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✌️"Breeder is Leader in Agriculture"✌️ #Genetics #Plant_breeding #agriculture #Botany #GPB #PBG #Breeding #plantscience #plant_science #science #jrf #horticulture

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Publicaciones del Canal
AgriAddict Agricultural Current affairs 2026.pdf101.62 MB

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#GENETICS 🔘 MITOSIS 🔘 ✅The term mitosis was coined by Flemming in 1882. ✅Mitosis refers to the spindle using nuclear division which produces two identical daughter nuclei from the parent nucleus. ✅Mitosis results in formation of two daughter cells from a single mother cell. ✅Since mitosis occurs in somatic cells, and it leads to growth of vegetative parts. ✅It is also known as somatic cell division or equational division. ✅Segregation and recombination do not take place during mítosis. 🔘 Cell cycle 🔘 ✅The period in which one cycle of cell division is completed is called cell cycle. ✅It is divided in to Interphase, Mitosis and Cytokinesis. ☑️A. Interphase: It is the longest stage of cell cycle. Generally known as DNA synthesis phase. Further divided into three sub stages. ✅a.G1 It is pre-DNA replication phase. Protein & RNA synthesis takes place during this phase. ✅b. S-phase: The chromosome and DNA replications take place during this phase. ✅c. G2: Post-DNA replication phase. Protein and RNA synthesis occur during this phase. ✅B. Mitotic phase: 1. Prophase: Chromosomes look like thin thread and uncoiled in the early prophase and become short and condensed during late prophase. The nuclear membrane and nucleolus disappear at the end of prophase. Prophase is the longest phase of mitosis. ✅2. Metaphase: Nucleolus disappear.The spindle tubes are formed and chromosomes are oriented in the centre at equatorial plate. Shortest and thickest state of chromosomes. Chromosomes are clearly visible at metaphase. ✅3. Anaphase Chromatids separate at the centromere and move towards opposite sides or pole. Chromosomes are most condensed at anaphase. It is the smallest stage of mitosis. ✅4. Telophase: Chromosomes teaches opposite sides. Nucleolus reappears during this phase. ✅C. Cytokinesis: The division of nucleus is known as karyokinesis. It is followed by division of cytoplasm, which is known as cytokinesis. Division of cytoplasm results in formation of two daughters cells.
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CCI-JCE-2023-Question-Paper.PDF
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👉🏻Tools of Plant Breeding: New tools of plant breeding include. a) Mutation breeding b) Polyploidy c) Plant Biotechnology d) In Vitro Techniques and e) Genetic engineering a) Mutation Breeding: Mutation is a sudden heritable change in a characteristic of an organism and utilization of variation created by mutation in crop improvements is known as mutation breeding. Agents used for induction of mutation known as mutagenes. It may be physical or chemical mutagenes. b) Polyploidy: An individual with more than two sets of homologous chromosome or genome known as polyploidy. Changes in chromosome number may involve loss or gain of one of few chromosomes or the whole genome. Polyploidy may be induced spontaneously or can be induced artificially by using chemicals. c) Plant Biotechnology: Utilization of biological agents or their components for generation products for the welfare of mankind, known as biotechnology. Plant biotechnology is related to such activities other than conventional approaches. It aims at improving the genetic make up, phenotypic performance and multiplication of economical plants. d) In Vitro Techniques: It is the cultivation of plant organs, tissue or cell in test tube on artificial media. In certain situation conventional breeding methods are not efficient. In that situation these methods have been supplemented by in vitro techniques/ tissue culture to increase the efficiency of crop. Ex: Eucalyptus – Yashwant Banana- Shrimati e) Genetic Engineering: Isolation of the desired from an organize, its integration into a suitable vector and its introduction into another organism (host) with a view to obtain multiple copies (Replica) of the desire gene. The gene may remain in vector or may got integrated into the chromosome of the host later it produces transgenic plant.
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• Karnataka is the largest producer of coffee in the country. • China is the largest producing and consuming country of tobacco in the world whereas,  India has third position in production of tobacco. • Phenyl mercuric acetate (PMA) is a chemical used in agriculture crops in order to:  Reduce transpiration • Jowar is known as: Camel crop Kings of coarse grains • India is the second country after China to have commercialized the hybrid rice  technology. • HD 2329 variety of wheat contributed maximum production during green revolution in India. • Plant rectangularity is: Plant to plant distance/row to row distance. • In water erosion 3 m deep and more than 18 m wide gully is known as: Small gully (G2) • 3-9 m deep and width of 18 m or more with side slope 8-15 % is known as: Medium gully (G3) Edible part of cauliflower is: Curd Blanching is an important process of: Cauliflower Whiptail of cauliflower is due to: MO Deficiency Pusa ruby is a variety of: Tomato Swaran roopa is the early variety of: Litchi Pajaro is the variety of: Strawberry Bolerois the variety of: Marigold Richest source of vitamin C is: Barbados cherry Largest importer of cut flower in the world: Germany The dwarf variety of mango: Amrapali California Papershell is the variety of Almond Fruit of rose is known as: Hips Fruit of okra is a: Capsule Coconut fat is a rich source of: Lauric acid Coconut is propagated by: Seeds Mango is mostly propagated through: Veneer grafting Inflorescence of cauliflower is known as: Cyme Inflorescence of cabbage is known as: Cat ken Black heart of potato is due to: 02 deficiency Pusa snowball is a variety of: Cauliflower India's share in the fruit production in the World is: 10% Development of fruits without fertilization is called: Parthenocarpy Development of embryo without fertilization is known as: Apomixis Oleoresin is an important product of: Chilli seeds or spices Kesar (saffron) belong to the family of: Iridiceae Concentration of sugar is used for preservation is : 60-70 % Mango variety suitable for high density planting is: Amrapali Most salt tolerant fruit crop is: Date Palm Fruit repining hormone is: Ethylene A form of low pruning upto 2 m height of stem is called as Pollarding Early variety of ber is: Gola, Seb Planting season for deciduous plants is Jan-Feb The varicy of date- palm is used for dry dates (Chhuhara) Halawi Generally fruits are in: Acidic nature Baradari is an important feature of: Mughal garden The fruit of pine apple is known as: Sorosis Which crop is propogated by means of bulbils (clove): Garlic Edible banana fruit is seedless because of: Ambryo abortion Multistoried cropping is popular in: Coconut plantation Which is the late ripening cultivar of ber: Umran The exclusion of micro-organism is known as: Asepsis Production of vegetables out of their normal season (off  season) is known as: Vegetable forcing 'Alphanso" variety of mango is grown in: Maharastra The chemical preservative used for colorless fruits is: KMS Shade loving annual flower plant is: Salvia The commonly cultivated variety of table pea in India is: Bonneville Crescent is well known for: Flower arrangement Saffron is obtained from: Style and Stigma Grapes are generally dried in: Sun Sago(Sabudana) is prepared from: Roots of Cassava/Topiaca Feni (drink) is prepared by: Cashew apple & Coconut Cider is prepared by: Apple & pear Tea is commonly propagated by: Soft wood cutting Origin place of Date palm is: Iraq Spacing recommended for Pusa Nanha variety of papaya is: 1.25 x 1.25 m Maximum litchi producing state is: Bihar Onion variety which is suitable for export & having yellow  colour: Phule suwarna The hard fruits of citrus are due to the: Boron deficiency Bael is the richest source of: Vit-B2 (riboflavin)
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PM KISAN Scheme 2026.pdf
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SRF 2026 papers part A 05-Jul-2026 01-34-37.pdf
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Raj Pre PhD Agronomy 2026 04-Jul-2026 15-18-54.pdf
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Seed Ammendment Act 1972.pdf
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seed_act-1966.pdf
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• Karnataka is the largest producer of coffee in the country. • China is the largest producing and consuming country of tobacco in the world whereas,  India has third position in production of tobacco. • Phenyl mercuric acetate (PMA) is a chemical used in agriculture crops in order to:  Reduce transpiration • Jowar is known as: Camel crop Kings of coarse grains • India is the second country after China to have commercialized the hybrid rice  technology. • HD 2329 variety of wheat contributed maximum production during green revolution in India. • Plant rectangularity is: Plant to plant distance/row to row distance. • In water erosion 3 m deep and more than 18 m wide gully is known as: Small gully (G2) • 3-9 m deep and width of 18 m or more with side slope 8-15 % is known as: Medium gully (G3) Edible part of cauliflower is: Curd Blanching is an important process of: Cauliflower Whiptail of cauliflower is due to: MO Deficiency Pusa ruby is a variety of: Tomato Swaran roopa is the early variety of: Litchi Pajaro is the variety of: Strawberry Bolerois the variety of: Marigold Richest source of vitamin C is: Barbados cherry Largest importer of cut flower in the world: Germany The dwarf variety of mango: Amrapali California Papershell is the variety of Almond Fruit of rose is known as: Hips Fruit of okra is a: Capsule Coconut fat is a rich source of: Lauric acid Coconut is propagated by: Seeds Mango is mostly propagated through: Veneer grafting Inflorescence of cauliflower is known as: Cyme Inflorescence of cabbage is known as: Cat ken Black heart of potato is due to: 02 deficiency Pusa snowball is a variety of: Cauliflower India's share in the fruit production in the World is: 10% Development of fruits without fertilization is called: Parthenocarpy Development of embryo without fertilization is known as: Apomixis Oleoresin is an important product of: Chilli seeds or spices Kesar (saffron) belong to the family of: Iridiceae Concentration of sugar is used for preservation is : 60-70 % Mango variety suitable for high density planting is: Amrapali Most salt tolerant fruit crop is: Date Palm Fruit repining hormone is: Ethylene A form of low pruning upto 2 m height of stem is called as Pollarding Early variety of ber is: Gola, Seb Planting season for deciduous plants is Jan-Feb The varicy of date- palm is used for dry dates (Chhuhara) Halawi Generally fruits are in: Acidic nature Baradari is an important feature of: Mughal garden The fruit of pine apple is known as: Sorosis Which crop is propogated by means of bulbils (clove): Garlic Edible banana fruit is seedless because of: Ambryo abortion Multistoried cropping is popular in: Coconut plantation Which is the late ripening cultivar of ber: Umran The exclusion of micro-organism is known as: Asepsis Production of vegetables out of their normal season (off  season) is known as: Vegetable forcing 'Alphanso" variety of mango is grown in: Maharastra The chemical preservative used for colorless fruits is: KMS Shade loving annual flower plant is: Salvia The commonly cultivated variety of table pea in India is: Bonneville Crescent is well known for: Flower arrangement Saffron is obtained from: Style and Stigma Grapes are generally dried in: Sun Sago(Sabudana) is prepared from: Roots of Cassava/Topiaca Feni (drink) is prepared by: Cashew apple & Coconut Cider is prepared by: Apple & pear Tea is commonly propagated by: Soft wood cutting Origin place of Date palm is: Iraq Spacing recommended for Pusa Nanha variety of papaya is: 1.25 x 1.25 m Maximum litchi producing state is: Bihar Onion variety which is suitable for export & having yellow  colour: Phule suwarna The hard fruits of citrus are due to the: Boron deficiency Bael is the richest source of: Vit-B2 (riboflavin)
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🔘Pusa Yashasvi🔘 ✅Recently, the Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) has released a new variety of wheat named Pusa Yashasvi. ✅It is also known as HD-3226. ✅It has higher genetic yield potential (at 79.6 quintals) as compared to other varieties of wheat. ✅Pusa Yashasvi has a higher content of zinc, protein, and gluten (which contributes to the strength and elasticity of the dough). ✅The best feature of this variety of wheat is that it is highly resistant against all major rust fungi viz. yellow/stripe, brown/leaf, and black/stem. ✅It is compliant to the conservation agriculture
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