Hakim

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Ethiopian blend of Medicine, History and Humor.

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📈 Аналитический обзор Telegram-канала Hakim

Канал Hakim (@hakimethio) языкового сегмента Амхарский является активным участником. Сейчас сообщество объединяет 61 743 подписчиков, занимая 232 место в категории Медицина и 516 место в регионе Эфиопия.

📊 Показатели аудитории и динамика

С момента создания невідомо проект демонстрирует стремительный рост, собрав аудиторию из 61 743 подписчиков.

Согласно последним данным от 06 июля, 2026, канал показывает стабильную активность. За последние 30 дней изменение числа участников составило 1 394, а за последние 24 часа — 71, при этом общий охват остаётся высоким.

Статус верификации: Не верифицирован
Уровень вовлечённости (ER): Средний показатель вовлечённости аудитории составляет 10.95%. В первые 24 часа после публикации контент обычно набирает 7.66% реакций от общего числа подписчиков.
Охват публикаций: В среднем каждый пост получает 6 763 просмотров. В течение первых суток публикация набирает 4 728 просмотров.
Реакции и взаимодействия: Аудитория активно поддерживает контент: среднее количество реакций на один пост — 45.
Тематические интересы: Контент сосредоточен на ключевых темах, таких как patient, ethiopia, disease, ነው።, medicine.

📝 Описание и контентная политика

Автор описывает ресурс как площадку для выражения субъективного мнения:
“Ethiopian blend of Medicine, History and Humor.”

Благодаря высокой частоте обновлений (последние данные получены 07 июля, 2026) канал поддерживает актуальность и высокий уровень охвата публикаций. Аналитика показывает, что аудитория активно взаимодействует с контентом, что делает его важной точкой влияния в категории Медицина.

61 743

Подписчики

+7124 часа

+2467 дней

+1 39430 день

6 763

Просмотры поста

~ 4 72824 часа

~ 5 28848 часов

10.95%

Коэффициент вовлеченности

~ 23

Постов в день

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03 июля	+23
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Посты канала

Dr. Dibora Reta; Jimma University's Medicine 2nd overall top scorer and highest scoring female graduate with a CGPA of 3.76. @HakimEthio

2	"Tell us your assessment" the R4 said (the most አስፈሪ R4 btw) *New term. New environment. New faces all over the place. ቁልጭ ቁልጭ . . . I started reading my completely incomplete and disorganized history of present pregnancy "This is a 31 year old premigravid mother whose Gestational age .... is " BTW thats her exact age and line I wrote on my first ever history when I was C1 and I still remember her name even. The R4 got pissed off ... The R2 ታኮ ገብቶ ደገፍ አደረገኝ ..."he meant if you could tell us your diagnosis of the patient please" he said. The R2 thought he saved me but things got complicated even more. Here is how.. diagnosis and assessment are different things. Assessment is an umbrella term which includes a set of different diagnoses. But diagnosis is just one specific disease. " Oh okay. Precelamsia" I said The R4 ፊቱ ተቀያየረ "የመጀመሪያችሁ ነው?" He said Because what I said was not even closer to what he expected me to say. Well I didn't put my assessment properly. ሲጀመር I didn't know what ASSESSMENT mean in the first place. What I knew about assessment was just assessment. Not ASSESSMENT. you know. ሲጀመር med school ላይ ብዙ English terms ቦታቸውን የሳቱ ይመስላሉ but they aren't. ለምሳሌ the word "Appreciate" has different meaning in the medical world. Appreciating is not ማደናነቅing here. Its more like looking for some signs or changes on patients body during physical exam. "አዎ!" አልን በአንድ ድምጽ። እንደዛ እንዲሉን ስንቋጥር ነበር ሲጀመር። መቼስ በመጀመሪያ ቀን አያዝጉንም ብለን ነው ጫር ጫር አርገን የሄድነው። By the way the question "የመጀመሪያችሁ ነው?" is every C1 students hiding place. አቤት እንደዛ ሲሉን እንዴት ደስ እንደሚለን። እስከ 4th attachment ሁላ ነው ምንጠቀማት። ያው አንዳንዴ ደግሞ 3rd attachment አከባቢ ይባንኑብናል እንጂ። "በቃ ዛሬ ዝም ብላችሁ ስሙ። ቀጣይ ላይ በደንብ ተዘጋጅታችሁ ትመጣላችሁ።" the R4 said. በስማምምም!! እንዴት ልባችንን እንደዘለለ አልነግራችሁም። ፈገግ እያልን ጨረስን roundኡን. And I still remember almost everything about that day. I invite you to join my channel for this kind of real life clinical year stories and many more ... here 🖊 https://t.me/NK_arts Dr. Nardos Keyema Quality Director, Jinka General Hospital @HakimEthio	2 761
3	+1 MSc in pediatrics and child health nursing graduates of Harar health science college, 2026. Msc in integrated clinical and community mental health graduates of Aksum University, 2026. @HakimEthio	3 202
4	የስኳር ሕመም (Diabetes)፦ ምንነት፣ ዓይነቶች፣ የሕክምና አማራጮች የስኳር ሕመም (Diabetes) ሰውነታችን ለዕለት ተዕለት እንቅስቃሴ የሚጠቅመውን ምግብ ወደ ኃይል (Energy) የመቀየር ተፈጥሯዊ ሂደቱን የሚያስተጓጉል ሥር የሰደደ የጤና እክል ነው። በተለመደው የሰውነት አካሄድ፣ የምንመገበው ምግብ ተፈጭቶ ወደ ግሉኮስ (ስኳር) ከተቀየረ በኋላ ወደ ደም ዝውውር ሥርዓት ይገባል። በዚህ ጊዜ በቆሽት (Pancreas) አማካኝነት የሚመረተው ኢንሱሊን የተባለ ሆርሞን፣ ግሉኮስ ከደም ወጥቶ ወደ ሴሎቻችን እንዲገባ እና ለኃይል አገልግሎት እንዲውል እንደ ቁልፍ ሆኖ ያገለግላል። በስኳር ሕመም ጊዜ ግን ይህ የተዋቀረ ሥርዓት ይስተጓጎላል። ዋና ዋና የስኳር ሕመም ዓይነቶች · ዓይነት 1 ስኳር (Type 1 Diabetes)፦ የሰውነታችን የነጭ ደም ሴሎች (የበሽታ መከላከል ሥርዓት) በስህተት ኢንሱሊን የሚያመርቱትን የቆሽት ሴሎች በሚያጠፉበት ጊዜ ይከሰታል። በዚህም ምክንያት ሰውነት ጨርሶ ኢንሱሊን ማምረት ያቆማል። ሕመሙ በአብዛኛው በልጅነት ወይም በወጣትነት የዕድሜ ክልል ውስጥ የሚቀሰቀስ ነው። · ዓይነት 2 ስኳር (Type 2 Diabetes)፦ ሰውነታችን የሚመረተውን ኢንሱሊን በአግባቡ መጠቀም ሳይችል ሲቀር (Insulin Resistance) ወይም ቆሽት ለሰውነት የሚበቃ የኢንሱሊን መጠን ማመንጨት ሲያቅተው ይከሰታል። ይህ በስፋት የሚስተዋለው የሕመም ዓይነት ሲሆን፣ በአብዛኛው ከአኗኗር ዘይቤ፣ ከክብደት መጨመር እና ከዕድሜ መግፋት ጋር የተያያዘ ነው። · የእርግዝና ስኳር (Gestational Diabetes)፦ በአንዳንድ ሴቶች ላይ በእርግዝና ወቅት ብቻ ተከስቶ፣ ከወሊድ በኋላ በራሱ ጊዜ የሚጠፋ ጊዜያዊ የስኳር ዓይነት ነው። ሊታዩ የሚችሉ የተለመዱ ምልክቶች · የሽንት መደጋገም (በተለይ በሌሊት)፦ ኩላሊት በደም ውስጥ ያለውን ትርፍ ስኳር በሽንት መልክ ለማስወገድ ከተለመደው በላይ ተጋድሞ ስለሚሠራ ይከሰታል። · ከፍተኛ የውሃ ጥም እና የማያቋርጥ የራብ ስሜት፦ በሽንት መደጋገም ምክንያት ብዙ ፈሳሽ ከሰውነት ስለሚወጣ ከፍተኛ የውሃ ጥም ይፈጠራል፤ እንዲሁም ሴሎች ግሉኮስን ማግኘት ስለማይችሉ ከተመገቡ በኋላም እንኳ የረሃብ ስሜቱ አይረካም። · ያልታወቀ የክብደት መቀነስ፦ ሰውነት ግሉኮስን ለኃይል መጠቀም ሲሳነው ፣ በምትኩ በሰውነት ውስጥ የተከማቸውን ስብ እና ጡንቻ ማቅለጥ ስለሚጀምር ያለ ምንም ጥረት ክብደት ይቀንሳል። · ከፍተኛ የሰውነት ዝለት እና የእይታ ብዥታ፦ በቂ ኃይል ወደ ሴሎች ፈጥኖ መድረስ ባለመቻሉ የማያቋርጥ የአቅም ማጣት ስሜት ይፈጠራል፤ በተጨማሪም ከፍተኛ የስኳር መጠን በዓይን ሌንስ ቅርጽ ላይ ተጽዕኖ ስለሚያደርግ እይታ ሊጋረድ ይችላል። · የቁስሎች የመፈወስ አቅም መዘግየት እና ተደጋጋሚ ኢንፌክሽኖች፦ በከፍተኛ ስኳር ምክንያት የሰውነት የመጠገን አቅም ስለሚዳከም ቁስሎች ለመዳን ረጅም ጊዜ ይወስዳሉ፤ የቆዳ፣ የድድ ወይም የሽንት ቧንቧ ኢንፌክሽኖችም ሊደጋገሙ ይችላሉ። · የእጅ ወይም የእግር መደንዘዝ፦ በከፍተኛ ስኳር ምክንያት የነርቭ መጉዳት (Neuropathy) ሲከሰት፣ በእጅ ወይም በእግር ጫፎች ላይ የማቃጠል፣ የመደንዘዝ ወይም የመርፌ መውጋት ስሜት ይስተዋላል። ⚠️ ሕመሙ በአግባቡ ካልተያዘ ሊያስከትላቸው የሚችሏቸው የጤና እክሎች፦ የስኳር መጠን ለረጅም ጊዜ ሳይቆጣጠሩት ከፍተኛ ሆኖ ከቀጠለ ለልብና የደም ሥር በሽታዎች፣ ለኩላሊት መጉዳት፣ ለነርቭ መጉዳት እና ሙሉ ለሙሉ የእይታ ማጣት ምክንያት ሊሆን ይችላል። የሕክምና ክትትል እና መድኃኒቶች፦ • ለዓይነት 1 ስኳር፦ ሰውነት ኢንሱሊን ስለማያመርት የዕለት ተዕለት የኢንሱሊን መርፌ መውሰድ ግዴታ ነው። • ለዓይነት 2 ስኳር፦ እንደ በሽታው ደረጃ እና ሁኔታ በሐኪም የሚታዘዙ የአፍ ኪኒን መድኃኒቶች ወይም የኢንሱሊን መርፌ መውሰድ። 2. ጤናማ አመጋገብ (Diet)፦ ጣፋጭ ምግቦችን፣ የአልኮል መጠጦችንና የተቀነባበሩ ካርቦሃይድሬቶችን (ነጭ ዱቄት፣ ነጭ ሩዝ) በከፍተኛ ሁኔታ መቀነስ፤ በምትኩ በፋይበር (ቃጫ) የበለፀጉ ምግቦችን፣ አትክልትና ፍራፍሬዎችን እንዲሁም ሙሉ ጥራጥሬዎችን መመገብ። 3. አካላዊ እንቅስቃሴ፦ በሳምንት ቢያንስ 150 ደቂቃ (በቀን 30 ደቂቃ ለ5 ቀናት) ቀለል ያለ ስፖርት ወይም ፈጣን እርምጃ ማድረግ በደም ውስጥ ያለውን ስኳር ለመቀነስ በእጅጉ ይረዳል። 4. የደም ስኳርን በቤት ውስጥ መለካት፦ የግሉኮሜትር መሣሪያን በመጠቀም የስኳር መጠንን በየጊዜው መከታተል እና ለሕክምና ክትትል ማሳየት። 📌 ማሳሰቢያ፦ በተለይ በዓይነት 2 ስኳር መጀመሪያ አካባቢ ምንም ዓይነት የሕመም ምልክት ሳይታይ በበሽታው መያዝ ሊኖር ስለሚችል፣ ሕመሙ መኖሩን ለማረጋገጥ ብቸኛውና አስተማማኝው መንገድ የደም ምርመራ ማድረግ ብቻ ነው። ጤናዎን ይጠብቁ፤ በየጊዜው ይመርመሩ! Join us ✅Telegram ✅Facebook ✅Tik tok ✅Website 📱9825/0952-34-34-34 📍ቦሌ የኢትዮጵያ አየር መንገድ ካርጐ ፊት ለፊት 📍ብስራተ ገብርኤል አዶት ሲኒማ ገባ ብሎ Location @HakimEthio	4 179
5	+2 ጥርሷ:- እረ የጤፍ ያለህ የ18 ዓመት ተማሪ የነበረችው ወጣት፣ ለሁለት ዓመታት ያህል የጨጓራ የሚመስል ህመም ሕይወቷን እያመሰቃቀለው ነበር። [የሕክምና ታሪኮች #37] በተደጋጋሚ "ለጨጓራ መቆጣት" የጨጓራ አሲድ መቀነሻ መድኃኒቶችን ስትጠቀም ብትቆይም፣ ምንም ዓይነት መሻሻል ሊታይባት አልቻለም ነበር። ከዚህ ጋር ተያይዞ የሚሰማት ከፍተኛ ድካምም ሌላው እንቆቅልሽ ነበር። በምርመራ ላይ እያለን አንድ ነገር ትኩረቴን ሳበው። ያም የጥርስ መሸርሸር ነበር። የፊት ጥርሶቿ ላይ ያለው የጥርሶቹዋ የመበላት ምልክት፣ ታሪኳን በጥልቀት እንድመርመር አስገደደኝ። በውይይታችን መሃል፣ እንደ ቀልድ "አንዳንድ ጊዜ ተቅማጥ ይሰማኛል" ብላ ስትናገር የበሽታዋን መፍቻ ቁልፍ እንደሰጠችኝ አልተረዳችም ነበር። ተጨማሪ ማብራሪያ ስጠይቃትም፣ ከልጅነቷ ጀምሮ የስንዴ ዳቦ በምትመገብበት ጊዜ ሆዷ እንደሚነፋ እና ተቅማጥ እንደሚያስቸጎራት ስትናገር፣ የጥርሷ መሸርሸር የጥርስ ሕመም ምልክት ብቻ እንዳልሆኑ ይልቁንም የውስጣዊ አካል ችግር 'ምስክር' መሆናቸውን ተረዳሁ። የበሽታዋን መንስኤ ይበልጥ ለማረጋገጥ የኤንዶስኮፒ ምርመራ ስሰራላት፣ የመጀመሪያው የትንሽ አንጀት ግድግዳ ላይ የታየው ክላሲክ የሆነ ምልክት በግልጽ የበሽታዋን መንስኤ ሲጠቁም ናሙና ከአንጀቱዋ ላይ በመውሰድ የፓቶሎጂ ውጤቱም ይበልጥ የበሽታዋን ምክንያት አረጋገጠ። ምንም እንኳን የኢኮኖሚ አቅሟ የበሽታዋን መንስኤ በላብራቶሪ የደም ምርመራ ለማድረግ ባይፈቅድም፣ በፓቶሎጂው ውጤት እና በነበራት ምልክቶች መነሻ በማድረግ ግሉተን ያለባቸውን ምግቦች (ስንዴ፣ ገብስ እና አጃ) ከአመጋገቧ ሙሉ በሙሉ እንድታስወግድ እና ተጨማሪ የቫይታሚንና ካልሲየም መድሀኒቶች እንድትወስድ ተደረገ። ከጥቂት ጊዜ በኋላ የሆድ ህመሟ ጠፋ፣ የጠፋው አቅሟም ተመለሰ። ቁልፍ ነጥቦች ሴሊያክ በሽታ (Celiac Disease) ለበሽታው ተጋላጭ የሆኑ ሰዋች ግሉተን የተባለ ንጥረ ነገር የያዙ ምግቦችን (ስንዴ፣ ገብስ እና አጃ) ሲመገቡ በዋነኝነት በአንጀት ላይ የሚከሰት የበሽታ መከላከል ስርዓት ችግር ነው። ይህ በሽታ ብዙ መልክ ያለው በመሆኑ ሁልጊዜ እንደ ተቅማጥ እና የክብደት መቀነስ ባሉ የተለመዱ ምልክቶች ብቻ አይገለጽም። ይልቁንም እንደ የደም ማነስ ፣ ሥር የሰደደ ድካም፣ በተደጋጋሚ የሚከሰት የሆድ ህመም፣ የሆድ መነፋት፣ የአጥንት መሳሳት፣ መካንነት፣ የነርቭ ሕመም ምልክቶች፣ የጉበት ኢንዛይሞች መዛባት፣ የቆዳ መቆጣት እና አልፎ ተርፎም የጥርስ ኢናሜል መሸርሸር ባሉ ከአንጀት ውጭ የሆኑ ምልክቶችን ሊከሰት ይችላል። የበሽታው መገለጫ እጅግ የተለያየ በመሆኑ እነዚህን ፍንጮች በአግባቡ በመለየት እና ለሁል ጊዜው ከግሉተን ነፃ የሆነ አመጋገብን በመከተል ሙሉ በሙሉ ከሕመሙ ማገገም ይቻላል። Segenet Bizuneh Internist, GI/Hepatology fellow St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College - SPHMMC @HakimEthio	4 780
6	Many researchers finance projects with personal resources or minimal institutional support, resulting in limited sample sizes and simplified methodologies. Sustainable national funding is essential to address priority areas such as infectious diseases, antimicrobial resistance, genomics, digital health, non-communicable diseases, maternal and child health, and environmental health. 8. Incentives That Reward Quantity Rather Than Quality Academic evaluation systems frequently emphasize publication numbers instead of scientific impact. Greater recognition should be given to innovation, reproducibility, collaboration, and research that produce meaningful societal benefits. A Vision for Ethiopia Imagine universities connected through vibrant national research networks, equipped with modern laboratories and supported by sustainable funding. Imagine early-career researchers receiving mentorship, leading innovative projects, and collaborating internationally. Imagine hospitals routinely implementing locally generated evidence, and policymakers relying on Ethiopian research to guide national decisions. Such a future is achievable through deliberate investment, long-term planning, and a strong commitment to scientific excellence. Recommendations To strengthen Ethiopia's research ecosystem, I respectfully recommend that the Ministries of Health and Education: Expand and modernize research infrastructure across all regions. Establish competitive national research funding, particularly for early-career researchers. Develop structured mentorship and research leadership programs. Strengthen collaboration among universities, hospitals, government agencies, industry, and international partners. Invest in advanced laboratories, digital research resources, and access to scientific literature. Create effective systems for translating research findings into policy and clinical practice. Reform academic evaluation systems to emphasize research quality, innovation, reproducibility, and societal impact. Encourage multidisciplinary and multicenter research addressing national priorities. Support participation in international conferences, scientific exchanges, and collaborative projects. Develop national platforms for sharing research expertise, infrastructure, and data. Final Reflection The future of healthcare, education, and economic development depends on the strength of Ethiopia's research system. Research is not a luxury; it is a strategic investment that drives innovation, improves public health, informs policy, and strengthens national prosperity. Let us move beyond conducting research solely for academic requirements. Let us build a research culture that generates solutions, influences policy, advances science, and improves the lives of our people. The next groundbreaking discovery may already exist in the mind of a young Ethiopian researcher. Our responsibility is to provide the environment, resources, and opportunities that allow that idea to flourish. Respectfully, Abowak Ulfata Megersa (BSc, MPH in Epidemiology) @HakimEthio	4 726
7	An Open Letter to the Ministries of Health and Education "Research is the art of turning observations into evidence and evidence into solutions." Unknown Dear Honorable Leaders of the Ministries of Health and Education, Science begins with curiosity. Every technology, medicine, and public health intervention that benefits humanity today started as an idea pursued through research. The discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming is a classic example. Although chance played a role, it was scientific curiosity, careful observation, and rigorous experimentation that transformed an unexpected finding into one of the greatest medical breakthroughs in history. This reminds us that innovation flourishes where strong research systems exist. Ethiopia has made encouraging progress in expanding higher education and research activities. Universities and research institutions now produce thousands of undergraduate projects, master's thesis, doctoral dissertations, and scientific publications each year. However, much of this research remains confined to libraries or academic journals, with limited influence on public policy, healthcare, innovation, or national development. Research should not merely fulfill graduation requirements or academic promotion criteria. Its true purpose is to generate knowledge that solves real-world problems, informs evidence-based policymaking, strengthens healthcare systems, advances technology, and contributes to sustainable national development. Therefore, our concern should not only be the quantity of research produced but also its quality, originality, relevance, and societal impact. Key Challenges 1. Limited Research Infrastructure Many researchers lack access to modern laboratories, advanced equipment, reliable internet, computational resources, and scientific literature. Young investigators often possess innovative ideas but lack the facilities needed to test them, preventing promising research from progressing beyond the proposal stage. 2. Insufficient Specialized Research Institutes Although Ethiopia has research institutions, they cannot adequately serve the growing scientific community. More specialized centers in fields such as genomics, biotechnology, molecular biology, epidemiology, pharmaceutical sciences, biomedical engineering, artificial intelligence in healthcare, and translational medicine are needed to address national priorities effectively. 3. Inadequate Training for Early-Career Researchers Research methodology courses alone are insufficient. Young scientists need practical training in scientific writing, research ethics, and grant proposal development, advanced biostatistics, data management, bioinformatics, laboratory techniques, clinical trials, systematic reviews, research leadership, intellectual property, and science communication. These competencies are essential for producing high-quality research and competing internationally. 4. Limited Opportunities for Young Researchers Early-career researchers often contribute only to data collection while being excluded from study design, data analysis, manuscript preparation, and leadership roles. A healthy research culture should recognize competence, creativity, and innovation regardless of seniority, allowing young researchers to develop into future research leaders. 5. Weak Collaboration and Mentorship Many researchers work in isolation with limited mentorship or collaboration across institutions. Strong national research networks and structured mentorship programs would improve research quality, encourage multidisciplinary studies, and strengthen grant competitiveness. 6. Weak Translation of Research into Policy Excellent research often fails to influence healthcare guidelines, educational reforms, or government policy. Strengthening mechanisms that connect researchers with policymakers would ensure locally generated evidence contributes directly to national decision-making. 7. Inadequate Research Funding	1
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9	+3 «የሰውነቴ ጠረን ያሳቅቀኛል፤ ሥራ መሥራት አቅቶኛል። አፍንጫዬ እንዳያሸት ድፈኑልኝ!» የታካሚዬ ግለ ታሪክና የአእምሮ ሕመም መገለጫዎች አእምሮ ካለ አለ ነው። ወደ ግራ ከተመለከተ፣ ወደ ቀኝ ለመመለስ ብዙ ውጣ ውረዶችን ይጠይቃል። ሰዎች የነርቭ ሕመሞችንና የአእምሮ ሕመሞችን የሚረዱበት መንገድ ግራ እስከሚያጋባን ድረስ የተወሳሰበና ልዩ አረዳድ ያለበት ነው። ይህ አረዳድ ሕመሙን ወደ ሌላ ጫፍ ይወስደዋል፤ ነገሮችንም ይበልጥ ያወሳስባቸዋል። ወጣት እንስት ናት። ተራዋ ደርሶ ገባች። ከአቅም በላይ የሆነ ሽቶ ተቀብታ ከፊቴ ተቀመጠች። «ለሰላምታም ጊዜ የለኝም።» አለችኝ። ግራ ቢገባኝም፣ ወደ መጣችበት ጉዳይ እንድትገባ ፈቀድኩላት። «ዶክተር፣ የሰውነቴ ጠረን አሳቅቆኛል። አሁን እንኳ ወረፋ ስጠብቅ ብዙ ሰው ከእኔ አጠገብ ሲያልፍ አፍንጫውን እየያዘ ነበር። ለሌላ ሰው ብቻ ሳይሆን ለእኔም ለራሴ ሽታው አሰልችቶኛል።» እያለች በእንባና በመከፋት ታሪኳን መተረክ ጀመረች። አሁን ገባኝ፤ ለምን ያን ያህል ሽቶ ተቀብታ እንደመጣች። አእምሮዋ ሽታዋን ገልብጦ አንብቦታል። ይህ በፈቃዷ ሳይሆን በሕመሟ የተነሳ ነው። አእምሮ ሲታመም መገለጫዎቹ ብዙ ናቸው። የዚች ወጣት ሕመም ከሽታ ጋር የተያያዘ የሥነ አእምሮ ችግር ነው። አእምሮዋ «ከልክ በላይ መጥፎ ሽታ እያሸተትኩ ነው» ብሎ ያምናል፤ እሷም የአእምሮዋን ትእዛዝ ትቀበላለች። «ሽታው እጅግ መጥፎ ነው። ከሽንት ቤት እንደሚወጣ ሽታ ነው፣ ዶክተር የእኔ ሰውነት ጠረን፤ አንተም እየሸተትከው ነው፤ አይደል?» እያለች የሚሰማትን ትናገራለች። «ሥራ አቆምኩ፤ ውሎዬ ሻወር መውሰድና ሽቶ መቀባት ሆኗል።» ተስፋ በቆረጠ አንደበቷ አለች። አብረዋት የመጡት እናቷ በልጃቸው ጤና መታወክ እጅግ ተጨንቀው ነበር። እርር ብግን እንዳሉ ያስታውቃሉ። «ልጄ የታመመችው አእምሮዋን ነው። እንዳየኸው ክፍሉ በጥሩ መዓዛ ተሞልቷል፤ እሷ ግን ይህን አታሸትም። የሚሸታት መጥፎ ሽታ ብቻ ነው። ይህን ግን ትችለዋለህ?» ብለው ጠየቁኝ። እናቷ ችግሩ አእምሮ ላይ እንደሆነ ተረድተውታል። ግን ደ'ሞ በሰው ልጅ የሚታከምም አልመሰላቸውም። «ይኸው ቆዳዋ በመታጠብ ብዛት እየተጎዳ ነው።» ብለው እንባቸው ዱብ ዱብ ማለት ጀመረ። የአእምሮ ሕመም መገለጫዎቹ ሰፊ ናቸው። እንደ ሌሎች ሕመሞች የሚጨበጡ፣ የሚዳሰሱ ወይም በቀላሉ የሚለኩ አይደሉም። የታካሚዋን ሁኔታ መረዳቴን አሳወቅኳት። ቀጥዬም ሳይንሳዊ ማብራሪያ መስጠት ጀመርኩ። ብዙም ሳልናገር ሐሳቤን አቋረጠችና፣ «አንዴ ስማኝ።» አለችኝ። «እሺ፣» ብዬ ለመስማት ተዘጋጀሁ። «አፍንጫዬ እንዳያሸት ድፈንልኝ።» አለችኝ። በእሷ አረዳድ ወደ ሕክምና የመጣችው ከነመፍትሔው ነው። ይህን ሁሉ የምታደርገው የአእምሮ ጤናዋ ስለተጎዳ ነው። ታካሚዬ ሕክምና ጀምራለች። አንዳንድ ህመሞች እንኳን ለታካሚና ባለሙያ ላልሆነ ይቅርና ለባለሙያም ግር የሚያሰኙ ናቸው። የገዛ ጠረንን እንደ መጥፎ ቆጥሮ መጥላት፣ መሸማቀቅና ተገቢ ያልሆነ አሰልቺ ልምድ ውስጥ መግባትና ከየትኛውም ማህበራዊ ተሳትፎ እራስን ማግለል የዚች ታካሚ ህመም መገለጫዎች ናቸው። የእናቷ ጥያቄ ግን ሁሌም ይገርመኛል። የልጃቸው ሕመም በሰው የሚታከም ስላልመሰላቸው፣ እንዲህ ነበር ያሉኝ፣..... «ልጄ ግን ትችለዋለህ?» ያሉኝ አባባል ከውስጤ ተቀምጧል። አእምሯችንን እንጠብቅ። አእምሮ ይታመማል፤ ይታከማልም። References 1) Phillips KA, Menard W. Olfactory reference syndrome: demographic and clinical features of imagined body odor. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2011 Jul-Aug;33(4):398-406. doi: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2011.04.004. Epub 2011 May 26. PMID: 21762838; PMCID: PMC3139109. 2 ) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psycr.2024.100206 ዶ/ር መስፍን በኃይሉ: የአንጎል፣ ህብረ-ሰረሰር እና ነርቭ-ዘንግና ጡንቻ ህክምና ስፔሻሊስት @HakimEthio	4 361
10	+2 Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) and the Current Global Situation Global Burden of AMR AMR is one of the world's most serious public health threats. According to the World Health Organization: • Drug-resistant infections contribute to millions of deaths worldwide each year. • Common infections such as urinary tract infections, bloodstream infections, pneumonia, and surgical-site infections are becoming increasingly difficult to treat. • AMR threatens the safety of routine surgeries, cancer chemotherapy, organ transplantation, and intensive care medicine. Current Global Situation (2025–2026) The latest WHO surveillance data show that: • Data from over 100 countries indicate that approximately 1 in 6 laboratory-confirmed bacterial infections in 2023 was resistant to standard antibiotic treatment. • Antibiotic resistance increased in more than 40% of the pathogen–antibiotic combinations monitored between 2018 and 2023. • The highest resistance rates occur in parts of South-East Asia, the Eastern Mediterranean, and Africa. • Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter spp., and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are showing increasing resistance to third-generation cephalosporins and carbapenems, leaving fewer effective treatment options. Major Causes of AMR • Overuse and misuse of antibiotics in humans. • Inappropriate antibiotic prescribing. • Patients not completing prescribed antibiotic courses. • Self-medication without medical advice. • Excessive antibiotic use in livestock and agriculture. • Poor infection prevention and control in healthcare settings. • Inadequate sanitation and hygiene. • Weak laboratory surveillance systems. AMR has major consequences: • Increased illness and mortality. • Longer hospital stays. • Higher healthcare costs. • Failure of standard treatments. • Increased spread of resistant microorganisms. • Reduced effectiveness of life-saving medical procedures. Reference - WHO Global antimicrobial resistance surveillance report 2025 Mandie Maru, Senior Microbiologist, at Haramaya University, Hiwot Fana Hospital @HakimEthio	4 579
11	From Resilience to Resolution: My Path to Surgery My journey toward becoming a surgeon is not merely a path of academic pursuit; it is a testament to perseverance in the face of extraordinary adversity. The Spark of Purpose The foundation of my career was laid during a rotation in maxillofacial surgery. From the moment I stepped into the operating theater, I felt an undeniable connection to the precision, complexity, and life-changing impact of the specialty. I knew then that this was my calling. However, the path to fulfilling this ambition would be far from linear. Navigating Unprecedented Obstacles My commitment was tested almost immediately, as my residency training was delayed by a full year due to the global COVID-19 pandemic. Yet, the challenges proved to be more than just a logistical hurdle. The subsequent outbreak of war transformed my learning environment into an extreme arena of clinical practice. Working amidst the conflict meant: - Severe Resource Scarcity: Operating with limited equipment, minimal medical supplies, and a chronic shortage of essential manpower. - The Burden of Need: Facing an overwhelming influx of patients, which necessitated long hours, profound sacrifice, and countless sleepless nights. - Intellectual Persistence: Despite the lack of electricity and internet connectivity, I remained dedicated to my academic growth, preparing complex seminars by unconventional means to ensure my clinical knowledge never stagnated. The Road Ahead These experiences have not only shaped my surgical skills but have also forged my character. Navigating systemic collapse has taught me how to provide high-quality care under extreme pressure, how to lead with limited resources, and how to stay solid when the world feels uncertain. I am now more certain than ever that my future belongs in the operating room, where I can turn my passion for surgery into a lifelong commitment to healing those who need it. Acknowledgments I would like to extend my deepest gratitude to my mentors—Dr. Melese Tabor, Dr. Solomon Handiso, Dr. Hagos Shishay, and Dr. Kibrom Getachew—for their unwavering dedication to teaching me the surgical craft. Their guidance, patience, and excellence have been the cornerstone of my professional development, and I am profoundly honored to have trained under their supervision. Dr. Temesgen Haregot Hilawe Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon @HakimEthio	4 203
12	Make Your Summer Count with Mirkuzians! 🧞‍♂️✨ 🌟 We are thrilled to launch the 2026 Summer Program for Project Tequami for the 4th time! Help us guide patients through St. Paul's Hospital, ensure they get faster care, and join us for meaningful ward visits. 🌟 What you get: A smoother experience for patients who need it most. Direct hospital ward exposure. 🌟Official Certificate provided!📜 - If you’re a dedicated student ready to give back, grab your spot now! 👇 🔗 Apply Here 🌐 Pass this along to your high school group chats! A life lived for others is a life worth living	3 702
13	+2 Public Health Officer graduates of Aksum University, 2026. Medical Radiology Technology graduates of Mekelle University, 2026. Nursing graduates of Worabe University, 2026. @HakimEthio	4 320
14	+1 Public Health Officer graduates of Aksum University, 2026. Nursing graduates of Worabe University, 2026. @HakimEthio	1
15	+2 Statement from Tigray Medical Association Subject: Arbitrary Arrest of Dr. Yemane Gebremariam, CED of Adigrat Comprehensive Specialized Hospital The Tigray Medical Association (TMA) strongly condemns the arbitrary arrest of Dr. Yemane Gebremariam, a respected pediatrician, Chief Executive Director of Adigrat Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. Dr. Yemane is well known across Tigray's medical and academic community for his leadership in healthcare delivery and medical education. He is also a former Executive Board member and, more recently, an Advisory Board member of the Tigray Medical Association. According to information received from Association members in Adigrat town, Dr. Yemane was arrested while traveling to Addis Ababa to attend the MedEd Africa professional education event. No lawful justification or due process has been communicated to the Association, his colleagues, or his family. This arrest is a serious violation of the rights of medical professionals to move and associate freely and to engage in legitimate scientific and educational activity without harassment. It directly undermines two institutions critical to Tigray's recovery: a hospital serving a large and vulnerable population, and an academic center training the region's future health workforce. It also sends a chilling signal to healthcare leaders and educators, discouraging the professional engagement essential to rebuilding a resilient health system. The Tigray Medical Association calls for: 1. The immediate and unconditional release of Dr. Yemane Gebremariam. 2. Full transparency on the grounds for his detention, with due process consistent with legal standards. 3. Respect for the neutrality and safety of healthcare and academic medical leaders. 4. Assurance that no medical professional will face arrest or harassment for attending conferences or continuing education. TMA appeals to authorities, human rights bodies, medical associations, and health partners to act to secure Dr. Yemane's release and to protect every health professional's right to practice, teach, and travel free from arbitrary detention. @HakimEthio	5 903
16	Call for help for Dr. Ermias Getaneh It is with deep concern that we share the health condition of our beloved physician Dr. Ermias Getaneh, who is currently diagnosed to have advanced adrenal tumor with lung metastatis currently on palliative treatment at SPHMMC. Dr. Ermias Getaneh graduated as medical doctor from Yekatit 12 hospital medical college and has dedicated more than a decade of distinguished service to academia, research, community engagement, and volunteerism. He is a former lecturer at Wollo University and now an Assistant Professor at St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College. Dr. Ermias is a married and a father of three young children. Currently he faces one of the greatest challenges of his life and needs our compassion, generosity, and support that he has so selflessly extended to others throughout his career. Please extend your support to Dr. Ermias Getaneh Ayele CBE: 1000000140938 Airmias Getaneh Ayele Contact no: 0975254205 @HakimEthio	9 718
17	+3 "ከወር አበባዬ በፊት የምሆነው ይጠፋኛል.. በትንሽ በትልቁ እበሳጫለሁ፣ ያለምክንያት አለቅሳለሁ፣ ለምንም ነገር ፍላጎተ አጣለሁ...' 🌸 ከወር አበባ በፊት የሚከሰት ከፍተኛ የስሜት መረበሽ ምንድን ነው? 🌸 1. PMDD? ብዙዎች ከወር አበባ ዑደት መግቢያ ቀናት አስቀድሞ የሚከሰቱትን መለስተኛ የሰውነት ድካሞችና የባህሪ መለዋወጦችን ያዉቃቸዋል። ምናልባትም በትንሽ ነገር መበሳጨት፣ ቶሎ ማልቀስ ወይም የድካም ስሜት መሰማት የወር አበባ ለሚያዩ ሴቶች የተለመደ ሊሆን ይችላል። ነገር ግን፣ ለአንዳንዶች ይህ ወቅት ተራ የስሜት መለዋወጥ ሳይሆን፣ ሕይወታቸውን ሙሉ በሙሉ የሚገለብጥ የውስጥ ማዕበል ይዞባቸዉ ይመጣል። PMDD ተራ የቅድመ-ወር አበባ የስሜት ለዉጥ አይደለም፤ የሴቶችን የዕለት ተዕለት ውሎ፣ የሥራ ስኬት፣ የትምህርት ትኩረት እና ከሚወዷቸው ሰዎች ጋር ያላቸውን መልካም ግንኙነት በከፍተኛ ሁኔታ የሚያናጋ፣ ትኩረት የሚሻ የሕክምና ሁኔታ ነው። ይህ ችግር ከወር አበባ መምጫ ቀናት አስቀድሞ የሚከሰት የሥነ-ልቦና እና የአካል መቃወስ ሲሆን፣ በውስጡ የሚያልፉ ሴቶችን ክንፍ እንደተሰበረ ወፍ አቅመ-ቢስ ያደርጋቸዋል። ለመሆኑ ይህ የውስጥ ምስቅልቅል እንዴት ይፈጠራል? ምስጢሩ ያለው በአካላችንና በአእምሯችን በሚደረገው ድብቅ ግንኙነት ውስጥ ነው። በወር አበባ ዑደት ወቅት በሰውነት ውስጥ የሚፈጠረው የተፈጥሮ ሆርሞኖች መለዋወጥ፣ በአንጎል ውስጥ ያለውንና የደስታ፣ የሰላም እንዲሁም የስሜት መረጋጋትን የሚቆጣጠረውን ሴሮቶኒን (Serotonin) የተባለ የነርቭ አስተላላፊ ኬሚካል በአሉታዊ መልኩ ያናጋዋል። ይህ የኬሚካል መዛባት ሴቶች ላይ ከቁጥጥር ውጪ የሆነ የሐዘን ስሜት፣ ከባድ ጭንቀት፣ ተስፋ መቁረጥ እና ከፍተኛ የአካል ድካም ይበረታባቸዋል። በአጭሩ፣ 2. በሽታው መኖሩን እንዴት እናውቃለን? በአሜሪካ የስነ-አእምሮ (DSM-5 TR) መመሪያ መሠረት፣ አንዲት ሴት PMDD አለባት ለመባል ቢያንስ 5 ምልክቶች ሊኖሯት ይገባል። ምልክቶቹ የወር አበባ ከመምጣቱ 1 ሳምንት ቀደም ብለው መታየት አለባቸው፣ የወር አበባ ከጀመረ በኋላ ደግሞ መጥፋት ወይም በጣም መቀነስ አለባቸው። ዋና ዋናዎቹ የስነ-ልቦና ምልክቶች (ቢያንስ አንዱ መገኘት አለበት)፦ • ከፍተኛ የስሜት መለዋወጥ (ድንገት ማልቀስ፣ በቀላሉ መናደድ) • ከባድ መበሳጨት፣ ቁጣ እና ከሰዎች ጋር መጣላት • ጥልቅ የሀዘን ስሜት፣ የተስፋ መቁረጥ ወይም ራስን ዝቅ አድርጎ ማየት • ከፍተኛ ጭንቀት፣ መወጠር ወይም መረበሽ ተጨማሪ ምልክቶች፦ • በተለመዱ እንቅስቃሴዎች (ሥራ፣ የትርፍ ጊዜ) ላይ ፍላጎት ማጣት • ትኩረት የማድረግ ችግር • ከፍተኛ የድካም ስሜት እና ጉልበት ማጣት • የምግብ ፍላጎት ለውጥ • የእንቅልፍ መዛባት (በጣም መተኛት ወይም እንቅልፍ ማጣት) 3. የመፍትሔ አማራጮች ምንድን ናቸው? PMDD መታከም የሚችል ህመም ነው! ዋና ዋናዎቹ የሕክምና መንገዶች የሚከተሉት ናቸው፦ # የአኗኗር ዘይቤ ለውጥ • መደበኛ የአካል ብቃት እንቅስቃሴ ማድረግ። • የቡና፣ የስኳር እና የጨው አጠቃቀምን መቀነስ። • በቂ እንቅልፍ ማግኘት • የጭንቀት ማስተናገጃ መንገዶችን መልመድ። # የስነ-ልቦና ምክር (Psychotherapy)፦ # የህክምና መድኃኒቶች (Pharmacotherapy)፦ • በሀኪም ትእዛዝ የሚወሰዱ መድኃኒቶች ምልክቶቹን በፍጥነት በማስታገስ ረገድ የመጀመሪያው ምርጫ ናቸው። ይህ ስሜት የባህሪ መበላሸት ወይም "የሴትነት ቅንጦት" አይደለም፤ የህክምና እገዛ የሚያስፈልገው የጤና እክል ነው። ምልክቶቹ ካሉብዎት ወደ ህክምና ተቋም በመሄድ ከአእምሮ ሀኪም ጋር ይማከሩ! ይህን መረጃ ለወዳጅዎ በማጋራት ግንዛቤን እንፍጠር! ሀሳብ ወይም ጥያቄ ካላችሁ ኮሜንት ላይ ያስቀምጡ። References - DSM-5-TR (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision) - Kaplan & Sadock's Synopsis of Psychiatry (12th Edition) ዶ/ር አበባየሁ: የአእምሮ ህክምና ስፔሻሊስት ደብረ ብርሀን @HakimEthio	5 712
18	The lesson is not that agriculture was a mistake. Civilization, public health, sanitation, vaccines, and modern medicine have transformed human survival. Rather, the lesson is that our biology was shaped over hundreds of thousands of years under nutritional and mechanical conditions that differ substantially from those of the modern world. Ancient skeletons remind us that understanding evolutionary biology is not merely an academic exercise—it is essential for understanding the origins of many chronic diseases that dominate clinical practice today. References 1. Larsen CS. Bioarchaeology: Interpreting Behavior from the Human Skeleton. Cambridge University Press. 2. Larsen CS. The Agricultural Revolution as Environmental Catastrophe? Implications for Health and Lifestyle in the Holocene. Quaternary International. 2006. 3. Clark Spencer Larsen. Research on health consequences of the agricultural transition. 4. Weston A. Price. Nutrition and Physical Degeneration. (Historically influential observational work; should be interpreted alongside contemporary evidence.) 5. World Health Organization>. Global Oral Health Status Report. 6. Food and Agriculture Organization. Resources on the origins of agriculture, food systems, and nutrition. Berry Dubiso, MD @HakimEthio	4 550
19	How the Agricultural Transition Reshaped the Human Skeleton, Jaw, and Teeth If an orthopedic surgeon, dentist, and anthropologist could travel back 20,000 years to examine healthy hunter-gatherers, they would likely notice recurring anatomical features: broad jaws, large dental arches, well-aligned teeth, robust skeletons, prominent muscle attachment sites, and relatively little dental caries compared with many later agricultural populations. Then, as they moved forward to the first farming societies, they would begin to observe a gradual but important biological shift. The transition from hunting and gathering to agriculture approximately 10,000–12,000 years ago represents one of the most profound natural experiments in human biology. While agriculture enabled permanent settlements, population growth, and the rise of civilization, archaeological and bioanthropological evidence suggests that this dietary transition was accompanied in many populations by reduced average stature, decreased skeletal robustness, increased dental caries, more enamel hypoplasia, and other markers of nutritional and physiological stress. For more than 95% of human evolutionary history, humans consumed diverse diets composed of animal-source foods, fish, eggs, tubers, fruits, vegetables, nuts, and other wild foods that were generally nutrient-dense and mechanically demanding to chew. Early agricultural societies, by contrast, became increasingly dependent on a smaller number of cereal staples. Although these foods provided reliable calories, they often reduced dietary diversity and altered the nutritional composition of the human diet. At the same time, denser populations, infectious diseases, and changing living conditions also contributed to health outcomes, reminding us that this transition was multifactorial rather than driven by a single dietary component. The human face tells a similar story. Craniofacial development is shaped by both genetics and function. Diets requiring vigorous mastication stimulate normal growth of the facial skeleton and dental arches, whereas the softer diets characteristic of many modern societies provide substantially less mechanical loading during childhood. Together with genetic influences, this likely contributes to narrower jaws, dental crowding, and impacted third molars that are increasingly familiar to modern clinicians. Perhaps nowhere is this transition more striking than in the teeth. Hunter-gatherers frequently exhibited significant tooth wear but relatively low rates of dental caries in many populations. Following the adoption of agriculture—and especially with the later introduction of refined flour and sugar—the prevalence of dental decay increased substantially. This observation is biologically plausible, as oral bacteria metabolize fermentable carbohydrates into acids that demineralize enamel, making frequent carbohydrate exposure a major driver of caries development. Today, despite extraordinary advances in restorative dentistry, dental caries remains one of the world’s most prevalent chronic diseases. This paradox raises an important question for modern medicine: have we become increasingly effective at treating the consequences while simultaneously creating an environment that promotes the disease? The same evolutionary perspective may extend beyond oral health. The modern nutritional environment—characterized by refined carbohydrates, ultra-processed foods, and reduced dietary nutrient density—has emerged alongside epidemics of obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. Although these disorders are influenced by genetics, physical activity, socioeconomic factors, and longevity, nutrition remains one of their most important modifiable determinants.	1
20	+3 Нет текста...	5 639

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