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🔆 TOWARDS A TB-FREE INDIA: PROGRESS & JOSH CAMPAIGN 📍 GS-II: Health | Communicable Diseases & Government Schemes 📍 Source: PIB · Ministry of Health & Family Welfare · 🔆 TB IN INDIA: KEY FACTS 🟢 Causative agent: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, identified by Robert Koch in 1882. 🟢 Transmission: Airborne particles from people with active pulmonary TB. 🟢 World TB Day: 24 March. 🟢 Vaccine: BCG, which mainly protects children against severe forms of TB. 🔆 INDIA’S REPORTED PROGRESS 🟢 TB incidence declined 21% (2015–2024), compared with a 12% global decline. 🟢 TB deaths declined 28% over the same period. 🟢 Treatment coverage: 92%, against the global figure of 78%. 🟢 Over 28.1 crore people screened and 20 lakh given TB Preventive Treatment (TPT), as of June 2026. 🟢 5.7 lakh new Ni-kshay Mitras and 46,118 Gram Panchayats certified TB-free. 🟢 Treatment success under the Abhiyaan: 90%. 🔆 NATIONAL TB ELIMINATION PROGRAMME (NTEP) 🟢 Implemented by the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare under the National Health Mission. 🟢 Four pillars: Detect, Treat, Prevent and Build. 🟢 1962: National TB Control Programme. 🟢 1993: Revised National TB Control Programme (RNTCP), introducing DOTS. 🟢 2012: TB made a notifiable disease. 🟢 2020: RNTCP renamed NTEP. 🟢 2022: PM TB Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan launched. 🔆 JOSH CAMPAIGN 🟢 Full form: Joint Squad for Health. 🟢 Nationwide social-media campaign held on 13 October 2026. 🟢 Piloted in 55 districts across 11 States. 🟢 Teams include MY Bharat volunteers, NCC cadets and a designated Class-I officer. 🟢 Focus: early screening, treatment adherence, stigma reduction and active case-finding. 🔆 KEY INTERVENTIONS 🟢 Ni-kshay Mitra: Nutritional, diagnostic and vocational support for patients. 🟢 Nikshay Poshan Yojana: Direct benefit transfer of ₹1,000 per month to notified patients, as reported in the source. 🟢 BPaLM regimen: Bedaquiline, Pretomanid, Linezolid and Moxifloxacin; a six-month treatment option for eligible drug-resistant TB patients. 🟢 Truenat & CBNAAT: Molecular diagnostic technologies for TB detection. 🟢 AI-enabled handheld X-rays: Support screening and early detection. 🟢 TPT: Prevents latent TB infection from progressing to active disease. 🔆 CHALLENGES 🟢 India’s 21% incidence reduction remains below the WHO End TB Strategy’s 50% reduction milestone for 2025. 🟢 Drug resistance, undernutrition, delayed diagnosis and private-sector under-reporting remain concerns. 🟢 Nutrition assistance, diagnostic capacity and treatment adherence need sustained support. 🟢 Screening numbers and TB-free Panchayats must translate into lasting reductions in incidence and mortality. ✍️ MAINS QUESTION (15 MARKS | 250 WORDS) India’s decline in TB incidence outpaces the global average, yet the End TB milestones remain distant. Critically examine the roles of nutrition support, community mobilisation and new diagnostic and treatment tools in India’s TB elimination strategy. #Health #ScienceAndTechnology

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26 october UPSC current affairs #currentaffairs #prelims Join https://t.me/upsc_prelims_2027_28

🔆 ONE-LINERS | 26 OCTOBER 2026 🔆 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS & ISSUES 📍 India: 3rd Largest Exporter of Defence Goods to Europe 🟢 India emerged as the 3rd-largest exporter of arms and defence goods to Europe, amid rising demand under the EU’s ReArm Europe initiative. 🟢 Defence exports reached a record ₹38,424 crore (approximately €3.6 billion) in FY 2025–26, registering 62.66% growth over the previous year. 🟢 Major exports include standard ammunition, artillery shells and large- and small-calibre ammunition. 🟢 India’s defence manufacturing ecosystem includes 16 major public-sector firms, around 840 large and medium private companies, and nearly 17,000 small businesses and startups. 🟢 Indian military hardware is exported to 80+ countries. 📍 France–UK: First Joint Nuclear Air-Strike Simulation 🟢 France and the United Kingdom conducted their first-ever joint nuclear air-strike simulation, codenamed Exercise Rummy, on 20 October 2026. 🟢 French Rafale fighter jets operating from Saint-Dizier were escorted by British Eurofighter Typhoon jets. 🟢 The simulated long-range strike took place over the Mediterranean Sea; no actual nuclear weapons were used. 🟢 Both countries retain independent control over their nuclear arsenals. 🟢 The exercise reflects deeper bilateral nuclear cooperation and the concept of forward deterrence amid tensions with Russia. 📍 12th BRICS Parliamentary Forum 🟢 Held in New Delhi on 26–27 October 2026, at the Central Hall of Samvidhan Sadan, under India’s 2026 BRICS Chairship. 🟢 Theme: “Fostering Parliaments for People-Centric Development”. 🟢 Lok Sabha Speaker Om Birla leads the proceedings; Prime Minister Narendra Modi attends the inaugural programme. 🟢 Participants include parliamentary delegations from 11 member nations and 10 partner/invitee countries. 🟢 Key focus areas: legislative cooperation, Global South representation, ethical AI, digital transformation, sustainable development and global security. 📍 Ukraine Joins NATO Procurement Partnership 🟢 Ukraine joined NATO Support and Procurement Agency’s (NSPA) Security Cooperation Support Partnership (SCSP) on 22 October 2026. 🟢 It became the first and only non-NATO country to receive a dedicated, single-entry-point partnership within the SCSP. 🟢 Ukrainian defence manufacturers can register as suppliers, bid for tenders and sign contracts for four and a half years. 🟢 The partnership aims to improve Ukraine’s access to weapons and equipment while enabling NATO allies to benefit from its battlefield-tested technologies. 🔆 ECONOMY 📍 30th Meeting of the Financial Stability and Development Council (FSDC) 🟢 Chaired by Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman in New Delhi on 23 October 2026. 🟢 Discussions covered domestic and global economic conditions, geopolitical uncertainties and cybersecurity strategies, including the FSCSS. 🟢 Other priorities included domestic capital flows, fintech innovation, asset tokenisation and faster recovery of unclaimed financial assets. 🟢 The Council recommended holding meetings more frequently to address evolving global challenges. 🔆 AGRICULTURE 📍 India at World Food Prize Foundation Symposium 2026 🟢 The National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS) showcased India’s agricultural research at the 2026 Norman E. Borlaug International Dialogue, held in Des Moines, Iowa, USA, on 20–22 October. 🟢 Theme: “Before Hunger Wins”. 🟢 NAAS and ICAR research publications were displayed; an Indian student received a Global Youth Institute Award. 🟢 A roundtable on agricultural higher education was led by Dr. M. L. Jat, focusing on global partnerships and support for the Global South. 🟢 NAAS signed an MoU with the Council for Agricultural Science and Technology (CAST), USA, to promote joint research, knowledge exchange and capacity building. #CurrentAffairs

22nd October pib summary #pib Join https://t.me/PIB_UPSC        https://t.me/CSE_EXAM

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🔆 SIMBEX-2026: INDIA–SINGAPORE MARITIME EXERCISE 📍 Key Highlights 🟢 The 33rd edition of SIMBEX commenced on 21 October 2026 at Visakhapatnam. 🟢 Participants: Indian Navy and Republic of Singapore Navy (RSN). 🟢 Duration: 21–26 October 2026. 🟢 Indian ships: INS Nilgiri and INS Kamorta. 🟢 Singaporean ship: RSS Supreme, a Formidable-class frigate. 🟢 The exercise began in 1994 as Exercise Lion King, initially focusing on anti-submarine warfare. 📍 Phases of the Exercise 🟢 Harbour phase (21–23 October): Professional interactions, expert exchanges, cross-deck visits and planning conferences. 🟢 Sea phase (24–26 October): Anti-submarine, anti-surface and anti-air warfare drills, seamanship and tactical manoeuvres. 🔆 INDIA–SINGAPORE RELATIONS 🟢 1965: Singapore became independent; India was among the first countries to recognise it. 🟢 1992: India launched the Look East Policy, upgraded to the Act East Policy in 2014. 🟢 2005: India–Singapore Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Agreement (CECA). 🟢 2015: Strategic Partnership. 🟢 2024: Comprehensive Strategic Partnership. 📍 Strategic Significance 🟢 Strengthens maritime security around the Strait of Malacca and Singapore, vital international shipping routes. 🟢 Enhances interoperability and cooperation in the Bay of Bengal and wider Indo-Pacific. 🟢 Supports freedom of navigation and a rules-based maritime order under UNCLOS, 1982. 🟢 Complements SITMEX, the trilateral maritime exercise involving India, Singapore and Thailand. 📍 Key Challenges 🟢 SIMBEX represents a partnership, not a formal military alliance. 🟢 Maritime security also requires stronger fleet capacity, timely shipbuilding and effective maintenance. 🟢 Growing activity by extra-regional vessels increases the importance of anti-submarine warfare and maritime information-sharing. 🔆 MAINS QUESTION (10 MARKS | 150 WORDS) Singapore has long been central to India’s eastward engagement. Discuss how defence and maritime cooperation with Singapore advances the objectives of India’s Act East Policy and its role in the Indo-Pacific. #InternationalRelations #pib

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