Research Methods in AL

Just out: Autoethnography in TESOL Teacher Education: A Methodological Synthesis by Hessameddin ghanbar and Jaber Kamali, in TESOL QUARTERLY. In this innovative and comprehensive methodological synthesis, we examine the use of autoethnography from a wide range of perspectives, encompassing research foci, methodological approaches, as well as inherent limitations and broader implications. In addition, five open-access appendices provide researchers with valuable opportunities to examine the research questions and data-collection techniques employed in autoethnographic studies in the field over the last 30 years. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/tesq.70058

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What is the name and the function of this graph?? This type of graph is most commonly called a spaghetti plot. In R / statistics terminology (Produced in R) This called Spaghetti plot😊 It is used to display individual trajectories over time or conditions (e.g., Time 1 –Time 5), where each subject/unit is connected by lines. Vertical axis is a measure, for example, writing scores....

Last night I reviewed a paper and I saw that authors used a pretest-posttest design. They checked that in the pretest groups were not different, so they just examined groups on the postest!!! Remember!! By so doing you omitted the effects of time and this results in a high amount of unexplained variance in the model....it is highly likely that your paper will be rejected...be careful about repeated measures...

The Typology of Autoethnography in TESOL. Source: Ghanbar, H., & Kamali (2026). Autoethnography in TESOL Teacher Education: A Methodological Synthesis. TESOL Quarterly.