Research Methods in AL

Just out: Secondary Research in Applied Linguistics: A Meta-Systematic Review of the Last Three Decades BY : Hessameddin Ghanbar, Marzieh Dehghan-Chaleshtori, and Mohammad Amini Farsani This is our most recent article, presenting the most comprehensive meta-review to date on secondary research in the field, synthesizing 30 years of publications (n = 1,560). Through systematic searches of five prestigious databases—Web of Science (WoS), Scopus, LLBA, PsycINFO, and ERIC—we identified 14 main types of secondary research along with several additional subtypes, and mapped more than 40 distinct research foci. To guide and inspire future work, the article also includes four integrated appendices serving as a detailed methodological resource for conducting similar studies. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/29984475.2025.2546836?src=exp-la

What is the Noncentrality Parameter? (A new part added to the most recent version of SPSS in ANOVA's tables The noncentrality parameter (λ) is a value used in noncentral distributions (like the noncentral F-distribution) to compute: Observed power Confidence intervals Critical values for hypothesis tests It quantifies how far the true distribution is from the null distribution. When λ = 0, the F-distribution is central (i.e., under the null hypothesis). A larger λ means a larger effect — the further the true mean is from the null. Noncent. Parameter (λ): A theoretical value that determines the shape of the F-distribution under the alternative hypothesis. Higher λ>>>Greater deviation from null → stronger evidence for the effect. Used for>>>Calculating observed power and confidence intervals.

Different Types of Contrast in ANOVAs in SPSS and Other Programs

Two Corrections for Cohen's D in SPSS's Tables and their Functions ▶️ Hedge's Correction: 🔹 When the sample size is small (e.g., n=8 in each group), we can use Hedge's Correction. That is a variation of Cohen's d which includes a correction for small sample sizes. This adjustment makes the data analysis more accurate when sample sizes are below 20 per group. ................... ▶️ Glass's delta: 🔹Because group variances were unequal, we calculated Glass's delta instead of Cohen's d. Glass's delta measures effect size using the control group's standard deviation, making it appropriate when variances differ.

Typical Moderator Variables in AL

💡MANOVA Assumptions

📍Thematic Analysis 📍Content Analysis 📍Narrative Analysis

Dear Colleagues, We are delighted to share that our new book, "Key Concepts in Syllabus Design and Materials Development," has just been published! A heartfelt thanks goes to my esteemed co-author, Professor Zia Tajeddin, for his exceptional collaboration, dedication, and hard work throughout this rewarding journey. 📖 Explore our book here: 👉https://www.cambridgescholars.com/product/978-1-0364-4158-6 We hope scholars, educators, and practitioners find it insightful and enriching.

Dear Colleagues, Greetings. You might be interested in this monograph, the idea of which came to my mind four years ago after being enlightened by Yin et al.'s (2019) study on the Dispositions towards Loving Pedagogy (DTLP) scale: Instrument development and demographic analysis. The new scale development and validation might be suitable for EFL/ESL contexts. Derakhshan, A. (2025). _Loving pedagogy in second and foreign language education: Underlying components, measurement, and ecological systems_. Springer. https://link.springer.com/book/9783031983849 This monograph was supported by my national project in China. Best, Ali Derakhshan [11/06, 16:37] +98 912 634 7213: Dear Colleagues, We are delighted to share that our new book, "Key Concepts in Syllabus Design and Materials Development," has just been published! A heartfelt thanks goes to my esteemed co-author, Professor Zia Tajeddin, for his exceptional collaboration, dedication, and hard work throughout this rewarding journey. 📖 Explore our book here: 👉https://www.cambridgescholars.com/product/978-1-0364-4158-6 We hope scholars, educators, and practitioners find it insightful and enriching.

Module 1 🔵 Part I: Data Structure Issues and Design Technicalities Objective: Equip students with foundational knowledge to prepare and structure data for valid and reliable mean-difference analysis in SPSS. 1. Introduction to Mean-Difference Techniques ▪️Overview of t-tests and ANOVA ▪️When and why to use mean-comparison methods 2. Research Design Essentials ▪️Independent vs. repeated measures designs ▪️Between-group vs. within-subject variables ▪️Randomization, control, and matching 3. Variables and Measurement ▪️Levels of measurement (nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio) ▪️Dependent and independent variable specification 4. Data Structure in SPSS ▪️Setting up the variable view and data view ▪️Labeling variables and values correctly ▪️Coding group membership (dummy coding, grouping variables) 5. Data Cleaning and Assumption Checking ▪️Handling missing data ▪️Testing for normality and outliers ▪️Homogeneity of variance and sphericity Part II: Application of Mean-Difference Techniques in SPSS Objective: Develop hands-on skills to conduct, interpret, and report t-tests and ANOVAs using SPSS. 6. Independent Samples t-test ▪️Use cases, assumptions ▪️Running the test in SPSS ▪️Interpreting SPSS output 7. Paired Samples t-test ▪️Use with repeated measures ▪️Applications and SPSS procedure ▪️Reporting effect sizes 8. One-Way ANOVA ▪️Assumptions and post-hoc tests ▪️Conducting and interpreting ANOVA in SPSS 9. Repeated Measures ANOVA ▪️Structure and assumptions ▪️Sphericity and corrections (Greenhouse-Geisser etc.) 10. Factorial ANOVA (Two-way ANOVA) ▪️Interaction effects ▪️Main vs. interaction effects interpretation ▪️Visualizing interaction plots 11. Reporting Results ▪️APA-style reporting of SPSS outputs ▪️Tables, figures, and interpretation 12. Common Mistakes

📚 PREET Center presents: 🔴 A Practical Course on Quantitative Research Designs with SPSS (Module 1) 🔹 Instructor: Dr. Hessameddin Ghanber 🔹 Duration: Six weeks (six sessions) 🔹 Schedule: Tuesdays: 16:30-18:00 🔹 The workshops will be held on the Google Meet platform and will have the support. 📣  Registration has started. (Limited capacity) ▪️ For more information and registration: Telegram: @preetadmin WhatsApp & SMS: +989359289774 ▪️For each participant in the workshop, a digital certificate signed by Dr. Minoo Alemi, Dr. Zia Tajeddin, and Dr. Hessameddin Ghanbar will be issued. ▪️Join our Telegram Channel: @preetcenter

Dear All The new issue of Applied Pragmatics has been published. Applied Pragmatics Volume 7, Issue 1 (2025) Frequency and listener perceptions of the nursery we in instructor-student interactions Elizabeth Hanks | pp. 1–28   Does grammatical aspect convey pragmatic meaning? The case of believe in the progressive aspect Marianna Gracheva | pp. 29–55   Ontological realism as a validity criterion in second-language strategic competence assessment Stephen P O’Connell & Steven J Ross | pp. 56–81   Pragmatic research in English as an Asian lingua franca: A systematic review Xianming Fang | pp. 82–108 Editors Zia Tajeddin Naoko Taguchi Associate Editors Minoo Alemi Anne Barron Zohreh R. Eslami Thi Thuy Minh Nguyen   benjamins.com/catalog/ap.7.1

One of the most insightfully reflective, thoughtful, and thought-provoking projects I know of in the entire field. So glad to see this outstanding volume, edited by Lee McCallum, Dara Tafazoli, and Ali H. Al-Hoorie, out and 100% openaccess Research Cultures in Applied Linguistics and TESOL Lee McCallum, Dara Tafazoli, & Ali H. Al-Hoorie (Eds.) 2025 (PDFs of individual chapters can be downloaded using the links below.) https://drive.google.com/file/d/1_K3Xtp-BjYRiVzPI4j_4hqNBKHsUnLRB/view