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AAS Medical Notes

AAS Medical Notes

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The True Medicine ุฑุงุจุท ู‚ู†ุงุชูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูŠูˆุชูŠูˆุจ https://www.youtube.com/@the_true_medicine ุฑุงุจุท ุตูุญุชูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู†ุณุชุง (ุงู†ุดุฑ ุจูŠู‡ุง ูƒูŠุณุงุช ุชููŠุฏ ุงู„ู…ู‡ุชู…ูŠู†) https://www.instagram.com/ahmedabdsam?igsh=MTBldm4yaHk2ZnFoYw==

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๐Ÿ“ˆ Analytical overview of Telegram channel AAS Medical Notes

Channel AAS Medical Notes (@amedicalnotes) is an active participant. Currently, the community unites 19 870 subscribers, ranking 1 163 in the Medicine category and 3 652 in the Saudi Arabia region.

๐Ÿ“Š Audience metrics and dynamics

Since its creation on ะฝะตะฒั–ะดะพะผะพ, the project has demonstrated rapid growth, gathering an audience of 19 870 subscribers.

According to the latest data from 02 July, 2026, the channel demonstrates stable activity. Although there has been a change in the number of participants by -42 over the last 30 days and by -7 over the last 24 hours, overall reach remains high.

  • Verification status: Not verified
  • Engagement rate (ER): The average audience engagement rate is 24.97%. Within the first 24 hours after publication, content typically collects 8.36% reactions from the total number of subscribers.
  • Post reach: On average, each post receives 4 961 views. Within the first day, a publication typically gains 1 662 views.
  • Reactions and interaction: The audience actively supports content: the average number of reactions per post is 95.
  • Thematic interests: Content is focused on key topics such as ู…ูŽุฑููŠุถ, ูƒูŽูŠุณ, ูƒูุชูŽุงุจ, ุทูŽุจููŠุจ, ุฌูุฏู‘.

๐Ÿ“ Description and content policy

The author describes the resource as a platform for expressing subjective opinions:
โ€œThe True Medicine ุฑุงุจุท ู‚ู†ุงุชูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูŠูˆุชูŠูˆุจ https://www.youtube.com/@the_true_medicine ุฑุงุจุท ุตูุญุชูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู†ุณุชุง (ุงู†ุดุฑ ุจูŠู‡ุง ูƒูŠุณุงุช ุชููŠุฏ ุงู„ู…ู‡ุชู…ูŠู†) https://www.instagram.com/ahmedabdsam?igsh=MTBldm4yaHk2ZnFoYw==โ€

Thanks to the high frequency of updates (latest data received on 03 July, 2026), the channel maintains relevance and a high level of publication reach. Analytics show that the audience actively interacts with content, making it an important point of influence in the Medicine category.

19 870
Subscribers
-724 hours
-437 days
-4230 days
Posts Archive
ุงูƒุฑุฑ ูˆ ุงุนูŠุฏู‡ุง ุงู„ู ู…ุฑุฉ ุงุฐุง ุงุฌุชูƒ ูƒูŠุณ wide complex tachycardia ูˆ ู…ุง ุนุฑูุช ุดู†ูˆ ู†ูˆุนู‡ุงุŒ ูุนุงู…ู„ู‡ุง ู…ุนุงู…ู„ุฉ ุงู„ู€ VT ูˆ ุงู†ุทูŠ amiodarone ุจุงู„ุฌุฑุนู‡ ุงู„ูŠ ุญุงูุธูŠู†ู‡ุง ูƒู„ู†ู‡. ู†ุฌูŠ ู„ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ ECG ุฃู„ูŠ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ tricky case : 1. There is wide complex tachycardia with HR near 200 bpm. 2. After each QRS complex, there is retrograde inverted P wave (look to V6) ๐Ÿ‘‰๐Ÿ‘‰ QRS to P wave is 1:1 ูˆ ุงู„ูŠ ุณุงู…ุน ููˆูŠุณุงุชูŠ ูŠุนุฑู ุงู†ุง ุดุงุฑุญู‡ุง ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู†ู‡ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ู€ VT ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู€ QRS ุงูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู€ p waves. ุงุฐุง ู„ูƒูŠุช ุนุฏุฏู‡ู… ู…ุชุณุงูˆูŠุŒ ู ุงุจุฏ ู„ุง ุชููƒุฑ ุจุงู„ู€ VT. ุฒูŠู† ุจ ุดู†ูˆ ุงููƒุฑุŸุŸ 1. If QRS to retrograde P ratio was 1:1 and the heart rate < 150 bpm ๐Ÿ‘‰๐Ÿ‘‰ think about junctional tachycardia 2. If QRS to retrograde P wave ratio was 1:1 and the HR 150-250 ๐Ÿ‘‰๐Ÿ‘‰ think about antidromic AVRT ูŠุฌูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ูŠูƒูˆู„ุŒ ู„ุงุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ู…ูˆ ุตุญูŠุญ ู„ุฃู† ุงุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุจูŠุดู†ุช ุนู†ุฏู‡ WCT ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Precordial leads ุนุฏู‡ู† the same concordance ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุชุฌู‡ุงุช ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฃุชุฌุงู‡ุŒ ูู‡ุงูŠ VT. ุฃูƒู„ู‡ ุตุญูŠุญ 100%. ู„ู…ู† ุฎู„ูŠ ุจุจุงู„ูƒ ุงุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ู€ accessory pathway ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุจุงู„ู€ left side ๐Ÿ‘ˆ๐Ÿ‘ˆ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑุจุงุก ุชุชุญุฑูƒ ู…ู† ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ู„ู„ูŠุณุงุฑุŒ ุจุฃุชุฌุงู‡ ุงู„ู€ V1-V2 ูุชู†ุทูŠู†ุง positive and tall R in precordial leads ูˆ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุจูŠุดู†ุช ุนู†ุฏู‡ Same (+ve) concordance in Precordial leads but not due to VT. ูู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุฃุณุชุซู†ุงุก ุงู„ูˆุญูŠุฏ ู„ู‚ุงุนุฏุฉ ุงู„ู€ Concordance ู‡ูˆ Antidromic AVRT with left sided location. ูˆ ู„ุญุณู† ุญุธู†ุงุŒ ุงู„ู€ antidromic AVRT ูˆ ุงู„ู€ VT ุงุซู†ูŠู†ู‡ู† ู†ูƒุฏุฑ ู†ู†ุทูŠู‡ู… amiodaroneุŒ ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุฃุณุชุฌุงุจู‡ ุจุงู„ู€ AVRT ุชูƒูˆู† ุฌุฏุง ู‚ู„ูŠู„ู‡ ุนูƒุณ ุงู„ู€ VT. We can terminate antidromic AVRT by adenosine. ุทุจุนุง ุงูƒูˆ ูƒู„ุงู… ู‡ูˆุงูŠ ุจุนุฏุŒ ุจุณ ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงุตุฉ. #ECG @AASmedicalbot

๐Ÿ”–quick note: If thrombocytopenic is suspected. Check soft tissues most susceptible to trauma, such as - buccal mucosa from c
๐Ÿ”–quick note: If thrombocytopenic is suspected. Check soft tissues most susceptible to trauma, such as - buccal mucosa from cheek biting - junction between hard - soft palate in denture wearing subjects or the gingiva. CASE: CHILD WITH ITP #hemato

๐Ÿ“‘ Approach to vertigo ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุถูŠุน ุงู„ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ูŠุฌูŠูƒ ุจูŠุดู†ุช ูŠูƒู„ูƒ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุฏูˆุฎู‡ dizziness ู‡ู†ุง ู„ุงุฒู… ุชุณุงู„ู‡ ุจุถุจุท ุดูŠู‚ุตุฏ ุจูŠู‡ุง ุงูˆ ูˆุตูู‡ ุงู„ูŠ ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒู„ูƒ ุงู„ุฏู†ูŠุง ุชูุชุฑ ุจูŠู‡ ุงูˆ ุงู„ุบุฑูุฉ ุชูุชุฑ ุจูŠู‡ ูˆุงู„ุฎ ู„ุงู† dizziness is non-specific term ูˆ ูŠุดู…ู„ ๐Ÿ‘‰ vertigo, disequilibrium, light-headedness, presyncope ู„ู‡ุฐุง ู„ุงุฒู… ุงุชุฑูƒุฒ ุจุงู„ู‡ุณุชุฑูŠ ูˆุดู„ูˆู† ูŠูˆุตูู‡ ุงู„ุจูŠุดู†ุช ุงู„ูƒ to exclude others ูˆุฑุงุญ ู†ู‚ุณู…ู‡ ุงู„ู‰ : ๐Ÿ”– central causes: - Ischemia and/or hemorrhage of the vertebrobasilar circulation - Posterior fossa tumors - Vestibular migraine - Multiple sclerosis ู†ุจุฏุง central ุงูˆู„ ู…ุง ุชู†ุชุจู‡ ุงู„ู‡ ุดุงูŠู„ูŠู† ุงู„ุจูŠุดู†ุช ู„ูˆ ูŠู…ุดูŠ ู„ุงู† ุงุจูˆ peripheral ุน ุงู„ุงุบู„ุจ ูŠุฌูŠูƒ ูŠู…ุดูŠ ูˆู†ุชุชุจู‡ ุน ู…ุฏุฉ ุงุฌุงู‡ ุจูŠู‡ุง ุฏูˆุฑุงู† ุงุฐุง ู…ุณุชู…ุฑู‡ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุชููƒุฑูŠู†ุง ุจุณู†ุชุฑู„ ูˆู†ุดูˆู : Any of the Dangerous D's (Dysphagia, Dysarthria, Diplopia, Dysmetria) + Plantar response strongly suggest a central cause of vertigo ุงุฐุง ู„ุงุญุธุช ุงูŠ ุฏููƒุช ู…ู†ู‡ู† ุชุฑุณู„ู‡ CT ูˆุงุฐุง ุทู„ุน ู†ูƒุชู ุดุณูˆูŠุŸุŸุฑุงุญ ุชุจู‚ู‰ ุชููƒุฑ ุจ peripheral ู„ุงู† vestibular neuritis ู…ุดุงุจู‡ ู„ู„ stroke CT may not pick up many abnormalities in the posterior fossa!! ู„ู‡ุฐุง ู„ุญู„ ู‡ู„ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงูƒูˆ ุชูŠุณุช ุงุณู…ู‡ HINTS ูˆุณูˆู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ูˆุงุฎู„ุต ๐Ÿ˜… HINTS Exam: Head Impulse, Nystagmus, Test of Skew any one of these three signs has a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 96% for stroke!! โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€” ๐Ÿ”– multiple sclerosis ๐Ÿ‘‰ Vertigo associated with demyelination can present as episodic, continuous, triggered, and/or spontaneous depending on where the demyelinating lesions are located. โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€” ๐Ÿ”– peripheral causes: - Vestibular neuritis / labyrinthitis - Meniere disease - Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo - Drug - ู†ุณุงู„ ุน ูˆู‚ุชู‡ ุดูƒุฏ ูŠุณุชู…ุฑ ูˆูƒู… ู…ุฑู‡ ูŠุตูŠุฑุŸ ๐Ÿ‘‰ episodic: episodes lasting seconds to hour ๐Ÿ‘‰ continuous: episodes lasting hours to days ู†ูˆุจุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ูŠุฏูˆุฎูƒ ูˆู…ุง ุชุนุฑู ุดูƒุฏ ุชุณุชู…ุฑ ุŸ ู‡ู†ุง ุชุณุงู„ู‡ ุณุคุงู„ ุญุชู‰ ุชุฎู„ุต ู…ู† overlap ู…ู† ุชุญุฑูƒ ุฑุงุณูƒ ูŠุฌูŠูƒ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฑุงู† ู„ูˆู„ุง ุŸ ุงุฐุง ูƒุงู„ ุชุฌูŠู†ูŠ ูˆุชุณุชู…ุฑ ุดูˆูŠ ูˆุชุฑูˆุญ ู‡ู†ุง ุน ุงู„ุงุบู„ุจ ๐Ÿ‘‰ Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is likely (mc) ูˆุชูƒู…ู„ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุงู„ู…ู†ูˆูุฑ dix-hallpike (ุชุฎู„ูŠ ุงู„ุจูŠุดู†ุช ูƒุงุนุฏ ุน ุงู„ุณุฏูŠุฉ ูˆุฌู‡ ุน ูˆุฌู‡ูƒ ูˆุซุจุช ุฑุงุณู‡ ุจุงูŠุฏูŠูƒ ูˆู†ุฒู„ ุฑุงุณู‡ ูˆู…ูŠู„ู‡ ุน ุฌู‡ุฉ ูŠุณุฑู‡ ู…ุซู„ุง ุจู‚ูŠู‡ 20-30 ุซุงู†ูŠู‡ ูˆุจุงูˆุน ุน ุนูŠู†ู‡ ุงุฐุง ุตุงุฑnystagmus ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุจูˆุฒุชู ูˆุงุฐุง ู…ุง ุตุงุฑ ุญูˆู„ู‡ ุน ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ูŠู…ู†ู‰ ูˆู‡ู…ู‡ ู„ุงุญุธู‡ ุงูƒูˆ nystagmus ุงูˆ ู„ุง ู†ูุณ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช 20-30 ุซุงู†ูŠู‡) ูˆุงุฐุง ู„ุงุญุธุช ุนู†ุฏู‡ nystagmus ู‡ูˆ ูƒุงุนุฏ ู„ุง ุชุณูˆูŠู‡ุง !! - ุงุฐุง ุงู„ู…ู†ูˆูุฑ ุทู„ุน ู†ูƒุชู ุฌูŠูƒ orthostatic hypotension โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”- - ุงุฐุง ู…ุง ุตุงุฑ ุฏูˆุฑุงู† ู…ู† ุญุฑูƒ ุฑุงุณู‡ ุŸ ุงูˆ ู…ู†ูˆูุฑ ู†ูƒุชู ุทู„ุนุช ุดุณูˆูŠ ุŸ ุชุณุงู„ ุน hearing loss ุงุฐุง ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุงูˆ ูŠูƒู„ูƒ ุณู…ุนูŠ ุจุงุฐู†ูŠ ูŠุฑูˆุญ ูˆูŠุฌูŠ ูˆุนู†ุฏูŠ ุทู†ูŠู† ูุถูŠุน ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ูˆุดู‡ ุงูˆ ู†ูˆุจุงุช ูŠุตูŠุฑ ุตููŠุฑ ูˆูŠุงู‡ ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุง ุชููƒุฑ ุจ ๐Ÿ‘‰ Meniere disease - unilateral hearing loss (typically fluctuating) - tinnitus - attacks of vertigo โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”- - ุงู…ุง ุงุฐุง ูƒุงู„ ู„ุง ุจุณ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุตุฏุงุน ู†ุตููŠ ูˆู†ูˆุจุงุช ูŠุถุฑุจ ุน ุนูŠู†ูŠ ูˆุงุญุณ ูŠุฏูƒ ุจุฑุงุณูŠ ูˆุถูˆุก ูŠุงุซุฑ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุงูˆ ุงู„ุตูˆุช ู‡ู†ุง ุดุชููƒุฑุŸ ๐Ÿ‘‰ vestibular migraine โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€” - ุงู…ุง ุงุฐุง ูƒุงู„ ู…ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู„ุง ุตุฏุงุน ูˆู„ุง ุณู…ุนูŠ ู…ุชุงุซุฑ ู„ุง ุงู„ู… ุจุงุฐู†ูŠ ุจุณ ู…ุณุชู…ุฑ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุฏูˆุฑุงู† ูˆุนู†ุฏู‡ ู‡ุณุชุฑูŠ upper respiratory infection ู‡ู†ุง ู†ููƒุฑ ุจุดุบู„ุชูŠู† ๐Ÿ‘‰ Vestibular neuritis & labyrinthitis โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”- - ูˆุงุฎุฑ ุดูŠ ุชุณุงู„ ุน drug hx ูˆุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒู„ูƒ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุฏูˆุฑุงู† ู…ุณุชู…ุฑ ู…ู† ูŠูˆู… ุจู„ุดุช ุจุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ุงู† ูˆู†ูˆุจุงุช ุจุณ ุงุญุฑูƒ ุฑุงุณูŠ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ุฏูˆุฑุงู† ุฎููŠู ูˆู†ุจุงุช ู…ุง ูŠุตูŠุฑ ูˆูŠุง ุฏุฑูƒุงุช ุชุณูˆูŠ ุฏูˆุฑุงู†ุŸ ๐Ÿ‘‰ medications may manifest vertigo as a side effect: - antihypertensives - antihistamines - benzodiazepines - SSRIs - aminoglycosides

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This 23 yo female presented with palpitation, first time ever. Otherwise she is healthy wealthy. What does ECG say to you ??
This 23 yo female presented with palpitation, first time ever. Otherwise she is healthy wealthy. What does ECG say to you ?? ู„ุง ุจุฃุณ ุงู† ุชุฎุทุฃ ุจู…ุซู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุชุฎุทูŠุทุŒ ุงู„ู…ู‡ู… ู†ุชุนู„ู…. @AASmedicalbot #ECG

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ู‡ุฐุง ู„ุฏุบุชู‡ H lepturus ุจุนุฏู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ local symptoms ู…ูˆ ูƒู„ุด ุนู†ูŠูู‡ ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุจูŠุดู†ุช ูƒุงู† ุฏุงุฎู„ ุจู€ Non infectious Haemolytic uraemic syndrome
ู‡ุฐุง ู„ุฏุบุชู‡ H lepturus ุจุนุฏู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ local symptoms ู…ูˆ ูƒู„ุด ุนู†ูŠูู‡ ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุจูŠุดู†ุช ูƒุงู† ุฏุงุฎู„ ุจู€ Non infectious Haemolytic uraemic syndrome nHUS ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ Haemolysis Thrombocytopenia Elevated renal indices ู…ุขุณุงุฉุŒ ุญุชู‰ ุงู„ู€ anti scorpion venom ุชุฑุฉ ู…ูˆ ูƒู„ุด ู…ููŠุฏ ู„ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ุนู‚ุฑุจ. ุฎู„ุตู†ุง ุงู„ุนู‚ุงุฑุจุŒ ุจุงุฌุฑ ุงู†ุดุฑู„ูƒู… ุนู† ุงู„ุญูŠุงูŠุฉ snake bite ๐Ÿ˜‚๐Ÿ˜‚ #toxicology

ุดูˆู ุงู„ู€ local symptoms ู‡ุงูŠ ุจุนุฏ ูกูง ุณุงุนู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ bite. ูƒู„ุด ูˆุงุฑุฏ ุงู† ูŠุฏุฎู„ ุจู€ Gangrenous finger ูˆ ู…ุง ุงุจุงู„ุบ ุงุฐุง ุงูƒูˆู„ ุฑุงุญ ูŠุฏุฎู„ ุจู€ Gan
ุดูˆู ุงู„ู€ local symptoms ู‡ุงูŠ ุจุนุฏ ูกูง ุณุงุนู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ bite. ูƒู„ุด ูˆุงุฑุฏ ุงู† ูŠุฏุฎู„ ุจู€ Gangrenous finger ูˆ ู…ุง ุงุจุงู„ุบ ุงุฐุง ุงูƒูˆู„ ุฑุงุญ ูŠุฏุฎู„ ุจู€ Gangrene of the entire hand. #toxicology

ู†ุณูŠุช ุฃูƒูˆู„ ุดุบู„ู‡ ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ: ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุดูˆูู‡ุง ุจู„ุฏุบุงุช ุงู„ุนู†ุงูƒุจุŒ ูˆ ุฎุงุตุฉ ู†ูˆุน ู…ู† ุงู„ุนู†ุงูƒุจ ุงุณู…ู‡ Brown recluse spider ูˆ ู‡ูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุญุฏ ุนู„ู…ูŠ ู…ุง ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุจุงู„ุดุฑู‚ ุงู„ุฃูˆุณุท. ู…ู…ูƒู† ุจู‚ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุนู†ุงูƒุจ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุนุฏู†ุง ุจุงู„ุนุฑุงู‚ ุชู†ุทูŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู€ local symptomsุŒ ู„ูƒู† ุจุฏูˆู† Systemic symptoms. ุจู„ูƒูŠ ุจุงุฌุฑ ุงุดุฑุญู‡ุง. #toxicology

B. Systemic symptoms: ุฃูƒุซุฑ cells ุฑุงุญ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ุจูŠู‡ุง destruction ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ endothelial cells Lysed endothelial cells ๐Ÿ‘‰๐Ÿ‘‰ stimulate coagulation ๐Ÿ‘‰๐Ÿ‘‰ consumption of platelets and clotting factors and formation of dissiminated micro-thrombi ๐Ÿ‘‰๐Ÿ‘‰ RBCs will hit these thrombi leading to haemolysis. ูุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุฑุงุญ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู†ุฏู‡ thrombosis ุจูƒู„ ู…ูƒุงู† ูˆ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู†ุฏู‡ haemolysis. ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ thrombosis ุตุงุฑ ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ู„ุฃุณุชู‡ู„ุงูƒ ุงู„ู€ platelets ูˆ ุงู„ู€ clotting factorsุŒ ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุฑุงุญ ูŠุณุจุจ bleeding. Thrombosis and bleeding at the same time + haemolysis = dissiminated intravascular coagulation DIC. ูˆ ูŠุฏุฎู„ ุงู„ุจูŠุดู†ุช ุจุญุงู„ุฉ Renal failure ูˆ multiorgan failure. Treatment A. Supportive: .. Painkiller: IV pracetamol or oral NSAIDs (avoid opioids) .. Antihistamines for itching .. packed RBC, PLT, and FFP transfusion B. Specific: Polyvalent Antiscorpion ู†ุฌูŠุจ ูฃ ููŠุงู„ุงุช ูˆ ุชุฎู„ูŠู‡ู† ุจู€ 50 cc ู†ูˆุฑู…ู„ ุณู„ุงูŠู† ูˆ ุชู…ุดูŠู‡ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ 30 ุฏู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ. ูˆ ุชุดูˆู ุงู„ู€ response ุจุนุฏ ุณุงุนุฉุŒ ุงุฐุง ู…ุงูƒูˆ ุฑูŠุณุจูˆู†ูŠ ุงู†ุทูŠ one or 2 another vials. ุงุบู„ุจ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุงุช ุชูƒูˆู† poor responseุŒ ูˆ ุชู†ุชู‡ูŠ ุจุงู„ูˆูุงุฉ ู„ู„ุฃุณู. #toxicology

Hemiscorpius lepturus H lepturus ุงู„ุนู‚ุฑุจ ุงู„ุตูุฑุงุก ุงูˆ ุงู„ุดูุงูุฉุงู„ู„ูŠู„ูŠุฉ. ู…ูˆ ูƒู„ุด ุดุงุฆุนุฉุŒ ู„ูƒู† ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุณุคูˆู„ู‡ ุนู† 95% ู…ู† ุงู„ูˆููŠุงุช ุจุณู… ุงู„ุนู‚ุฑุจ
Hemiscorpius lepturus H lepturus ุงู„ุนู‚ุฑุจ ุงู„ุตูุฑุงุก ุงูˆ ุงู„ุดูุงูุฉุงู„ู„ูŠู„ูŠุฉ. ู…ูˆ ูƒู„ุด ุดุงุฆุนุฉุŒ ู„ูƒู† ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุณุคูˆู„ู‡ ุนู† 95% ู…ู† ุงู„ูˆููŠุงุช ุจุณู… ุงู„ุนู‚ุฑุจ !!!!. ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุฑุงู‚ ูˆ ุฃูŠุฑุงู† ูˆ ุงู„ูŠู…ู†ุŒ ูˆ ุจุตูˆุฑุฉ ุฃู‚ู„ ุจุงู„ุฃู…ุงุฑุงุช ูˆ ุงู„ุณุนูˆุฏูŠุฉ. ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงุฐุง ุณู…ุนุช ุดุฎุต ู„ุฏุบุชู‡ ุนู‚ุฑุจ ูˆ ู…ุงุชุŒ ูู‡ูŠ ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ุนู‚ุฑุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃุบู„ุจ. H. Lepturus have unique toxins. Their toxins are direct cytotoxic (lytic toxins that degrade cell membrabe). ูˆ ู„ุฃู† ูƒู„ุดูŠ ุจุฌุณู…ู†ุง ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† cellsุŒ ูู„ุฐู„ูƒ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุณู… ุฑุงุญ ูŠู†ุชุดุฑ ู„ูƒู„ ู…ูƒุงู† ูˆ ูŠุณุจุจ multiorgan failure. A. Local symptoms ุงุบู„ุจ ุงู„ูŠ ูŠู†ู„ุฏุบูˆู† ุจู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ุนู‚ุฑุจุŒ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช ู„ูŠู„ูŠ. ูˆ ุงูˆู„ 12 ุณุงุนุฉ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ู…ุง ูŠุดู…ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู…ู† ุดูŠ ุบูŠุฑ ุฃู„ู… ูˆุญูƒุฉ ุจู…ูƒุงู† ุงู„ู„ุฏุบุฉุŒ ูˆ ู‡ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูŠ ูŠุฎู„ูŠู‡ ูŠุชุฃุฎุฑ ูŠู„ุง ูŠุฌูŠ ู„ู„ู…ุณุชุดูู‰. ุจู…ุฑูˆุฑ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช ูˆ ุจุนุฏ ูŠูˆู… ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ุฏุบุฉุŒ ุชุจุฏูŠ ุงู„ู€ lytic enzymes ุชุญุทู… ุจุงู„ู€ cell membrane ููŠุตูŠุฑ ู…ูƒุงู† ุงู„ู„ุฏุบุฉ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุฃุญู…ุฑุงุฑ ูˆ ุจู…ุฑูˆุฑ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช ูŠุตูŠุฑ ulcerated ูˆ erythematous ูˆ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุฃุฎุฐ ูƒู„ ุงู„ู€ limbุŒ ูˆ ุญุชู‰ ูŠูˆุตู„ ู„ู„ู€ muscles ูˆ ูŠุณุจุจ rhabdomyolysis ูˆ ุงู„ูŠ ุจุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุจู„ ุฑุงุญ ุชุณุจุจ Hyperkalaemia, hypocalcaemia, and myoglobin-induced acute kidney injury. ุฎู„ ู†ูƒู…ู„ ุจู€ ุจูˆุณุช ุซุงู†ูŠ #toxicology

This 33 yo pt presented with feeling of chest and neck heaviness. He is medically free, but reported previous short-lived sim
This 33 yo pt presented with feeling of chest and neck heaviness. He is medically free, but reported previous short-lived similar attacks. What are the ECG findings ?? ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุตุนุจ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุชุฎุทูŠุทุŒ ุฃุนุฑู . ุดู†ูˆ ุงู„ู…ูุฑูˆุถ ู†ุณูˆูŠู‡ ุญุชู‰ ู†ุฎู„ูŠ ู‚ุฑุขุชู‡ ุฃุณู‡ู„ ุŸ ูˆ ุฑูƒุฒูˆู„ูŠ ุจุงู„ู€ V2ูƒู„ุด ู‡ูˆุงูŠ ุฑุงุญ ูŠุณุงุนุฏูƒู… ุจุงู„ุชุดุฎูŠุต . #ECG @AASmedicalbot

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ุฅูุทุงุฑ ุดู‡ูŠ: ูƒุซุฑุฉ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ู€ scorpion bite ูˆ ุฎุฐุง ู…ูˆ ูุฏ ุดูŠ ู…ุนุฑูˆู ุจุงู„ุตูŠู. ุงุบู„ุจ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุงุช ู…ุง ุชุญุชุงุฌ ุงูŠ ุดูŠ ุนุฏุง ุงู„ู€ painkillers ูˆ monitoring. ูŠุง ุงุฎูˆุงู† The painkillera of choice are NSAIDs ู…ู…ู†ูˆุน ู†ู†ุทูŠ opioids ู…ุซู„ ุชุฑุงู…ุงู„ ูˆ ู…ูˆุฑููŠู†ุŒ ู„ูŠุดุŸุŸ Opioids will inhibit re-uptake of noradrenaline ๐Ÿ‘‰๐Ÿ‘‰ elevate its concenteration. ูˆ ุฃุบู„ุจ ุงู„ู€ scorpion toxins ู‡ู… ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† Alpha 1 agonists ูุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุชุฒูŠุฏ ุงู„ู€ effect of noradrenaline. And the subsequent of HT ๐Ÿ‘‰๐Ÿ‘‰ Pulmonary edema, retinal bleeding, acute heart failure. ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู€ scorpion toxins ุฅู„ู‡ู† Haemato-toxic effects ูู„ุฐู„ูƒ ู…ู† ู†ุฑูŠุฏ ู†ู†ุทูŠ ููˆู„ุชุงุฑูŠู†ุŒ ู…ุง ู†ู†ุทูŠู‡ ุนุถู„ูŠ (ูˆ ู‡ูˆ ุฃุตู„ุง ู…ุง ูŠู†ุนุทู‰ ูˆุฑูŠุฏูŠ)ุŒ ูู„ุฐู„ูƒ ู†ูƒุชููŠ ูู‚ุท ุจุงู„ู€ Oral voltaren. ุงุฐุง ุงู†ุช ู†ุณูŠุช ูˆ ุงู†ุทูŠุช ุชุฑุงู…ุงู„ ุงูˆ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุจูŠุดู†ุช ุงุฌุงูƒ ุจู€ autonomic storm. ุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ุจู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ู‡ ู‡ูˆ Prazocin immediate release tab. ูˆ ุฎู„ ุงุดุฑุญู„ูƒู… ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุจ ููˆูŠุณ ุฏู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุงูˆ ุงู‚ู„. #toxicology

ุฃุญุฏ ุงู„ุฃุตุฏู‚ุงุก ุฃู„ูŠ ุญุฑููŠุงู‹ ูˆุงุตู„ ู„ู„ูŠูู„ ุงู„ูˆุญุดุŒ ุฏุฒู„ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒูŠุณ ุฃุฌุงู‡ ู‚ุจู„ ูุชุฑุฉ: ููŠู…ูŠู„ ุนู…ุฑู‡ุง 21 ุณู†ุฉุŒ ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ู€ 4 ุฃุดู‡ุฑ ุงู„ู…ุงุถูŠุฉ ุตุงุฑ ุนุฏู‡ุง 3 attacks of nocturnal eneuresis ูˆ ุฃูŠุถุงู‹ ู…ุฑุงุช ุชุฌูŠู‡ุง fainting attacksุŒ ุซูˆุงู†ูŠ ูˆ ุชุฑุฌุน ู„ูˆุนูŠู‡ุง. Apart from these, the patient is healthy wealthy. ุณุงุฆู„ ุจุงู„ู‡ุณุชุฑูŠ ุนู† ูƒู„ุดูŠ ู…ุชุนู„ู‚ ุจุงู„ุฑูŠู†ู„ุŒ ูƒู„ุดูŠ ู†ูˆุฑู…ู„. ูˆ ุณุงุฆู„ ุนู† ุงุณุจุงุจ ุงู„ู€ syncopeุŒ ูˆ ุงูŠุถุงู‹ ู…ุง ุญุตู„ ุดูŠ. ุจุณ ฺฏู„ุชู„ู‡ ุงู†ู‡ ู‚ุจู„ ุชุฌูŠู‡ุง ู†ูˆุจุงุช ู‡ุจูˆุท ุถุบุทุŒ ูˆ ุงู„ู…ู…ุฑุถ ูŠู†ุทูŠู‡ุง ูู„ูˆูˆุฏ ูˆ ุจุณ. ูู‡ูˆ ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช ู…ุง ุญุตู„ ุฌูˆุงุจ ูŠูุณุฑ ุฃุนุฑุงุถู‡ุง. ุงู„ุจุงุฑุญุฉ: ุฅุฌุชู‡ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุจูŠุดู†ุช ูˆ ูƒุงู† ุนุฏู‡ุง Drowsiness, hypotension, and palpitation. ูุงุญุตู‡ุง ูƒุงู† ุนุฏู‡ุง rapid pulse rateุŒ ูˆ ุณูˆูˆุงู„ู‡ุง vagal maneuvers ูˆ ุงู„ุจูŠุดู†ุช ุชุญุณู†ุช ุดูˆูŠุฉ. ูุดู†ูˆ ููƒุฑ ู‡ูˆ: There are sub-conscious attacks of atrioventricular re-enterant tachycardia AVNRT which leads to polyurea and fainting attacks. ุงุญู†ู‡ ู…ุชูู‚ูŠู† ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ AVNRT ุชุณูˆูŠ polyurea. ู„ูƒู† ู…ุง ุฌู†ุช ุฃุชุฎูŠู„ ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠูƒูˆู† The only presentation of AVNRT is the polyuria (which lead to eneuresis). Note: Physicians should note that bedwetting in an adult may be the manifestation of a potentially fatal arrhythmic event while sleeping at night. ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุจูŠุดู†ุช ู…ู† ู†ุณูˆูŠู„ู‡ุง slow pathway ablationุŒ ุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ุชุฌูŠู‡ุง eneuresis attacks. ุตุฑุงุญุฉ ูƒูŠุณ ุฌุฏุง ุฌุฏุง ุบุฑูŠุจ. #rare_case ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู‡ุงุดุชุงูƒ ุฑุงุญ ุฃู„ูŠู‡ ู„ุฃูŠ ูƒูŠุณ ุฑูŠุฑ. ุฃุฐุง ุงุญุฏ ุดุงูŠูู„ู‡ ูƒูŠุณ ุฑูŠุฑ ุฎู„ ูŠุฏุฒู„ูŠ @AASmedicalbot

๐Ÿ“‘ Approach to Hypercalcemia (adult - older) ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุงุนุฑุงุถ ุงูˆ ุงู†ุช ุดุงูƒ ู…ู† ู‡ุณุชุฑูŠู‡ ุนู†ุฏู‡ HyperCa ุงูˆ ู…ู† ECG ู„ุงุญุธุช QT shorting or Osborn wave (ุจุงู„ู…ู†ุงุณุจู‡ ู‡ุฐู† ู…ุง ูŠุจูŠู† ุงู„ุง ุงู„ูƒุงู„ุณูŠูˆู… ุนุงุจุฑ 12mg/dl ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุญุงู„ุฉ moderate hyperCa ) ุดุณูˆูŠู„ู‡ ู…ู† ุชุญุงู„ูŠู„ ุŸ ๐Ÿ‘‰ PTH , Albumin, eGFR, S.Ca ุฑุงุญ ุชุณุงู„ ุดุณูˆูŠ ุจุฃู„ุจูˆู…ูŠู† ุŸ ู„ุงู† ุงู„ูƒุงู„ุณูŠูˆู… ุจู„ุงุฒู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู…ุง ionized (free) ูˆูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุงู„ุงูƒุชู ุงูˆ ู…ุฑุชุจุท ุจุงู„ุจูˆู…ูŠู† (negative charge)ูˆูŠูƒูˆู† ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงุฑุชุจุงุทู‡ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ 45% ู„ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู‡ ุชุงุซูŠุฑ ุน ูƒุงู„ุณูŠูˆู… ุจู†ุณุจุฉ ู†ุต ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ุงูŠ ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุทุฑุฏูŠุฉ: ๐Ÿ‘‰ โ†‘ Serum albumin โ†’ โ†‘ serum calcium. ๐Ÿ‘‰ โ†“ Serum albumin โ†’ โ†“ serum calcium. ู„ู‡ุฐุง ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠุฏุฎู„ ุถู…ู† ุญุณุงุจ ุงู„ูƒุงู„ุณูŠูˆู…..ุดุงููˆ ุชุบูŠุฑ 1 ู…ู† ุงู„ุจูˆู…ูŠู† ูŠุนุงุฏู„ 0.8 ู…ู† ุงู„ูƒุงู„ุณูŠูˆู… ู„ู‡ุฐุง ุตุงุฑุช ุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู„ุฉ ูƒุงู„ุงุชูŠ: ๐Ÿ‘‰ Corrected Ca = S.Ca + 0.8 ร— (4 - pt albumin)...... (g/dl) 4 ู†ู‚ุตุฏ ุจูŠู‡ุง ู†ูˆุฑู…ู„ ุงู„ุจูˆู…ูŠู† .... ู„ุฐู„ูƒ total S.Ca = ionized Ca + Ca binding ุงู…ุง ionized ู…ุง ูŠุชุงุซุฑ ุจุฃู„ุจูˆู…ูŠู† ุงุฐุง ู…ุชูˆูุฑ ุจุนุฏ ุงูุถู„ ู…ู† total ูˆูŠูƒูˆู† ุงูƒุซุฑ accurate ุฎุงุตุฉ ุจ critical cases or abnormal pH ๐Ÿ”–Note: ๐Ÿ‘‰โ†“ pH(acidosis) โ†’ โ†‘ H+ in serum binding to proteins โ†’ โ†“ Ca binding to proteins โ†’ โ†‘ ionized Ca concentration compensatory โ†“ PTH ูˆุจุงู„ุนูƒุณ ูˆูŠู‡ alkalosis โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€” ุงุฌุงูƒ ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ๐Ÿ‘‰ elevated S.Ca + normal ionized calcium ู‡ู†ุง ู†ุนุชุจุฑู‡ true hyperCa ุงูˆ ู„ุง ู‡ู†ุง ู†ุนุชุจุฑู‡ pseudo or factitious or artifactual hyperCa ุดู†ูˆ ุงุณุจุงุจู‡ ุŸุŸ - increased S.albumin or protein - severe dehydration - TB โ€”โ€” ๐Ÿ”– Why Ca is elevated in TB and sarcoidosis?? ๐Ÿ‘‰ Nearly, any granulomatous disease will secrete active vitamin D that will elevate S. Ca โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€” ุฒูŠู† ุดูˆูƒุช ู†ูƒูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง hyperCa ุงุฐุง : ๐Ÿ‘‰ ionized Ca > 5.6 mg/dL OR ๐Ÿ‘‰ total Ca > 10.6 mg/dL (Corrected Ca) ู†ู‚ุณู… severity ุน ู†ุณุจุฉ ุตุนูˆุฏู‡ ูƒุงู„ุงุชูŠ ๐Ÿ”– clinical presentation depends on the severity of hyperCa: ๐Ÿ‘‰ Mild = 10.6-12 mg/dL - asymptomatic ๐Ÿ‘‰ Moderate = 12โ€“14 mg/dL - fatigue, impaired mental concentration, constipation, polyuria & polydipsia ๐Ÿ‘‰ Severe(hyperCa crisis) = > 14 mg/dL - N/V, dehydration, pancreatitis, peptic ulcers, arrhythmias, cardiac arrest, altered mental capacity, stupor, or coma ู…ู„ุงุญุธุฉ ู†ุณุจุฉ for total Ca โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€” ุซุงู†ูŠ ุฎุทูˆู‡ ู†ุจุงูˆุน ุน PTH ุงุฐุง ู†ูˆุฑู…ู„ ุงูˆ ุตุงุนุฏ ๐Ÿ”– PTH is normal or high (causes) - primary hyperparathyroidism PHPTH (mc) - tertiary hyperparathyroidism - familial hypocalciuric hyperCa FHH ุดู„ูˆู† ู†ูุฑู‚ ุจูŠู†ุงุชู‡ู† ุŸุŸ ู†ู†ุชุจู‡ ู„ู„ู‡ุณุชุฑูŠ ุงุฐุง ูƒุงู† end stage renal disease or on dialysis ู‡ู†ุง ุน ุงู„ุงุบู„ุจ tertiary ู„ู‡ุฐุง ู†ุทู„ุจ eGFR ุงูˆ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ lab: ๐Ÿ‘‰ primary >> elevated S.Ca & PTH + low phosphate. ๐Ÿ‘‰ tertiary >> elevated S.Ca, PTH & phosphate. ุงู…ุง FHH ู†ู…ูŠุฒู‡ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ urine Ca ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู„ุฉ ุงู„ุงุชูŠุฉ: Ca/CrCl = (Urinary calcium ร— Serum creatinine) รท (Serum calcium ร— Urinary creatinine) ๐Ÿ‘‰ Ca/CrCl < 0.01 หƒหƒ suggests FHH ู‡ู†ุง ู…ู„ุงุญุธุฉ: ู…ู† ูŠุตูŠุฑ FHH ู†ูƒู…ู„ ุงู„ุชุญู„ูŠู„ ูˆู†ุทู„ุจ ู…ุบู†ุณูŠูˆู… Mg (Mg levels may be in the high range of normal or modestly increased in FHH, also has a small negative feedback effect blocking PTH release) ๐Ÿ‘‰ Ca/CrCl 0.01-0.02 หƒหƒ suggests primary hyperparathyroidism or FHH ๐Ÿ‘‰ genetic testing will be necessary for Dx ๐Ÿ‘‰ Ca/CrCl > 0.02 หƒหƒ primary hyperparathyroidism โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€” ุจุนุฏู†ุง ุจุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุฎุทูˆู‡ ุงุฐุง PTH ู†ุงุฒู„ ๐Ÿ”– PTH is low ู‡ู†ุง ู„ุงุฒู… ู†ูƒู…ู„ ุงู„ุชุญุงู„ูŠู„ ูˆู†ุทู„ุจ ูƒุงู„ุงุชูŠ: PTH-related peptide โ€” 25.Vit-D โ€” 1,25 Vit-D ู†ุฌูŠ ุนู„ูŠู‡ู† ูˆุญุฏู‡ ูˆุญุฏู‡ : ๐Ÿ‘‰ โ†‘ 25.Vit-D (calcidiol) + PTHrP & 1,25 Vit-D are normal หƒหƒ vitamin D intoxication ๐Ÿ‘‰ โ†‘ 1,25 Vit-D (calcitriol) + PTHrP is normal หƒหƒ lymphoma or sarcoidosis ๐Ÿ‘‰ PTH-related peptide (PTHrP) หƒหƒ tumor mediated hyperCa ู‡ู†ุง ู†ูƒู…ู„ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุงู„ูุญูˆุตุงุช - imaging study (x-ray or bone scan for metastatic) ุงุฐุง ุทู„ุน ูƒู„ุดูŠ negative ู‡ู†ุง ุดู†ุณูˆูŠุŸุŸ ๐Ÿ‘‡ ๐Ÿ”–consider lymphoproliferative or granulomatous disorders and test for other endocrinopathies: ๐Ÿ‘‰ cortisol หƒหƒ adrenal insufficiency ๐Ÿ‘‰ insulin-like growth factor-1หƒหƒ acromegaly ๐Ÿ‘‰ vitamin A หƒหƒ vitamin A intoxication ๐Ÿ‘‰ urinary protein electrophoresis/Bence Jones proteins หƒหƒ multiple myeloma #approach #metabolic

Severe nodulocystic acne ุดู„ูˆู† ู†ุนุงู„ุฌุฉุŸุŸ ู†ู†ุทูŠ Combination of isotretinoin and predinsolone 1. Isotretinoin ู†ุจุฏูŠ ุจู€ 0.5mg/kg ูŠุนู†
Severe nodulocystic acne ุดู„ูˆู† ู†ุนุงู„ุฌุฉุŸุŸ ู†ู†ุทูŠ Combination of isotretinoin and predinsolone 1. Isotretinoin ู†ุจุฏูŠ ุจู€ 0.5mg/kg ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ูŠ ูˆุฒู†ู‡ 80kg ู†ู†ุทูŠู‡ 40mg ูŠุนู†ูŠ 20mg ูƒู„ ูกูข ุณุงุนู‡ ู„ู…ุฏุฉ ุดู‡ุฑ ูˆ ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ูŠุณุชู…ุฑ ุนู„ู‰ 1mg/kg ู„ู…ุฏุฉ ุดู‡ุฑูŠู†. 2. Predinsolone ู„ุงุฒู… ุงู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ severe acne ูˆ ุฑุงุญ ู†ู†ุทูŠู‡ isotretinoin ู†ู…ุดูŠู‡ ุน Predinsolone 0.5-1 mg/kg ู„ู…ุฏุฉ ูฆ ุงุณุงุจูŠุน ูˆ ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ู†ุณูˆูŠ tapering of the dose. #dermatology

ู‡ู„ ู…ู…ู†ูˆุน ุงุณุชุนู…ุงู„ ุงู„ู€ CCBs and BBs ูƒู€ combination ููŠ ุนู„ุงุฌ ุงู„ู€ SVTุŸุŸ ุงู„ุฌูˆุงุจ: ุบูŠุฑ ู…ู…ู†ูˆุนุŒ ุจุณ ู…ู† ุชู†ุทูŠู‡ู† ูŠุญุชุงุฌ Close monitoring of pulse rate. ุงุตู„ุง ุงู„ู€ successful rate ู„ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒูˆู…ุจู†ูŠุดู† ุญุชู‰ ูŠุฑุฌุน ุงู„ู€ SVT ู„ู„ู€ normal ู‡ูˆ 94%ุŒ ุฌุฏุง ุนุงู„ูŠ. ู„ูƒู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒูˆู…ุจู†ูŠุดู† ู‡ูˆ fatal (ุญุฑููŠุง) ุงุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุจูŠุดู†ุช ุนู†ุฏู‡ Accessory pathway AP. ุงู…ุง ุณุงู„ูุฉ ู…ุง ูŠุตูŠุฑ ู†ู†ุทูŠ BBs ูˆ CCBs ุงู„ูŠ ู…ู†ุชุดุฑู‡ุŒ ู‡ูˆ ูƒู„ุงู… ุบูŠุฑ ุตุญูŠุญ. ู†ู†ุทูŠู‡ู… ู„ูƒู† ู†ุฑุงู‚ุจ ุงู„ุจูŠุดู†ุช (ู‡ุฐุง ูƒู„ ู…ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุงู…ุฑ). ูˆ ุนู„ุงุฌ ุงู„ู€ bradycardia ุงู„ูŠ ุชุตูŠุฑ ุจุณุจุจ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒูˆู…ุจู†ูŠุดู† ู‡ูˆ Atropine 1 mg up to 3 mg ูŠุนู†ูŠ 6 ุงู…ุจูˆู„ุงุช (ุงู„ุงู…ุจูˆู„ู‡ ุจูŠู‡ุง 0.5 mg). ุงุบู„ุจูŠุชู‡ู… ูŠุชุญุณู†ู†ูˆู†. ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุณุงูŠุฏ ุงูŠููƒุช ู‡ูˆ ู…ูˆ toxicity ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุชูุญุต ุงู„ู€ BB ูˆ ุงู„ู€ CCB ุชู„ูƒุงู‡ู… Within therapeutic range. ูˆ ุงู†ูŠ ู†ุงุดุฑ ู…ู†ุดูˆุฑ ุนู† ุงู„ู€ Mx of BBs toxicity. ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ู†ุดูˆุฑ ุชุนู‚ูŠุจุง ู„ู„ู…ู†ุดูˆุฑุงุช ุงู„ูŠ ุชูƒูˆู„ ุงู„ู€ CCB and BB ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ูŠ ุณุจุจุช ุจูˆูุงุฉ ุงู„ุทุงู„ุจู‡ ุงู„ู…ุฑุญูˆู…ุฉ. ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูŠุฑุญู…ู‡ุง ูˆ ูŠุตุจุฑ ุงู‡ู„ู‡ุง ูˆ ุงู†ุง ู„ู„ู‡ ูˆุงู†ุง ุงู„ูŠู‡ ุฑุงุฌุนูˆู†.

ุงุญุฏ ูŠุนุฑู ู‚ุตุฉ ุทุงู„ุจุฉ ุงู„ุทุจ ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุณุงุฏุณุฉ ุงู„ูŠ ุตุงุฑ ุนุฏู‡ุง palpitation ูˆ ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ุงุฎุฐุช ุนู„ุงุฌุงุช ู…ุนูŠู†ู‡ ูˆ ุชูˆูุชุŸ. ูŠุง ุฑูŠุช ุงู„ูŠ ูŠุนุฑู ุงู„ู‚ุตู‡ ูˆ ุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌุงุช ูˆ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฒ ู…ุงู„ู‡ู† ูˆ ุงู„ุชุฎุทูŠุท ูŠุฏุฒู„ูŠ ุงู„ุชูุงุตูŠู„. @AASmedicalbot

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