UPSC Art and culture
Open in Telegram
The Art and Culture is not only part of Exam Syllabus, it is part of our culture, society, rich heritage and epitome of our glorious past and present times. Join us to learn and explore it. š @studuent_life_bot
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Network:š Analytical overview of Telegram channel UPSC Art and culture
Channel UPSC Art and culture (@upsc_art_and_culture) in the English language segment is an active participant. Currently, the community unites 28 444 subscribers, ranking 6 781 in the Education category and 14 495 in the India region.
š Audience metrics and dynamics
Since its creation on Š½ŠµŠ²ŃŠ“Š¾Š¼Š¾, the project has demonstrated rapid growth, gathering an audience of 28 444 subscribers.
According to the latest data from 25 August, 2026, the channel demonstrates stable activity. Although there has been a change in the number of participants by -437 over the last 30 days and by -14 over the last 24 hours, overall reach remains high.
- Verification status: Not verified
- Engagement rate (ER): The average audience engagement rate is 1.28%. Within the first 24 hours after publication, content typically collects 0.79% reactions from the total number of subscribers.
- Post reach: On average, each post receives 365 views. Within the first day, a publication typically gains 225 views.
- Reactions and interaction: The audience actively supports content: the average number of reactions per post is 2.
- Thematic interests: Content is focused on key topics such as prelim, upsc, temple, prelims, topper.
š Description and content policy
The author describes the resource as a platform for expressing subjective opinions:
āThe Art and Culture is not only part of Exam Syllabus, it is part of our culture, society, rich heritage and epitome of our glorious past and present times.
Join us to learn and explore it.
š @studuent_life_botā
Thanks to the high frequency of updates (latest data received on 26 August, 2026), the channel maintains relevance and a high level of publication reach. Analytics show that the audience actively interacts with content, making it an important point of influence in the Education category.
28 444
Subscribers
-1424 hours
-1027 days
-43730 days
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Channel Posts
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| 2 | š Sarnath Inscribed on UNESCO World Heritage List
š Why in News?
š¢ The Ancient Buddhist Site of Sarnath has been inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List at the 48th Session of the World Heritage Committee in Busan, South Korea.
š¢ With this, Indiaās total UNESCO World Heritage properties have risen to 45.
š About Sarnath
š¢ Located in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, Sarnath is one of the four principal Buddhist pilgrimage sites associated with the life of Gautama Buddha.
š¢ It is the place where Gautama Buddha delivered his first sermon in the 6th century BCE.
š¢ The sermon is known as Dharmachakra Pravartana or the āTurning of the Wheel of the Lawā.
š¢ It marked the beginning of the Buddhist Sangha and establishment of the principles of the Noble Eightfold Path.
š Components of the UNESCO Site
š¢ Chaukhandi Stupa
š¢ Dhamek Stupa
š¢ Dharmarajika Stupa
š¢ Mulagandhakuti Vihara
š¢ Ashokan Pillar
š¢ Other archaeological remains of Sarnath.
š UNESCO Criteria
š¢ Criterion (iii): Recognises Sarnathās enduring spiritual significance as one of the four principal Buddhist pilgrimage destinations.
š¢ Criterion (vi): Recognises its direct association with significant events in Buddhaās life, particularly his first sermon and meeting with his first disciples.
š Road to UNESCO Recognition
š¢ Added to Indiaās Tentative List in 1998.
š¢ Nomination submitted to the World Heritage Committee in January 2025.
š¢ Followed by an 18-month evaluation process, including technical meetings and an ICOMOS evaluation mission.
š¢ Inscribed in 2026 at the 48th World Heritage Committee session.
š Indiaās UNESCO Position
š¢ India now has 45 World Heritage properties ā 37 cultural, 7 natural and 1 mixed.
š¢ India ranks 6th globally and 2nd in the Asia-Pacific region.
š¢ Indiaās Tentative List currently has 69 properties.
š Significance
š¢ Strengthens Indiaās identity as the birthplace of Buddhism.
š¢ Enhances cultural and civilisational ties with Buddhist countries.
š¢ Three of the four principal Buddhist pilgrimage sites are now UNESCO World Heritage Sites: Lumbini, Bodh Gaya and Sarnath.
š¢ Supports sustainable tourism while protecting the siteās authenticity and integrity.
š Heritage Conservation Initiatives
š¢ Adopt a Heritage 2.0: 30 MoUs signed as of March 2026; adopted monuments recorded 13.59 million visitors in FY 2024ā25.
š¢ Gyan Bharatam Mission: Focuses on preservation and digitisation of Indiaās manuscript heritage.
š¢ National Manuscript Survey: Over 1.19 crore manuscripts reported.
š¢ National Mission on Monuments and Antiquities: Documented 1.84 lakh monuments and 17.20 lakh antiquities as of March 2026.
šÆ Mains Application:
š¢ Sarnathās UNESCO recognition highlights how heritage conservation, cultural diplomacy and sustainable tourism can strengthen Indiaās civilisational soft power.
#prelims
#art_and_culture
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https://t.me/upsc_art_and_culture | 83 |
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| 6 | š Dhrupad
š What is Dhrupad?
š¢ Dhrupad is one of the oldest and most traditional forms of Hindustani classical music, known for its serious, meditative and spiritual character.
š¢ It emphasises the precise and systematic development of a raga.
š Origin & Evolution
š¢ Its roots are traditionally associated with Vedic chanting, particularly the Samaveda tradition.
š¢ References to early forms of Indian music can be found in ancient texts such as the Natya Shastra.
š¢ It flourished under royal patronage, particularly during the reign of Akbar.
š¢ Raja Man Singh Tomar of Gwalior played an important role in the development and patronage of Dhrupad.
š Key Features
š¢ Alap: Slow and gradual introduction and development of the raga without rhythmic accompaniment.
š¢ Composed Section: Followed by a structured composition with rhythm and lyrics.
š¢ Spiritual Character: Emphasises deep, slow and resonant singing, traditionally using sacred syllables.
š¢ Raga Development: Focuses on disciplined exploration of the melodic structure of the raga.
š Famous Exponents
š¢ Tansen ā celebrated musician in Akbarās court.
š¢ Swami Haridas ā renowned saint, musician and teacher of the tradition.
š¢ Baiju Bawra ā associated with the historical Dhrupad tradition.
š Prelims Focus
š¢ Dhrupad ā Hindustani Classical Music
š¢ Nature ā Serious, meditative & spiritual
š¢ Important patron ā Raja Man Singh Tomar of Gwalior
š¢ Famous musician ā Tansen
š¢ Key element ā Alap + composed section
#prelims
#art_and_culture
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https://t.me/upsc_art_and_culture | 355 |
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š Topics Covered:
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| 9 |  š Vishwakarma Cave (Barabar Hills)
š Location & Period
ā
Located in Barabar Hills, Jehanabad district, Bihar
ā
Dates to Mauryan period (3rd century BCE)
š Other Name
ā
Also known as Vishwamitra Cave
š Architectural Features
ā
Comprises two rectangular chambers
ā
Front chamber is open like an extended porch/verandah
ā
Rock-cut from solid granite with characteristic Mauryan polish
š Access
ā
Approach through the famous āAshoka Stepsā carved into the cliff
š Historical Significance
ā
Emperor Ashoka dedicated the cave to the Ajivika sect in the 12th year of his reign (~260 BCE)
ā
Only cave in the Barabar group without inscriptions from the post-Ashokan period
ā
Later, Ashoka also dedicated the nearby Karan Chaupar Cave
š Importance
ā”ļø Among the earliest examples of Indian rock-cut architecture
ā”ļø Reflects state patronage of heterodox sects (Ajivikas) during Mauryan rule
#prelims
#art_and_culture
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| 12 | šLiterature during Post-Gupta (600-1200)
ā
Harshvardhana: Nagananda, Ratnavali, and Priyadarsika by Harshavardhana
ā
Harshacharita by Banabhatta.
ā
Yashovarman of Kannauj: Bhavabhuti: Malati Madhava, Uttararamacharita
ā
Pallavas: Mattavilasa Prahasana in Sanskrit by Mahendravarman I (600-630 CE)
ā
Rashtrakutas: Kavirajamarga, Pampa Bharata
ā
Gurjara Pratihara: Rajashekharaās Karpuramanjari
ā
Western Chalukyas: Bilhanaās Vikramankadeva charita
ā
Kashmir: Kalhanaās Rajatarangini
ā
Solankis: Parishishtaparvan by Hemachandra
ā
Chauhans: Prithviraj Raso by Chand Bardai
ā
Pala Empire: Ramacharitam by Sandhyakar Nandi (1084 - 1155 CE)
#art_and_culture
#prelims_facts
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| 15 | š Kuchipudi (Classical Dance of Andhra Pradesh)
š Origin & Background
ā
Originated from Kuchelapuram (Kuchipudi village) in Krishna district, Andhra Pradesh
ā
Emerged as a product of the Bhakti movement (7th century CE onwards)
ā
Originally known as Kuchelapuri / Kuchelapuram
ā
Known for graceful movements and a strong narrativeādramatic tradition
ā
Stylistically positioned between Bharatanatyam and Odissi
š Nature of the Dance Form
ā
Classical dance-drama tradition
ā
Integrates speech, mime (abhinaya), and pure dance
ā
Traditionally group-based, now widely performed as solo recital
š Style & Technique
ā
Based on the classical triad:
ā¢ Nritta ā Pure dance (teermanams, jatis)
ā¢ Nritya ā Expressive dance (sabdam)
ā¢ Natya ā Dramatic enactment using mudras & abhinaya
ā
Strong emphasis on abhinaya (expression) and rhythmic vitality
ā
Incorporates both Lasya (grace) and Tandava (vigour) elements
š Music & Instruments
ā
Music system: Carnatic music
ā
Major accompanying instruments:
ā¢ Mridangam
ā¢ Manjira (Talam)
ā¢ Veena
ā¢ Violin
ā¢ Kanjira
ā¢ Surpeti
ā¢ Venu (Flute)
ā¢ Tanpura
š Sequence of a Kuchipudi Recital
ā
Ganesha Vandana ā Invocatory item
ā
Nritta ā Abstract dance (usually Jatiswaram)
ā
Shabdam ā Narrative dance
ā¢ Famous items: Dashavatara Shabdam, Manduk Shabdam
ā
Kalaapam ā Natya (dramatic piece)
ā
Tarangam ā Grand finale
ā¢ Dancer performs on a brass plate, moving it rhythmically with feet
š Unique Elements
ā
Tarangam ā Balancing and dancing on a brass plate
ā
Jala Chitra Nrityam ā Drawing pictures on the floor using toes while dancing
ā
Combines aesthetic beauty with storytelling
š Famous Exponents
ā
Radha Reddy & Raja Reddy
ā
Yamini Krishnamurthy
ā
Indrani Rehman
ā
VedanĀtam Satyanarayana Sharma
#prelims
#art_and_culture
https://t.me/Studytoday1
https://t.me/upsc_art_and_culture | 275 |
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| 18 | š Gyan Bharatam Mission
š Why in News?
ā
A Parliamentary panel has flagged the slow pace of manuscript digitisation under the Gyan Bharatam Mission of the Ministry of Culture.
š About Gyan Bharatam Mission
ā
Origin: Announced in the Union Budget 2025ā26 and formally launched in September 2025.
ā
Objective: Preserve and provide wider access to Indiaās rich manuscript heritage through digitisation.
ā
Target: Digitise 1 crore manuscripts by 2030.
ā
Financial Outlay: ā¹491.66 crore for 2025ā2031.
š Key Components
ā
Manuscript Resource & Conservation Centres: Identification, preservation and conservation of manuscripts.
ā
AI-based Handwritten Text Recognition: Use of AI to help digitise and interpret handwritten texts.
ā
National Digital Repository (NDR): Digital platform to provide access to Indian manuscripts and texts globally.
ā
Capacity Building: Training and development of skilled manpower for manuscript preservation and digitisation.
ā
Global Collaboration: Partnerships for preservation, research and wider dissemination of Indiaās manuscript heritage.
š Current Status & Concern
ā
Only around 7.5 lakh texts have been digitised so far.
ā
This represents a significant gap against the target of 1 crore manuscripts by 2030.
ā
The slow pace highlights challenges related to technology, trained manpower, conservation infrastructure and coordination.
š Significance
ā
Preserves Indiaās intangible cultural and intellectual heritage.
ā
Enables researchers worldwide to access rare Indian knowledge traditions.
ā
AI-based digitisation can improve the preservation and discoverability of ancient knowledge systems.
ā
Supports Indiaās broader efforts towards cultural preservation and digital public access.
#prelims
#art_and_culture
https://t.me/Studytoday1
https://t.me/upsc_art_and_culture | 417 |
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