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+1Myringotomy nife
used to make an incision on the tympanic
membrane for serous otitis media or unresolved acute otitis
media
Ear washing syring
Uses:
a. To remove softened wax
b. To remove foreign body ( not impacted)
.
Contraindications:
a. Perforated tympanic membrane
b. Otitis externa
c. CSF otorrhea
d. foreign body impacted
e. Atrophic or thinned out tympanic membrane.
Complications:
a. Tympanic membrane rupture
b. Vasovagal attack
c. Injury to the external auditory canal
d. Vertigo due to stimulation of labyrinth.
+1Aural speculum
Type
1. Plastic aural speculum
2. Metalic aural speculum
Uses:
a. Examination of the external ear canal and tympanic
membrane
b. Removal of wax, foreign body, otomycosis or ear discharge
c. In operative procedures like myringotomy, myringoplasty,
stapedotomy, stapedectomy
+1Ear otoscope
used to visualize
the external auditory canal, tympanic membrane a
Complications of Sinusitis
📌Local complications
Mucocele
Osteomyelitis (Pott’s puffy tumor)
📌Orbital complications
Periorbital cellulitis
Orbital cellulitis
Orbital abscess
Subperiosteal abscess
Cavernous sinus thrombosis
📌 Intracranial complications
Meningitis
Subperiosteal abscess
📌Intracranial complications:
Epidural abscess
Meningitis
Subdural abscess
Frontal lobe ab
Siegle pneumatic otoscope
Use
a•Siegelization
b. Fistula test
c. Examination of external ear canal and tympanic membrane.
Tunning fork test
Use for Rinne test and Weber's test
To detect the type of hearing loss
To make an approximate estimate of the degree of hearing
loss.
Complications of suppurative otitis media:-
• TYPES:
1- Cranial complications
(in the bone of the cranium):
1- Mastoiditis
2- Labyrinthitis.
3-Petrositis.
4- Facial paralysis.
Il-Intra cranial complications:
1- Extradural abscess.
2- Subdural abscess.
3- Meningitis.
4- Brain abscess
5- Lateral sinus thrombophlebitis.
6- Otitic hydrocephalus.
III-Extra cranial complications:
1- Diffuse otitis externa.
2-Jugular vein thrombosis
3- Bezold's abscess
4- Cittell's abscess
CLINICAL PICTURE:
Symptoms: History of trauma
- Pain
- Deafness and tinnitis.
- Bleeding
- Whistling sound on blowing of the nose.
Signs:
Otoscopy:
EAC: may show blood clots
- Drum: shows perforation, irregular
• Tuning Fork tests: CHL
TREATMENT:
a-Medical (conservative):
Avoid 2:
Wetting of ear (i.e. keep it dry).
Blowing of nose.
Give 2:
Systemic antibiotics.
Decongestant nasal drops.
b- Surgical:
Myringoplasty is indicated after failure of medical treatment for 3-6 months.
🔴Wax in the EAC.
🔴SYMPTOMS:
¹- Deafness
²-Tinnitus.
🔴TREATMENT:
ear washing (syringing), but if the
wax is hard it should be softened
by glycerin bicarbonate or H2O2
ear drops before wash.
#EAR
#B2_short_note
🔴OTOMYCOSIS.
🔴SYMPTOMS:
¹-itching in EAC
²- Deafness
🔴SIGNS:
-wet news papers
🔴TREATMENT:
¹-local cleaning of EAC
²-antifungal ear drops
³-packing of EAC.
#EAR
#B2_short_note
🔴DIAGNOSIS:
perichondritis of the auricle
🔴DEFINITION:
inflammation of perichondrium
and cartilage of the auricle.
🔴ATIOLOGY:
¹-infected hematoma
²-infected surgical wound
³-furuncle (if squeezed)
🔴CLINICAL PICTURE:
¹-auricle swollen
²-red,hot
³-painful and tender
🔴COMPLICATIONS:
-cartilage necrosis
-fibrosis
🔴TREATMENT:
¹-antibiotics
²-analgesics
³-incision and drainage with
debridment
#EAR
#B2_short_note
🔴INDICATION:
¹-wax
²-FB(not impacted ,not vegetable)
³-otomycosis(fungal mass)
⁴-caloric test
🔴CONTRAINDICATIONS:
¹-perforation
²-FB(impacted or vegetable)
³-otitis externa(bacterial or viral).
🔴 COMPLICATIONS :
¹- injury to EAC or drum
(rupture).
²-infection to EAC or ME after
rupture of the drum
³-stimulation of inner ear lead to
vertigo and nystagmus
⁴-stimulation of vagus lead to
reflex cough and vaso-vagal
attak
#EAR
#B2_short_note
🔴DIAGNOSIS:
Kelloit.
🔴cause:
Trauma ➡️healing by over growth
of scar.
🔴TREATMENT:
¹-injection by steroid.
²-surgical excision.
#EAR
#B2_short_note
