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اسئلة د.عمار https://t.me/pharma89a/1748 اسئلة د.محمد https://t.me/pharma89a/1750 اسئلة د.زينب https://t.me/pharma89a/1752 ملخص محاضرات 8 - 9 - 10 د.زينب من دفعة 88🤍 https://t.me/pharma89a/1754 عسى ان تكون ختامها مسك all the best 🤍

Chloramphenicol:  Broad spectrum The main pathway of metabolism is through 3-o glucuronidation Inactivated by chloramphenicol acetyltransferase Use for severe infections Has bitter taste

Clindamycin: Contain chlorine group at position 7 More potent than lincomycin Cause diarrhea Inhibit protein synthesis Contain sulfur يشبه ال lincomycin بس عندة chlorine بالموقع السابع ابدال ال OH

Lincomycin: Contain pyrrolidine nitrogen Cause diarrhea Inhibit protein synthesis Contain sulfur

Azithromycin: Contain basic tertiary amine at C9 Acid stable Protein synthesis inhibitor يشبه ال erythromycin بس عندة tertiary amine بالموقع 9 بدال الكيتون

Clarithromycin: Is the 6-methyl ether analog of erythromycin Have better properties than erythromycin and less GI adverse effects Protein synthesis inhibitor يشبه ال erythromycin بس الاختلاف بالموقع السادس عندة methyl ether بينما ال erythromycin عندة OH

Erythromycin: The amino sugar at c3 is cladinose and at c5 is desosamine Have irregular oral absorption and bitter taste Protein synthesis inhibitor

Doxycycline: Don’t have the 6-hydroxyl group Have long half life Have 5-alphahydroxyl group Stable in acids and bases يشبه ستركجر ال tetracycline بس مابيه oH بالموقع 6

Spectinomycin: Bacteriostatic Doesn’t cause misreading mutations حتى نفرق بالستركجرات مال ال aminoglycosides نحسب عدد الامينات اذا 7 فحيكون streptomycin واذا 5 فيكون Amikacin واذا 6 فيكون Gentamicin واذا 2 فيكون Spectinomycin 🌚

Gentamicin: Have strong activity against P.aeruginosa Inactivated by adenylylation and acetylation

Amikacin: The most resistant aminoglycoside Can be inactivated by aminotransferase that acetylate the 6 amino and the 4-nucleotidyl transferase Less ototoxic than kanamycin or gentamicin

Streptomycin: Contain two guanidino groups and one methyl amino group It’s problems include early resistance of bacteria strains and chronic toxicity Can be use as adjunct to other treatments for TB

New cephalosporin Aztreonam: It’s monobactam Have high affinity to PBP3 in gram negative bacteria only Inactive against gram positive bacteria and anaerobes Contain isobutyic acid oximinoacyl group

New cephalsporin Cefpirome: Fourth generation cephalosporin Have quaternary ammonium group at 3 position Have potency against gram positive and gram negative bacteria

Ceftazidime: Third generation cephalosporin Have antipseudomnal activity Contain pyridinum group at position 3 Have beta lactamase resistant due to the presence of 2-methylproionicoxaminoacyl group

Ceftriaxone: Third generation cephalosporin Broad spectrum Have long half life given once daily Excretion in bile and urine The unique pharmacokinetics properties due to the presence of dioxotriazine ring Less active against B.fragilis

Cefotaxime : Third generation cephalosporin Broad spectrum

Cefixime: Third generation cephalosporin Can be given orally Broad spectrum Less active against S.aureus

ملخص محاضرات 8 - 9 - 10 د.زينب من دفعة 88🤍