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The curve of Wilson is the across arch curvature or posterior occlusal plane. It is convex (محدب)in the maxillary arch, but concave(مقعر) in the mandibular arch.

anteroposterior curve (curve of Spee), which is concave(مقعر) in the mandibular arch and convex(محدب) in the maxillary arch.

🔷️TERMINOLOGY RELATED TO THE IDEAL TOOTH ALIGNMENT OF TEETH IN DENTAL ARCHES المصطلحات المتعلقة بالمحاذاة المثالية للأسنان في أقواس الأسنان

🔹️IMPORTANT TOOTH DIMENSIONS

🔹️The furcation is the place on multi-rooted teeth where the root trunk divides into separate roots (called a bifurcation on two-rooted teeth and a trifurcation on three-rooted teeth). 🔹️The furcal region or interradicular space is the region or space between two or more roots, apical to the place where the roots divide from the root trunk.

Tertiary anatomy. To create the tertiary anatomy (perikymata) we should use a thin grain bur (831-204-012, Komet) in a horizontal movement at slow speed, creating some thin lines in the composite surface.

🔹️perikymata :- are the numerous, minute horizontal ridges on the enamel of newly erupted permanent teeth. Perikymata :- are more prominent on the teeth of young people than on the teeth of older persons because perikymata, like mamelons, wear away from ongoing abrasion due to eating and even tooth brushing with abrasive toothpastes. تكون بارزه عند الشباب اكثر من الكبير بالعمر لان perikymata تتآكل مثل mamelons نتيجة الاكل أو تفريش الأسنان

عمي ما تخلونا نعايد العالم

When mamelons remain on an adult, it is because these teeth do not contact opposing teeth in function, as may occur when maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth do not touch together during function (called an anterior open-bite relationship). احيانا نلاحظ ان mamelons موجودة عند adult هذا يعود لان ماكو اطباق و تسمى الحاله open_bite و ممكن لمه الشخص يسوي تقويم ويرجع الأطباق و نتيجة الاحتكاك بين الأسنان بمرور الوقت تتآكل mamelons. أو ممكن dentist يسويلها تنعيم .

🔹️Mamelons are three small tubercles or scallops, each formed from one of the three facial developmental lobes on the incisal edges of newly erupted incisors .. Usually mamelons are not evident on adult dentition since they are worn off after the tooth comes into functional contact with its opposing teeth. 🔸️ عادة memelons ما تكون واضحه عند adult لان تتآكل لمه الأسنان تحتك خلال الاكل .

🔹️Triangular ridges are located on each major cusp of posterior teeth. Each triangular ridge extends from a cusp tip toward the depression (sulcus) in the middle of the occlusal surface faciolingually .. 🔹️the two ridges together form a longer ridge called a transverse ridge.. 🔹️An oblique ridge is found only on maxillary molars..

🔷️TERMINOLOGY USED TO DESCRIBE THE MORPHOLOGY OF A TOOTH المصطلحات المستخدمة لوصف مورفولوجية الأسنان