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Channel Posts
Question-113:- How do you configure sticky sessions in Kubernetes?
In Kubernetes, sticky sessions means the requests from the same client are repeatedly routed to the same Pod instead of being load-balanced across different Pods.
1.Sticky sessions or session affinity is a convenient strategy to keep subsequent requests always reaching the same pod.
2.The simplest Kubernetes-native approach is sessionAffinity: ClientIP. Kubernetes supports ClientIP and None; the default is None.
# Enable sticky sessions
sessionAffinity: ClientIP
3.The default sticky-session timeout is 10,800 seconds (3 hours), and we can configure it with sessionAffinityConfig.clientIP.timeoutSeconds; the maximum is 86,400 seconds (24 hours).
4.There are two common places where sticky sessions can be configured
Kubernetes Service-------->sessionAffinity: ClientIP
Ingress / external Load Balancer--------->Cookie-based or LB-specific stickiness
5.Sticky sessions are often used for applications that store session state locally in the Pod
To learn aws&Devops from scratch ping me 9154078579
| 2 | Question-112:-your application suddenly receives 10x normal traffic. how would you design aws infrastructure to handle the traffic?
To handle a sudden 10x traffic increase, we design an elastic, multi-layered AWS architecture that scales compute dynamically, caches data at the edge, and protects backend databases from saturation
1.Amazon Route 53 Routes traffic globally with latency-based or geoproximity routing to spread the load across multiple AWS Regions if necessary
2. A 10x spike might be a DDoS(Distributed Denial-of-Service) attack. AWS WAF implements rate-limiting rules to block malicious traffic at the edge before it consumes backend bandwidth.
3.ALBs scale automatically, but a sudden instantaneous 10x burst can outpace its scaling algorithm. If the spike is predictable (e.g., a flash sale), we must pre-warm the ALB via AWS Support to ensure it handles the immediate wall of traffic.
4.Applications must be stateless so instances can be created or destroyed dynamically without losing user sessions
5.A 10x traffic surge creates a massive flood of database connection requests, which can exhaust DB memory. RDS Proxy pools and shares these connections to keep the database from buckling under the overhead.
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| 3 | Question-111:-Your application is healthy, but users experience intermittent timeouts.
How would you identify whether the issue is in the application, network, infrastructure, or load balancer?
we need to check load balancer metrics and logs to see how it handles traffic
1.If loadbalancer showing 504 error means the load balancer timed out waiting for a response from our application. If our app takes 70 seconds to reply but our load balancer timeout is set to 60 seconds, the load balancer cuts the connection.
2.If loadbalancer is it showing 502 error means a bad gateway, often caused by a keep-alive mismatch where our backend closes an idle connection before the load b
alancer expects it to
3.Need to check locked database tables, or memory pressure that temporarily stops the app from responding to new requests.
4. specific queries or slow database calls cause rare spikes that exceed timeout limits, even though average response times look fine.
5.we need to check VPC flow logs or network interfaces for high TCP retransmissions or packet drops.
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| 4 | Hi i am going to start Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) session on 5-10-2026 Monday@8AM IST
Generative AI & Foundation Models
Prompt Engineering
RAG & Knowledge Bases
AI Agents & Agentic AI
ping me who are interested to jion in my session 9154078579 | 644 |
| 5 |  +2Implemented RAG on AWS by Building an AI-powered Knowledge Base, with Amazon Bedrock and S3 Vectors
what is RAG?
RAG = Retrieval-Augmented Generation
RAG is an AI technique where a Large Language Model (LLM) retrieves relevant information from an external knowledge source and then uses that information to generate an answer.
What is Knowledge Base in RAG?
A Knowledge Base (KB) in RAG is a collection of information that an AI system can search and retrieve from when answering a user's question.
what is Amazon Bedrock?
Amazon Bedrock is an AWS fully managed service for building generative AI applications using foundation models (FMs) from Amazon and other AI providers. It provides APIs and tools so we can use these models without managing the underlying model infrastructure
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| 6 | Question-110:-Two applications are running in different VPCs and need secure communication. How would you design the connectivity?
1.VPC Peering connects two VPCs using the cloud providers internal, private backbone network. Traffic remains entirely private and never traverses the public internet.
2.AWS PrivateLink is the ideal solution for Application B acts strictly as a "service" or API provider to Application A—or if both VPCs have overlapping IP address blocks
3.If we require strict, fine-grained HTTP/HTTPS request-level authentication without managing complex routing tables, Amazon VPC Lattice provides a managed service mesh layer.
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| 7 | Question-109:- You have a Java application running inside a Docker container on a VM. If the process has one PID inside the container and another PID on the host, which PiD is greater and why?
1.The host PID is always greater than the container PID
2.Inside the container, the namespace creates a isolated environment where our Java application thinks it is the only major process running, assigning it PID 1 (or a very low number).
3.On the host, the process is viewed as part of the entire system's global process tree. Since the host has been running many system processes, daemons, and services.
4.The host tracks every process across the entire virtual machine consecutively, the global counter will almost always be much higher than the isolated, freshly initialized counter inside the container.
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| 8 |  How to use driftctl for aws terraform ?
1. driftctl is used to find differences between our AWS live infrastructure and our Terraform state files
2. driftctl needs read-only permissions to scan our AWS environment. It automatically picks up standard AWS environment variables
3.By default, running driftctl scan looks for a local terraform.tfstate file in our current working directory.
driftctl scan --from tfstate://terraform.tfstate
4.If our AWS infrastructure is split across multiple state files, pass multiple --from flags
driftctl scan --from tfstate+s3://my-bucket/vpc.tfstate --from tfstate+s3://my-bucket/apps.tfstate
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| 9 | Question:-108 Explain what a Helm release is, and how it is different from a chart.
In Helm a release is a running, deployed instance of a Helm chart inside a Kubernetes cluster
1.Helm release it consists of actual running Kubernetes resources (Pods, Services, etc.). Helm chart is a compressed file (.tgz), or a repository.
2.we can deploy the same chart multiple times to create separate releases (e.g., frontend-dev and frontend-prod). we only need one chart for an application.
3. Helm stores release information dynamically as Kubernetes Secrets within the cluster itself. It doesn't need an external database to track what is currently running.
4. Every time we update a release (e.g., changing an environment variable or upgrading the image version via helm upgrade), Helm increments the revision number (Revision 1, Revision 2, etc.). If an upgrade fails, we can instantly rollback the specific release to a previous stable revision using helm rollback.
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| 11 |  No text... | 1 110 |
| 12 | Question:-106 Suppose your EKS cluster is experiencing pod CrashLoopBackOff issues. Walk me through your debugging process.
When an Amazon EKS cluster experiences a CrashLoopBackOff issue, it means the container image was pulled successfully, but the application inside the container is starting, crashing, and restarting repeatedly
1. we can describe pod and check initially
kubectl describe pod <pod-name> -n <namespace>
we can check events section and the container status
A. If a liveness probe is misconfigured or too aggressive, it will kill a healthy application before it finishes booting up.
B. Issues mounting AWS EBS volumes, EFS, or missing ConfigMaps/Secrets keys.
2.If the platform infrastructure looks healthy, the bug is almost certainly inside the application
kubectl logs <pod-name> -n <namespace> --previous
Missing database connection strings, unhandled exceptions, database migration failures, or filesystem permission errors.
3.If the app crashes because it cannot connect to an Amazon RDS database, I verify that the EKS cluster security group is allowed on the RDS instance security group
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| 13 | Hi I am going to start new aws&Devops session on 16-09-2026 Wednesday @7 Am IST The training main intention is to clear the interview on your own
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| 14 | How To Get the Pod IP in Kubernetes ?
1.Each Pod is assigned a unique IP address upon initialization, which facilitates communication.
2.containers in a Pod share the same network namespace, IP address, and resources and can all reach each other's ports on localhost.
3.The Container Network Interface (CNI) plugin assigns IP addresses to pods by communicating with the container runtime when a pod is created and releasing them when the pod is deleted.
4.The CNI plugin is configured with a large CIDR range (e.g., 10.10.0.0/16)
5.When a new pod is created, Kubernetes asks the CNI plugin for an IP
6.The CNI plugin has an IPAM (IP Address Management) component that tracks all IPs
7.The CNI configures the network interfaces and routing for the pod
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| 15 | what is dns resolution in pod?
1. It is the process where an application inside a pod translates domain or service names into IP addresses using the cluster's internal DNS server
2. Kubernetes automatically injects an /etc/resolv.conf file into every container inside a pod.
3. Pod IPs in Kubernetes are ephemeral and change constantly when pods crash or scale, applications rely on stable Service names to talk to one another.
To solve pod DNS resolution issues, we must check CoreDNS status
example : Need to check if CoreDNS pods are running using kubectl get pods -n kube-system -l k8s-app=kube-dns
Inspect CoreDNS logs for errors using kubectl logs -n kube-system -l k8s-app=kube-dns
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| 16 | Question:-104 How are you handling security risks under release pressure in aws and devops ?
1. Balancing rapid release pressure with cloud security requires transitioning from a manual "gatekeeper" model to an automated DevSecops
2.we can use tools like Checkov, TFLint, or KICS scan Terraform, AWS CloudFormation, or AWS CDK templates for misconfigurations (e.g., open S3 buckets) before deployment.
3.AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) Access Analyzer automatically validates policies against best practices during the deployment pipeline.
4.AWS Config Continuously monitors and records AWS resource configurations, automatically flagging or reverting changes that violate compliance rules.
5.Amazon GuardDuty Uses machine learning to detect threats, unauthorized access, and malicious activity in near-real-time across AWS accounts.
6. Amazon Inspector Automatically and continuously scans EC2 instances, container images in Amazon ECR, and AWS Lambda functions for software vulnerabilities.
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| 17 | Question:-103 Do you create pipelines or mainly support deployments in devops ?
Yes both pipeline creation and deployment support are fully handled.
I can do both. I can write the actual configuration files to build our CI/CD pipelines from scratch, and I can troubleshoot or support existing deployments.
1. I can generate complete, production-ready configuration files for platforms like GitHub Actions and Jenkins
2.Continuous Integration (CI): I can write steps to automate linting, static code analysis (like SonarQube), running unit tests, and building Docker images.
3.Continuous Delivery/Deployment (CD): I can configure multi-stage environments (Dev, Staging, Prod) with manual approval gates, rolling updates, or blue-green strategies.
4.Infrastructure as Code (IaC): I can provision the infrastructure your pipelines deploy to by writing Terraform files
5.Kubernetes crash loops (CrashLoopBackOff), or Docker build errors, and I will isolate the root cause and provide the fix.
6.I can write Kubernetes manifests, Helm charts, or ArgoCD/Flux configurations to manage stateful deployments.
7. I can help you optimize slow build times, fix caching strategies, or secure our pipeline by shifting to secret management tools like HashiCorp Vault.
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| 18 | Question:-102 How many Internet Gateway are there in VPC's ? Can you create more ?
1. A VPC can also have zero Internet Gateways if it is designed to be completely private
2. It is a strict 1:1 relationship an Internet Gateway cannot be attached to multiple VPCs simultaneously.
3. we cannot attach more than one IGW to a single VPC.
4. A single Internet Gateway is already highly available, redundant, and scales horizontally automatically.
5. Exactly one Internet Gateway connects to a single VPC. An Internet Gateway also connects to only one VPC at a time.
6. The total number of Internet Gateways per region matches your VPC limit (default is 5 per region, but we can request an increase). we cannot attach two of them to the same VPC.
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| 19 |  Call with an 8+ years experienced aws&Devops expert | 1 125 |
| 20 |  We are making a big network team by connecting with real time employees to unemployed &job searching people on Aws and devops
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