Hakim
📈 Аналитический обзор Telegram-канала Hakim
Канал Hakim (@hakimethio) языкового сегмента Амхарский является активным участником. Сейчас сообщество объединяет 62 230 подписчиков, занимая 228 место в категории Медицина и 520 место в регионе Эфиопия.
📊 Показатели аудитории и динамика
С момента создания невідомо проект демонстрирует стремительный рост, собрав аудиторию из 62 230 подписчиков.
Согласно последним данным от 26 июля, 2026, канал показывает стабильную активность. За последние 30 дней изменение числа участников составило 899, а за последние 24 часа — 27, при этом общий охват остаётся высоким.
- Статус верификации: Не верифицирован
- Уровень вовлечённости (ER): Средний показатель вовлечённости аудитории составляет 10.22%. В первые 24 часа после публикации контент обычно набирает 7.30% реакций от общего числа подписчиков.
- Охват публикаций: В среднем каждый пост получает 6 361 просмотров. В течение первых суток публикация набирает 4 540 просмотров.
- Реакции и взаимодействия: Аудитория активно поддерживает контент: среднее количество реакций на один пост — 46.
- Тематические интересы: Контент сосредоточен на ключевых темах, таких как patient, ethiopia, disease, ነው።, medicine.
📝 Описание и контентная политика
Автор описывает ресурс как площадку для выражения субъективного мнения:
“Ethiopian blend of Medicine, History and Humor.”
Благодаря высокой частоте обновлений (последние данные получены 27 июля, 2026) канал поддерживает актуальность и высокий уровень охвата публикаций. Аналитика показывает, что аудитория активно взаимодействует с контентом, что делает его важной точкой влияния в категории Медицина.
Загрузка данных...
| Дата | Привлечение подписчиков | Упоминания | Каналы | |
| 27 июля | +7 | |||
| 26 июля | +28 | |||
| 25 июля | +7 | |||
| 24 июля | +12 | |||
| 23 июля | +22 | |||
| 22 июля | +27 | |||
| 21 июля | +12 | |||
| 20 июля | +53 | |||
| 19 июля | +42 | |||
| 18 июля | +37 | |||
| 17 июля | +12 | |||
| 16 июля | +16 | |||
| 15 июля | +10 | |||
| 14 июля | +7 | |||
| 13 июля | +3 | |||
| 12 июля | +60 | |||
| 11 июля | +24 | |||
| 10 июля | +19 | |||
| 09 июля | +50 | |||
| 08 июля | +36 | |||
| 07 июля | +45 | |||
| 06 июля | +71 | |||
| 05 июля | +89 | |||
| 04 июля | +45 | |||
| 03 июля | +23 | |||
| 02 июля | 0 | |||
| 01 июля | +23 |
| 2 | የምጥ ማስታገሻ - Epidural labour analgesia
የምጥ ህመም አንዲት እናት ልጅን ለመውለድ በምታደርገው ሂደት ውስጥ የሚከሰት ተፈጥሯዊ ከፍተኛ የህመም አይነት ነው። ይህም በምጥ ወቅት በሚፈጠር የማህፀን መኮማተር ፣ የማህፀን በር መከፈት እንዲሁም ነርቭ ላይ በሚደረስ ጫና ይፈጠራል። ኤፒዱራል በምጥ ጊዜ የሚሰማን ከባድ ህመም ለማስታገስ የሚረዳ የማደንዘዣ አይነት ሲሆን ከሌሎቹ የህመም ማስታገሻ ዘዴዎች የተሻለ ተመራጭ እና ውጤታማ ነው።
🔴የኤፒዱራል አሰጣጥ ሂደት
የኤፒዱራል አሰጣጥ ሂደት በጥንቃቄ የሚከናወን ሲሆን የሚከተሉትን ያካትታል፦
➥ዝግጅቶች: የስምምነት ፊርማ መውሰድ ፣አስፈላጊ ምርመራዎችን ማድረግ፣ የታካሚዋን ሁኔታ መከታተያ መሳሪያዎችን ማድረግ እና መድሀኒቶችን ማዘጋጀትን ያጠቃልላል።
➥አቀማመጥ፦ እንድትቀመጥና ወደፊት እንድታጎነብስ ወይም በጎኗ እንድትተኛ ትደረጋለች።
➥ቦታውን ማጽዳትና ማደንዘዝ፦ መርፌው የሚወጋበት የታችኛው ጀርባ አካባቢ በአዮዲን እና በአልኮል ይጸዳል። ከዚያም ዋናው የኤፒዱራል መርፌ ሲገባ ህመም እንዳይሰማ በትንሽ መርፌ የቆዳውን ክፍል ብቻ የሚያደነዝዝ መድሃኒት ይሰጣል።
➥የኤፒዱራል መርፌውን "ኤፒዱራል ስፔስ" (Epidural Space) ወደሚባለው የአከርካሪ አጥንት ክፍል ማስገባት።
➥ቀጭን ቱቦውን (Catheter) ማስቀመጥ፦ በመርፌው ቀዳዳ በኩል ቀጭን የፕላስቲክ ቱቦ (ካቴተር) ወደ ኤፒዱራል ስፔስ እንዲገባ ይደረጋል። ከዚያም መርፌው በጥንቃቄ ይወጣና ቱቦው ብቻ ጀርባ ላይ በፕላስተር ይለጠፋል።
➥መድሃኒቱን መስጠት፦ የህመም ማስታገሻ መድሃኒቱ በቱቦው በኩል እንደ አስፈላጊነቱ በተወሰነ የጊዜ ልዩነት ይሰጣል። ህመሙ ሙሉ በሙሉ እስኪታገስ ድረስ ከ15-20 ደቂቃ ሊወስድ ይችላል።
🔴የኤፒዱራል ጥቅሞች
➥በምጥ ጊዜ የሚሰማን ከባድ ህመም በከፍተኛ ደረጃ ያስታግሳል።
➥ምጡ ለረጅም ሰዓት ከቆየ እናትየው እንድታርፍና ለመጨረሻው የምጥ ሂደት ጉልበት እንዲኖራት ይረዳታል።
➥በምጥ ጊዜ በቀዶ ህክምና መውለድ (C/S) ካስፈለገ ሌላ ማደንዘዣ ሳይሰጥ በዚሁ ካቴተር በኩል የማደንዘዣ መድሃኒት በመጨመር ቀዶ ህክምናውን ማከናወን ይቻላል።
➥ከወሊድ በኋላ የሚመጣ ድባቴን ይቀንሳል
🔴የጎንዮሽ ጉዳቶች
➥የደም ግፊት መቀነስ ሊኖር ይችላል
➥አንዳንድ እናቶች በሰውነታቸው ላይ የማሳከክ ስሜት ሊሰማቸው ይችላል።
➥የእግር መክበድ ወይም መደንዘዝ : ከተወሰኑ ሰዓታት በኋላ የሚለቅ ነው።
➥አልፎ አልፎ ራስ ምታት ሊከሰት ይችላል።
➥ኢንፌክሽን
🔴የማይፈቀድበት ሁኔታ
➥ታካሚዋ ካልፈለገች
➥በቀላሉ ደም የመፍሰስ ችግር
➥ቱቦው የሚገባበት ቦታ ቁስል
➥የጭንቅላት ውስጥ ግፊት(በወጠር) በተለያየ ምክንያት
➥ከፍተኛ የሆነ የደም ግፊት መጠን ማነስ
ዶ/ር ዮሴፍ አንሙት: በጥቁር አንበሳ ስፔሻላይዝድ ሆስፒታል
የአንስቴዦሎጂ እና ፅኑ ህክምና ስፔሻሊስት
@HakimEthio | 2 601 |
| 3 | “ዶክተር; ከወለድኩ ጀምሮ ፍራፍሬ አልበላም…”
በቅርቡ ለአመጋገብ ምክር የመጣች አንዲት ጡት የምታጠባ እናት ከአመጋገቧ ውስጥ ሁሉንም አይነት ፍራፍሬ እንዳስወገደች ፋይሏን ሳገላብጥ ተመለከትኩ።
ግራ ስለገባኝ ለምን እንደማትበላ ጠየኳት
“ፍራፍሬ ከበላሁ ልጄ ሆዱ ይታመማል፤ ጋዝም ይይዘዋል” አለችኝ
ይህ በብዙ ጡት በሚያጠቡ እናቶች መካከል የሚሰማ የተለመደ እምነት ነው ነገር ግን በሳይንሳዊ ማስረጃ መሠረት፣ ፍራፍሬ መመገብ በራሱ በጤናማ ሕፃናት ላይ የሆድ ህመም ወይም ኮሊክ (colic) አያስከትልም።
እንዲያውም ፍራፍሬዎች ለእናት አስፈላጊ ቪታሚኖችን፣ ማዕድናትን፣ ፋይበርን እና አንቲኦክሲዳንቶችን በማቅረብ በጡት ማጥባት ወቅት የእናትን ጤና ለመጠበቅ ይረዳሉ።
በእርግጥ ሕፃኑ ተደጋጋሚ የሆድ ችግር ወይም ያልተለመደ ማልቀስ ካለበት ምክንያቱን በሐኪም ማሳየት ይገባል እናትየውም ያለ ማስረጃ ምግቦችን እንድትከለክል አይመከርም።
እንደ ጤና ባለሙያዎች የእኛ ኃላፊነት የተሳሳቱ እምነቶችን በማስረጃ ለታካሚዎቻችን በአክብሮት ማስተማር ነው።
ለማንኛውም የስነ ምግብ እና ጤና የማማከር አገልግሎት ከፈለጉ
Dr. Rediet Getu: MD, Dietitian
📞 0939403502
@HakimEthio | 3 661 |
| 4 | EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE (EBM): A Lifelong Professional Responsibility
🩺 Modern healthcare is evolving at an unprecedented pace. New diseases emerge, pathogens develop antimicrobial resistance, novel therapies are introduced, and clinical practice guidelines are continuously updated. As a result, knowledge acquired during professional training alone is no longer sufficient for lifelong clinical practice.
📚EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE (EBM) is the conscientious, explicit, and judicious integration of the best available research evidence, clinical expertise, and patient values and preferences to make individualized patient care decisions.
Effective clinical decisions require balancing three essential pillars:
1. CLINICAL EXPERTISE
· Professional knowledge, technical skills, clinical reasoning, and experience to accurately assess, diagnose, and manage patients.
2. PATIENT VALUES AND PREFERENCES
· Respecting each patient's beliefs, culture, expectations, preferences, socioeconomic circumstances, and treatment goals through shared decision-making.
3. BEST AVAILABLE RESEARCH EVIDENCE
· Current, high-quality, critically appraised evidence from clinical trials, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, evidence-based guidelines, and other reliable scientific literature.
📚Healthcare professionals have an ethical and professional responsibility to remain current throughout their careers.
⏩Clinical practice should evolve as new evidence emerges—not remain anchored to outdated knowledge or routine practice.
↪️Continuous learning, critical appraisal of the literature, and adherence to updated evidence-based guidelines are fundamental to delivering safe, effective, patient-centered, and high-quality healthcare.
REMEMBER:
➡️ Excellent clinicians continuously update their practice based on the best available evidence while applying sound clinical judgment and respecting the values of the individual patient.
"Half of what you learn in medical school will be shown to be wrong or out of date within a few years; the challenge is knowing which half." This well-known observation underscores why lifelong learning is indispensable in healthcare.
References
• Sackett DL, Rosenberg WMC, Gray JAM, Haynes RB, Richardson WS. Evidence based medicine: what it is and what it isn't. BMJ. 1996;312:71–72.
• Guyatt G, Rennie D, Meade MO, Cook DJ, eds. Users' Guides to the Medical Literature: A Manual for Evidence-Based Clinical Practice. 3rd ed. McGraw-Hill; 2015.
• Straus SE, Glasziou P, Richardson WS, Haynes RB. Evidence-Based Medicine: How to Practice and Teach EBM. 5th ed. Elsevier; 2019.
Mesud Mohammed, MWU College of Medicine & Health Sciences
@HakimEthio | 3 803 |
| 5 | Poverty: The Silent Determinant
I remember my first patient as an intern — a premature infant suffering from Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS), receiving oxygen in an incubator. As a new intern, I was struggling to cope with the intensity of the NICU and the responsibility of patient follow-up.
As a medical student, I had learned about diseases — their risk factors, etiology, pathogenesis, and prognosis. I believed that medicine was purely science. But that first patient taught me that disease is far more than just science; it is deeply rooted in **socioeconomic realities.
I remember the infant’s attendant — the grandmother — who stayed by the baby’s side throughout. I noticed she always held her hand tightly against her abdomen. I was puzzled. Why did she constantly press her abdomen like that? Why did she seem to be in so much discomfort?
At the time, I was trying to arrange the necessary investigations for the baby. As an intern, I knew it was my responsibility to ensure these tests were completed. From previous experience, I understood that if an investigation wasn’t done, I would be held accountable. So I urged the grandmother to allow the tests to proceed. After much hesitation, she finally said to me, “My son, I have nothing. Let alone the cost of investigations, I can’t even feed myself. Don’t you see how I hold my abdomen to ease the pain of hunger?”
I was deeply shocked. Without thinking twice, I gave her 100 birr — not enough, of course, to cover the cost of the tests, but enough, I hoped, to buy her a meal.
The next day, she asked to discharge the baby, explaining that they could no longer afford to stay in the hospital. I tried my best to convince her otherwise, explaining how critical it was for the premature infant to remain under care. But she insisted: “It’s not in my best interest to leave, but I have no choice.” She was crying.
When the resident arrived, I explained the situation. She tried to convince the grandmother again, but when she realized the reason was financial, she lost hope. Then, she instructed me to prepare the self-discharge form for the baby’s mother to sign.
I wrote the self-discharge note and asked the mother to sign it. Until that moment, I had never seen her. When she arrived, I was shocked — she looked extremely young, no older than 17. In fact, when I asked her age, she said she was only 15. As she signed the form, she cried — overwhelmed with emotion, knowing she was taking her sick, underdeveloped child out of the hospital against medical advice.
I read the form to her, as she was illiterate. I helped her mark her thumbprint on the paper. As she did, tears streamed down her face the entire time.
We disconnected the oxygen, removed the baby from the incubator, and handed the child to the mother. As she walked away, I couldn’t help but wonder: *What happened to that baby? Did she survive? Did she grow? That question has stayed with me ever since.
In this case, one key factor — poverty — was never truly discussed in textbooks, rarely mentioned in lectures, and never appeared on exams. Yet, it was the root cause behind every tragic step: the young girl’s lack of education, early marriage, unplanned pregnancy, the premature birth, and ultimately, the decision to take the baby home without proper treatment.
Throughout my internship, I prepared many such self-discharge forms for patients who left the hospital against medical advice. Most of them, like this case, were driven by poverty. Others were due to lack of awareness or superstitious beliefs.
All of these experiences deeply affected me. They made me realize that science alone is not enough. To truly advance public health, we must also confront and address the broader social determinants of health— the invisible forces that shape lives and outcomes far beyond the reach of medicine alone.
Dr. Amir Fathi
@HakimEthio | 1 437 |
| 6 | ⏳ Only 6 Days to Go!
The countdown has officially begun to the 12th Ethiopian Gastroenterology Association (EGA) Conference—one of Ethiopia's leading annual scientific gatherings dedicated to advancing Gastroenterology and Hepatology.
📅 Date: Saturday, 1 August 2026
📍 Venue: Haile Grand Hotel, Megenegna–Lemberet, Addis Ababa
For the 12th time, the EGA Conference will bring together gastroenterologists, hepatologists, internists, surgeons, endoscopists, researchers, trainees, and healthcare professionals from across Ethiopia and beyond to exchange knowledge, present the latest scientific evidence, foster collaboration, and strengthen patient care.
This year's conference promises an outstanding scientific programme, engaging discussions, valuable networking opportunities, and inspiring innovations that will continue to shape the future of digestive health in Ethiopia.
Join us as we count down to another remarkable EGA Conference.
See you on 1 August in Addis Ababa!
#6DaysToGo #EGA2026 #EthiopianGastroenterologyAssociation #Gastroenterology #Hepatology #Endoscopy #DigestiveHealth #MedicalEducation #Research #Healthcare #AddisAbaba #Ethiopia
@HakimEthio | 5 001 |
| 7 | Who is responsible for epilepsy?
One of the hardest moments in the pediatric neurology clinic is seeing parents blame themselves after their child is diagnosed with epilepsy.
Many ask: "Did I do something wrong?" "Could I have prevented this?"
The answer is often no.
Epilepsy is not a single disease—it is a condition with many causes. Some children develop epilepsy because of genetic changes, brain malformations, or developmental disorders that parents could not have prevented. Parents should never carry unnecessary guilt for these conditions.
However, some causes of epilepsy are preventable. These include brain injury from birth asphyxia, severe newborn jaundice (kernicterus), central nervous system infections such as meningitis, head trauma, stroke, and some metabolic disorders if recognised and treated early.
This creates what many families experience as a double jeopardy:
The child lives with epilepsy and its physical, educational, and social challenges.
The caregivers carry emotional pain, guilt, and often social stigma.
As healthcare professionals and as a society, our responsibility is not to assign blame but to prevent what is preventable, treat what is treatable, and support every family with compassion.
How can we reduce preventable epilepsy?
Ensure quality antenatal, delivery, and newborn care.
Prevent and promptly treat birth asphyxia.
Detect and treat neonatal jaundice early.
Vaccinate children and treat meningitis and encephalitis promptly.
Prevent head injuries through road safety and safe environments.
Improve access to emergency and neurological care.
Educate communities that epilepsy is a medical condition—not a curse or a punishment.
To every parent caring for a child with epilepsy: You are not alone, and in most cases, you are not to blame. Your love, support, and adherence to treatment are among the most powerful medicines your child can receive.
References
- World Health Organization. Epilepsy (updated 2024).
- International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE). Classification and concepts of epilepsy.
- Beghi E, et al. Recommendation for a definition of acute symptomatic seizure. Epilepsia. 2010.
- Thurman DJ, et al. Standards for epidemiologic studies and surveillance of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2011.
Dr. Yimer Seid: Final year Pediatrics Resident
@HakimEthio | 4 970 |
| 8 | Perhaps the next major advance in diabetes care will not come from another glucose-lowering drug, but from designing lifestyle interventions that patients can realistically integrate into everyday life for decades. Durable remission may depend less on extraordinary discipline than on creating therapeutic strategies that work with human physiology rather than against it.
References
1. Riddle MC, et al. Consensus Report: Definition and Interpretation of Remission in Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2021;44:2438–2444.
2. Lean MEJ, Leslie WS, Barnes AC, et al. Primary care-led weight management for remission of type 2 diabetes (DiRECT). Lancet. 2018;391:541–551.
3. Leslie WS, et al. Five-year outcomes of the DiRECT trial. Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology. 2024.
4. Taylor R. Type 2 diabetes: etiology and reversibility. Diabetes Care. 2013;36:1047–1055.
5. American Diabetes Association. Standards of Care in Diabetes. Latest edition.
6. Davies MJ, et al. Management of Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes: ADA/EASD Consensus Report. Diabetes Care. 2022.
7. Hall KD, Kahan S. Maintenance of Lost Weight and Long-Term Management of Obesity. Medical Clinics of North America. 2018;102:183–197.
8. Leidy HJ, et al. The Role of Protein in Weight Loss and Maintenance. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2015;101(Suppl):1320S–1329S.
9. Phillips SM. Current Concepts and Unresolved Questions in Dietary Protein Requirements. Frontiers in Nutrition. 2017;4:13.
10. Colberg SR, et al. Physical Activity/Exercise and Diabetes: A Position Statement of the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care. 2016;39:2065–2079.
Dr. Berry Dubiso, MD
Dr Berry Right Medical Consultancy Contact & Location
📞 0911581692
DrBerry Health Consultancy
Gerji (Totot), Addis Ababa
Right Medical Consultancy
Bole, DH Geda Tower, Addis Ababa
Service registration link: https://form.drberrydubiso.com
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/share/15ku8YYkV8X/?mibextid=wwXIfr
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@HakimEthio | 4 857 |
| 9 | Type 2 Diabetes Remission Is Achievable:The Missing Question Is Whether We Have Been Prescribing Sustainable Lifestyle Medicine
For generations, physicians have been taught that type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an inevitably progressive disease. The expected clinical course is familiar to every endocrinologist: lifestyle advice is followed by oral antihyperglycemic agents, then combination therapy, and eventually insulin as pancreatic β-cell function gradually declines.
This model has undoubtedly improved the treatment of hyperglycemia and reduced diabetes-related complications. Yet the last two decades have forced us to reconsider one fundamental assumption: is the disease itself inevitably progressive, or have many of our lifestyle interventions simply been poorly designed for long-term human physiology?
The recognition of diabetes remission by the American Diabetes Association (ADA), the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD), the Endocrine Society, and Diabetes UK represents one of the most important paradigm shifts in modern diabetology. Their international consensus defines remission as maintaining glycemic values below the diagnostic threshold for diabetes for at least three months without glucose-lowering medication.
While remission is not synonymous with cure, its formal recognition acknowledges an important biological reality: in many patients, the metabolic abnormalities driving type 2 diabetes are reversible to a clinically meaningful extent.
This change did not arise from theory alone. Bariatric surgery consistently produces remission in a large proportion of appropriately selected patients. The DiRECT trial demonstrated that intensive weight-loss intervention delivered in primary care could induce remission in nearly half of participants after one year, with durability closely related to sustained weight loss.
Other structured lifestyle programs have likewise shown that prolonged improvements in glycemic control and substantial reductions in medication use are achievable. Collectively, these studies demonstrate that progression is not biologically inevitable. Under appropriate metabolic conditions, the disease process can move in the opposite direction.
Despite this growing evidence, one concern continues to dominate discussions among clinicians: sustainability. Many physicians readily accept that remission can occur but remain skeptical that patients can maintain the necessary lifestyle changes throughout life. This concern is understandable, yet it raises an important question. Have patients truly failed lifestyle medicine, or has lifestyle medicine often failed patients?
Historically, conventional lifestyle treatment has largely emphasized calorie restriction. Patients were instructed to eat less, tolerate hunger, and increase physical activity, often with relatively little attention to dietary satiety, preservation of lean body mass, resistance exercise, or the biological adaptations that accompany weight loss. While such approaches frequently produce short-term success, long-term maintenance has been considerably less impressive.
This outcome should not be surprising. Weight loss activates powerful homeostatic responses that favor weight regain. Leptin concentrations decline, ghrelin concentrations increase, resting energy expenditure falls, and appetite intensifies. Simultaneously, insufficient dietary protein and inadequate resistance exercise frequently result in loss of skeletal muscle during weight reduction, reducing both metabolic rate and functional capacity.
Under these physiological conditions, maintaining weight loss becomes progressively more difficult. Failure in this setting should not automatically be interpreted as a failure of motivation; it may instead reflect the predictable consequences of prescribing interventions that oppose normal human physiology.
Perhaps the more important question is not whether patients can sustain lifestyle modification, but whether physicians are prescribing lifestyle interventions that are themselves sustainable.
Several characteristics consistently distinguish successful long-term interventions. Adequate dietary protein improves satiety, preserves lean body mass, supports functional capacity, and modestly increases thermogenesis. Resistance exercise maintains skeletal muscle, enhances insulin sensitivity through both insulin-dependent and insulin-independent mechanisms, improves mitochondrial function, and preserves resting metabolic rate during weight loss. Daily walking and other forms of habitual physical activity improve glucose disposal while requiring relatively little recovery or specialized equipment. Importantly, these interventions do more than improve glycemic control; they improve physical function, independence, and quality of life.
Behavioral science provides another important perspective. Long-term adherence rarely depends on extraordinary willpower. Instead, sustainable behaviors gradually become habits that require progressively less conscious effort. Patients who consistently prepare protein-rich meals, walk daily, or perform resistance training several times per week often report that these behaviors eventually become part of their normal routine rather than a continuous struggle. Clinical improvements further reinforce adherence. As fatigue diminishes, mobility improves, medications are reduced, and glycemic control normalizes, healthier behaviors become increasingly rewarding. Success itself becomes a powerful motivator.
None of this suggests that diabetes remission is permanent or effortless. Individuals who achieve remission remain biologically susceptible to recurrence, particularly if substantial weight regain occurs or physical activity declines. Continued clinical follow-up therefore remains essential. Remission should be viewed as successful long-term disease control rather than permanent elimination of disease susceptibility.
However, acknowledging the possibility of relapse should not obscure an equally important observation. Human physiology does not adapt only in ways that promote weight regain. It also adapts positively to regular resistance exercise, adequate protein intake, improved sleep, habitual physical activity, and reductions in ectopic fat. Over time, these adaptations may reduce hunger, improve functional capacity, enhance metabolic flexibility, and make healthy behaviors progressively easier to maintain. The early phase of lifestyle change is often the most difficult; for many patients, maintenance becomes substantially less demanding than initiation.
This distinction carries important implications for modern endocrinology. The challenge may no longer be proving that diabetes remission is possible. That question has largely been answered. The greater challenge is determining which lifestyle interventions are most compatible with long-term human biology. Programs designed to preserve skeletal muscle, maximize satiety, minimize chronic hunger, encourage habitual movement, and provide structured clinical support are likely to be more sustainable than approaches based primarily on prolonged caloric deprivation. The difference is subtle but important. Rather than asking patients to continuously resist their physiology, we should aim to align treatment with it.
The history of medicine repeatedly reminds us that therapeutic paradigms evolve as new evidence emerges. The belief that type 2 diabetes is uniformly progressive developed during an era when our understanding of obesity biology, skeletal muscle physiology, appetite regulation, and behavioral science was far less sophisticated than it is today. Current evidence does not suggest that remission is universal, nor does it imply that medication has become unnecessary. It does, however, challenge the assumption that lifelong deterioration is inevitable and invites us to reconsider how lifestyle medicine should be prescribed. | 3 679 |
| 10 | Нет текста... | 3 742 |
| 11 | 🤷♂ የካንሰር ቀዶ ሕክምና ሰብ-ስፔሻሊስታችንን ያለ ቀናት ቀጠሮ ያግኙ!
ከፍተኛ እና ውስብስብ የካንሰር ቀዶ ሕክምናዎችን እንዲሁም አጠቃላይ ቀዶ ሕክምናዎችን በከፍተኛ ብቃት የሚያከናውኑትን ሐኪማችንን ከእንግዲህ የቀናት ቀጠሮ ሳይጠብቁ በማንኛውም የሥራ ሰዓት በያኔት የድንገተኛ አደጋዎችና የቀዶ ሕክምና ማዕከል ማግኘት ይችላሉ።
👨⚕️ ዶ/ር እውነቱ ዘለቀ የጠቅላላ ቀዶ ሕክምና ስፔሻሊስት እና የካንሰር ቀዶ ሕክምና ሰብ-ስፔሻሊስት የሚሰጡ አገልግሎቶች
✅ የአጠቃላይ ቀዶ ሕክምና ምክር እና ቀዶ ሕክምና
✅ የካንሰር ምርመራ፣ ምክር እና ቀዶ ሕክምና
✅ የጡት ካንሰር ቀዶ ሕክምና
✅ የእንቅርት እና የእንቅርት ካንሰር ቀዶ ሕክምና
✅ የጨጓራ ካንሰር ቀዶ ሕክምና
✅ የአንጀት ካንሰር ምክርና ቀዶ ሕክምና
ከምክር እስከ ውስብስብ ቀዶ ሕክምና ድረስ በአንድ ማዕከል የተሟላ እና ጥራት ያለው አገልግሎት ያግኙ።
ይጎብኙን፤ በአገልግሎታችን ረክተው ይመለሳሉ!
ለጤናዎ ዘብ ቆመናል!
📍 ያኔት የድንገተኛ አደጋዎችና የቀዶ ሕክምና ማዕከል
አድራሻ: ሀዋሳ ፣ ሜምቦ ሰፈር
📞 0937 55 78 78 | 9403
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ይወዳጁን
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📞 0937 55 78 78 | 9403
@HakimEthio | 3 935 |
| 12 | Best of luck to C2 students of Bahir Dar & Jigjiga University who will start their qualification exam tomorrow.
@HakimEthio | 3 195 |
| 13 | 🔍 Forensic Case Spotlight: The Minor Cut That Killed 🔍
The Scenario: A healthy 28-year-old man developed an infected cut on his right index finger. Despite antibiotics, it progressed to purulent swelling, fever, night sweats, and weight loss, ending in fatal sepsis. Routine immune tests were normal, and cultures grew unusual organisms.
Autopsy Findings:
External: Chronic ulcerated wound on the right index finger; cachectic body.
Critical Discovery: Massive, firm spleen studded with yellowish-white nodules; sectioning revealed numerous abscesses and granulomas.
Liver: Enlarged with similar granulomatous lesions.
Lungs: Multiple firm nodules, suggesting chronic fungal/mycobacterial infection.
Lymph Nodes: Widespread enlargement.
Histopathology: Not done, due to unavailability at the time.
The Diagnosis: Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD) with Disseminated Infection.
Gross Examination Clues:
1) Enlarged Nodular Spleen: Key clue to CGD in a young adult with recurrent infections.
2) Granulomas: Yellowish-white nodules indicated granulomatous inflammation.
3) Widespread Abscesses: Reflected a defect in killing bacteria/fungi – the hallmark of CGD.
The Science: His immune system wasn't weak; it lacked NADPH oxidase to produce reactive oxygen species. Without this, white blood cells couldn't kill engulfed microbes. A minor cut seeded his bloodstream with organisms his body couldn't destroy.
Why It Matters:
- Clinicians: Recurrent/persistent infections in young adults may signal immunodeficiency; family history is key.
- Pathologists: An enlarged spleen with granulomas/abscesses should prompt CGD consideration.
- Families: CGD is X-linked or autosomal recessive. Posthumous diagnosis enables genetic counseling and early screening of relatives, potentially saving lives.
💡 Takeaway: A young man died from a cut his body couldn't fight. His autopsy diagnosed a hidden genetic condition, giving his family the knowledge to protect themselves. In forensic medicine, the dead teach lessons that save the living.
Further reading materials
1) Chronic granulomatous disease: lessons in cell biology from monogenic immunodeficiency (Mortimer et al., Clinical & Experimental Immunology, 2025).
2) McKinney, C., & Ambruso, D. (2025). Non-Infectious Complications of Chronic Granulomatous Disease
[Based on real case scenarios but have been redrafted, findings and specifics are changed for medico-legal reasons.]
Dr. Tesfaye G. Sadam, MD, MPH, Forensic medicine and toxicology specialist
@HakimEthio | 3 824 |
| 14 | WAXAA AAD INOOGU SOO BADANAAYA noogu KALYA XANUUNKA BULSHO AHAAN.
Ma ogtahay bulshadu in cudurka macaan ka oon la xakamayn uu yahay ka ugu badan ee sababa inuu kalyuhu gabaan shaqadoodii?
Mise ma ogtahay inuu dhiig karku yahay ka labaad ee ugu badan ee keena xanuunka kalyaha?
Markaa saan uga hortagno cudarka kalya xanuunka waa inaan bulshadeena ku wacyi galinaa xakamaynta labadan cudur ood moodu bulshadu inayna uba jeedin inay aqbalaan oo ay dawadooda joogteeyaan.
Aad bay ii dhibtaa markaan arko qof kalyuhu shaqadoodii u gabeen dhiig kar ama macaan uu xakamayn waayey owgeed.
Bulshadu waa inay ogaataa maal ka ku bixi kara in macaan ama dhiig kar la xakameeyo aad ayuu u yaryahay lkn qof ka mar haday kalyuhu shaqadoodii gabaan malaayiin xittaa ma soo celin doonto shaqadoodii
Markaa bulshada waxaan ku waanin lahaa inay fiira gaara siiyaan mowduucan oo aynu si wada jir ah uga shaqayno badbaadinta umadeena!!
Wax yaabaha kala ee keena kalya xanuunka way badan yihiin lkn labadaas cudur ayaa hormuud u ah waana laba cudur oo xakamayn toodu dhib yartahay ee fadlan abaabul badan iyo wacyi gilin balaadhan aynu bulshadeena u samayno. Qaybaha kala duwan ee bahda caafimaadkuna waa inay doorkooda ka ciyaarto dhisida wacyiga bulshada.
Anagu ka dhakhaariir ahaan diyaar Baan unahay inaan door hormuud ah ka qaadano kordhinta wacyiga bulshada
Fadlan aynu xakamayno macaan ka iyo dhiig karka si aynu bulshadeena uga badnaadino saamaynta baahsan ee kalya xanuunku ku hayo bulshadeena
Dr Mohammed Abdihaye mohammed, Assistant professor of Internal medicine at JJU Shiek Hassen Yabarre comprehensive specialized Hospital.
@HakimEthio | 4 211 |
| 15 | Message from Dr. Khat Kuet Dup: Information About My Arrest
On 22 July, at around 11:40 a.m., I was working in the Emergency Department as a Medical Doctor. I was wearing my white coat over my scrubs, with my stethoscope around my neck.
I was on my way to the pharmacy to facilitate obtaining medication for a one-year-old female toddler who had been linked from the Under-5 OPD for emergency management.
After quickly assessing her, I diagnosed her with Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia (SCAP) with a first episode of wheezing. She was in respiratory distress with audible wheezing.
To save the child's life, I immediately ordered IV access and other necessary emergency medications. I then gave the prescription to the child's mother so she could collect the medications from the pharmacy.
After approximately 2 minutes I saw the mother from pharmacy, I noticed there were many people waiting in line, and the child's mother still waiting. I realised that any further delay could endanger the child's life, so I decided to go to the pharmacy myself to help facilitate the medication.
As I was approaching the pharmacy, I suddenly saw police officers, led by the Head of the Nuer Zone Crime Prevention Office, searching for someone they had been ordered to arrest by one of the hospital officials. When I saw the police, I became frightened and wondered what was happening in the hospital.
At that time, the only issue I knew about was the ongoing disagreement regarding duty payment for Ginbot and Sene which we didn't received until todate.
The hospital management had held several meetings with hospital staff—including doctors, nurses, midwives, and other health professionals—to persuade them to accept a old duty payment calculation of 16 hours for weekdays and 48 hours for weekends and holidays, with payment rates of 57 Birr per hour or 45 Birr per hour, rather then new calculations of 22 hours, 48 hours, and 60 hours, respectively.
Some staff, mainly supporting staff, accepted the proposal of being paid as per previous rates calculation. However, most staffs on clinical work refused, insisting that they should be paid according to the new duty payment scale issued by the Federal Ministry of Health and the Regional Health Bureau. Despite several meetings, no agreement was reached.
On the morning of 22 July, the hospital CEO and the Hospital Chief Clinical Director (Medical Director) held a meeting in the CEO's office. At the time, no one knew the purpose or agenda of the meeting. It was later revealed that the discussion was related to the duty payment issue.
During the meeting, they reportedly disagreed, exchanged insults, and eventually became involved in a physical fight inside the CEO's office. I do not know who initiated the confrontation. They were separated, and the CEO immediately called the police to arrest the Medical Director.
When I saw the police officers, I assumed they had come to arrest the clinical staffs because of the ongoing duty payment dispute between hospital management and staffs . I had no knowledge that a fight had occurred between the CEO and the Medical Director.
As the officers approached through pharmacy, I said, "Please identify the problem for the arrest before making the arrest." Those words alone became the reason I was targeted.
The Head of the Nuer Zone Crime Prevention Office and the police officers immediately began insulting me and then physically assaulted me. They repeatedly beat me until I fell to the ground. Even after I had fallen, they continued kicking me several times in the head with their boots, causing multiple soft tissue injuries. Throughout the assault, I was wearing my white doctor's coat, as was later shown in the media and for your surprise they were beating me in front of the patients .
After assaulting me, they took me into custody together with the Medical Director and the CEO. Upon arriving at the police station, they stopped me at the entrance, beat me again, and repeatedly kicked me with their boots before taking me inside the detention area.
I was detained together with 10 other hospital staff members, including the MCH Midwifery Head, nurses, and health officers making the total number to 13. We remained in detention for approximately seven hours before being released on bail.
The following day, I was detained again at 4:00 p.m. and released at 9:00 p.m. On 24 July, I was arrested again at approximately 6:00 a.m. and released at 1:00 p.m.
The same day, news of our arrest spread through the media. Regional government officials and the Ethiopian Human Rights Commission reportedly became aware of the incident and raised concerns regarding the arrest, humiliation, and alleged unjust treatment carried out by the police officers and their superior.
The following hospital staff members were later detained personally by the Head of the Nuer Zone Crime Prevention Office because, according to him, they had damaged his reputation by posting to the media and criticising him for assaulting a doctor:
1- Emergency Department Head Nurse
2- MCH Midwifery Head
3- Hospital Former Head of Planning and Programmes
They are currently being released on bail
Message from Dr. Khat D: your brother, colleague, former classmates, former students
Graduate class of 2026 from Jigjiga University school of Medicine and Jigjiga University Sheikh Hassan Yabare Comprehensive specialized Hospital
@HakimEthio | 4 535 |
| 16 | Нет текста... | 4 233 |
| 17 | Should health professionals follow social media trend or their professional mission?
I see many medical and health education posts focusing on rare diseases, unusual cases, or controversial topics. They attract attention, generate engagement, and often fit what social media algorithms reward. There is certainly value in discussing these conditions, but I wonder whether we have lost sight of our priorities.
As a country, can we afford to focus our limited educational efforts on what is most likely to go viral rather than what causes the greatest burden of disease?
It takes years of rigorous training and substantial public investment to produce healthcare professionals. Our primary responsibility is not simply to entertain or chase trends—it is to educate, prevent disease, and improve the health of our communities.
Until health literacy reaches a level where people can easily distinguish what is fascinating from what is truly important, we have a professional and ethical responsibility to guide that conversation. Our educational efforts should reflect the realities our patients face every day.
Millions continue to be affected by malaria, tuberculosis, HIV, hepatitis and the rapidly growing epidemic of non-communicable diseases such as hypertension and diabetes. These conditions deserve sustained public attention, not because they are fashionable, but because they continue to claim lives and place enormous strain on families and the healthcare system.
Our oath is to serve the public with honesty and integrity. That means speaking about the diseases that matter most, even when they are not the topics the algorithm rewards. Public health should lead our content—not the market for clicks.
Dr. Mengisteab Kasahun: MD, Assistant Professor of Internal Medicine
Salale University
@HakimEthio | 4 066 |
| 18 | White coat ceremony of Wachemo University, 2026.
From dreams to white coats—today we wear the symbol of responsibility, compassion, and hope. The journey continues.
"A white coat is more than a uniform; it's a promise to serve, heal, and care. Proud to celebrate this milestone with my classmates. 🎉👩⚕️👨⚕️
#WhiteCoatCeremony #FutureDoctors"
@HakimEthio | 5 117 |
| 19 | የቤት ውስጥ ጥቃት ወይም የቅርብ ጓደኛ ጥቃት (Intimate partner violence - IPV)
✍️የቤት ውስጥ ጥቃት ወይም የቅርብ ጓደኛ ጥቃት (Intimate partner violence-IPV) የምንለው በgynecology ዲፓርትመንት ውስጥ ብዙ ግዜ የሚያጋጥመን ነገር ነው።
👉በዓለም አቀፍ ደረጃ እስከ ከ15-70% ፆታዊ ግንኙነቶች ውስጥ ሊከሰት ይችላል። እንደየሀገራቱ ይለያያል።በኢትዮጵያ የEDHS 2016 ሪፖርት 34% ቢልም ሌሎች ጥናቶች ከ50% በላይ እንደሆነ ያስቀምጣሉ።
✍️ከቤት ውስጥ ጥቃቶች ውስጥ የቅርብ ጓደኛ ጥቃት የበለጠ በብዛት ይገኛል። በወንዶችም ላይ የመከሰት እድሉ አለ መጠኑ ከሴቶች ቢያንስም (~15%)።
👉የቅርብ ጓደኛ ጥቃት (Intimate Partner Violence) ፆታዊ ትንኮሳ (እስከ መድፈር)፣ አካላዊ ጥቃት (መምታትን ጨምሮ)፣ ማስፈራራት፣ ከልክ በላይ መቆጣጠር። ብዙ ጊዜ አካላዊ ጥቃት ከሌሎች በኋላ ነው ሚመጣው። ተያያዥ ናቸው። አካላዊ ጥቃት የሚደርስባት ፆታዊ ጥቃት አብሮ ሊደርስባት ይችላል።
✍️አጋላጭ ምክንያቶች
ሴት መሆን በራሱ አጋላጭ ሲሆን አለመማር… ሥራ አጥ መሆን፣ በጓደኛቸው የኢኮኖሚ ተደጋፊ ሲሆኑ፣ ድባቴ ውስጥ መሆን፣ አጥቂው በኢኮኖሚም ሆነ በሌላ የበለጠ የበላይ ሲሆን፣ አጥቂው ቅናታዊ ተቆጣጣሪ ባህሪ ሲኖረው፣ እንዲሁም የገቢና የትምህርት ልዩነት መኖር የበለጠ አጋላጭ ሊሆኑ ይችላሉ። በተጨማሪም አጥቂው የልጅነት ጉዳት (childhood trauma) ካለበት፣ የሥራ ና የኑሮ አለመረጋጋት ካለበት፣ እንዲሁም እፅ ተጠቃሚ ከሆነ የማጥቃት ዝንባሌ ሊኖረው ይችላል።
👉በማህበረሰብ ደረጃ ደግሞ ድህነት፣ የሴቶችን መብት የሚጠብቁ ተቋማት ጠንካራ አለመሆን፣ ድርጊቱ ሲፈፀም የሚወሰነው ቅጣት አነስተኛ መሆንና ሴቶች በማህበረሰቡ ያላቸው ወግ (ቤት ውስጥ መሆን አለባቸው፣ መጨቆን አለባቸው … የሚባል ከሆነ) ለሴቶች ጥቃት በር ይከፍታል።
✍️ብዙ ጊዜ ራስ ምታት፣ የወገብ ህመም፣ የደረት ህመም፣ የማህፀን ህመም፣ የአባለዘር በሽታ የሽንት ቧንቧ ኢንፌክሽኖች የመሳሰሉት በተደጋጋሚ የሚያማቸው ሰዎች (ሴቶች) ቤት ውስጥ የቅርብ ጓደኛ ጥቃት እየተፈፀመባቸው ሊሆን ይችላል።
👉 በቅርብ ጓደኛ ጥቃት ምክንያት ለሥነልቦና ችግር (ድባቴ፣ ጭንቀት፣ የእንቅልፍ ችግር፣ ከጉዳት በኋላ የአእምሮ ህመም፣ ራስን ማጥፋት (Suicide)….)፣ ለአካላዊ ጉዳት፣ ላልተፈለገ እርግዝና፣ የልጆች ጉዳት ሊያስከትል ይችላል።
✍️ የቤት ውስጥ ጥቃት የደረሰባት ሴት ህክምና ቦታ ብትሄድ ምን ሊደረግላት ይችላል?
ደህንነቷን ለማስጠበቅና የራሷን ውሳኔ መወሰን እንድትችል ይሞከራል። ይህም ምን ያህል ለተጨማሪ ጥቃት ተጋለጭ እንደሆነች በመገምገም እና የሥነልቦና ድጋፍ በመስጠት እንዲሁም በዚህ ጉዳይ የሚሰሩ ድርጅቶችን በማሳታፍ ነው።
👉የሥነልቦና ድጋፍ:— ይህ የመጀመሪያው ሊደረግላት የሚገባው ነገር ሲሆን በዚህም የሥነልቦና ድጋፍ በማድረግ መረዳት እና ማበርታት ማለት ነው። ይህም ርህራሄ (Empathy) በማሳየት የደረሰባት ነገር በሷ ጥፋት እንዳልሆነ እና በአጥቂው ያልተገራ ባህሪ እንደሆነ አስረግጦ በመንገር፣ ግላዊ ምስጢሯን በመጠበቅ ባለመፍረድ እና ባለመጫን መረዳት እና እገዛን ማድረግ ያስፈልጋል።
✍️እገዛ ስንል ርህራሄ (empathy) በማሳየት በከባድ ሁኔታ ውስጥ እንዳለች በመረዳት ይህ እንደማይገባት በአፅንዖት መግለፅ ያስፈጋል።
👉የጥቃቱን አደገኝነት እና መጠን ምን ያህል እንደሆነም በደንብ መለየት መመዘን ያስፈልጋል። ለህይወት የሚያሰጋ ለሞት የሚያደርስ ሊሆን ስለሚችል በተቀመጡ የተለያዩ መለኪያዎች (Assessment Tools) በመጠቀም መለየት ያስፈልጋል። ከሚሰጠው እገዛ በተጨማሪ ከህግ አካላት ጋር ለማገናኘትና እርዳታ እንድታገኝም ለማገዝ ይጠቅማል።
✍️ አጥቂው ከቤቱ ውጪም አስቸጋሪ ከሆነ፣ ለልጆች ለጓደኛ አስቸጋሪ አይነት ከሆነ፣ የሚያስፈራራት ከሆነ፣ ተቆጣጣሪ አይነት ባህሮ ካለው፣ እፅ ተጠቃሚ ከሆነ፣ ከዚህ በፊት ጉዳት አድርሶ የሚያውቅ ከሆነ፣ እና የጦር መሣርያ የሚይዝ ከሆነ ወደፊትም አደጋ የማድረስ እድሉ ከፍ ያለ ይሆናል።
👉በአጠቃላይ:—— የደረሰባትን ጉዳት ከማከም በተጨማሪ
-የሥነ ልቦና ድጋፍ
-የደረሰባትን ጉዳት በደንብ መሰነድ (ለህግ ክፍል ሊያስፈልግ ስለሚችል)
-በዚህ ጉዳይ የሚሰሩ ድርጅቶች ወይም ማህበራት ጋር እንድትገናኝ መርዳት
-ህጋዊ እርዳታ እንድታገኝ ማመቻቸት
ያስፈልጋል።
References
1. William 4th edition
2. UpToDate 2025
3. EDHS 2016
4. Chernet, A.G., Cherie, K.T. Prevalence of intimate partner violence against women and associated factors in Ethiopia. BMC Women's Health 20, 22 (2020).
#gynecology #intimatepartnerviolence #sexualabuse #share
ዶ/ር ዘላለም ግርማ የማህፀንና የፅንስ ስፔሻሊስት
@HakimEthio | 5 824 |
| 20 | To all Dentists & Maxillofacial Surgeons
When you are planning a complex third-molar extraction, managing a failing root canal, planning a complex implant placement or assessing a massive jaw fracture, your treatment plan is only as good as your diagnostic clarity.
At Ethio Tebib Hospital, we recognize that you need crystal-clear imaging without making your patients clear out their savings accounts. To eliminate patient financial delays and streamline your clinical workflow, we have completely overhauled our dental imaging framework with premium tech and significantly lowered, patient-friendly pricing.
🔍 Diagnostic Modalities Available Instantly
✅ CBCT 3D Imaging: Precision spatial data for implant tracking, endodontics, and bone volume/jaw assessments.
✅ Panoramic (OPG) X-Ray: Fast, comprehensive full-jaw views and TMJ evaluations.
✅ Cephalometric X-Ray: Accurate tracking for orthodontic planning and detailed craniofacial analysis.
✅ Segmental / Periapical X-Ray: Targeted, crisp localized views.
💼 Why Refer to Ethio Tebib?
Patient-Friendly Rates: Our revised, highly discounted pricing framework ensures your patients can actually get the scans you order today, not next month.
Clinical-Grade Resolution: High-fidelity imaging from advanced machines to minimize artifact errors and support confident surgical decisions.
The Surgeon's Express Line: Skip the hospital bureaucracy. Enjoy direct, peer-to-peer coordination and priority scheduling slots for your clinic's referrals.
🤝 Let's collaborate. Keep your patients' diagnostics sharp and their costs low.
📞 Direct Referral Lines: 0998059685 | 0998089686
Our address is located on the road leading to Kolfe, Masalemiya Sefereselam.
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🩺 𝐄𝐭𝐡𝐢𝐨-𝐓𝐞𝐛𝐢𝐛 𝐇𝐨𝐬𝐩𝐢𝐭𝐚𝐥
We always strive for your health!
@HakimEthio | 4 979 |
