4 324
Subscribers
+124 hours
+147 days
+4830 days
Posts Archive
Repost from Cardiomedical group
-#LATRAL_MEDULLARY_SYNDROME :
*cerebellar signs, contralateral sensory loss & ipsilateral Horner's
Lateral medullary syndrome, also known as Wallenberg's syndrome, occurs following *occlusion of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery
#Cerebellar_features
*ataxia
*nystagmus
#Brainstem_features
ipsilateral: dysphagia, facial numbness, cranial nerve palsy e.g. Horner's
contralateral: limb sensory loss
Repost from Cardiomedical group
#Glasgow_Criteria_for_prognosis_of_Acute #Pancreatitis---:-
...(.#PANCREAS)
*P-----PaO2 <60mmHg
*A-----Age >55years
*N-----Neutrophilic leukocytosis >15000/cmm
*C-----Serum Ca <2mmol/L
*R-----(Renal) Urea >16mmol/L
*E-----(Enzymes) LDH>600 U/L, ALT>200 U/L
*A-----Albumin <32gm/L
*S-----(Suger) Glucose >10mmol/L
#Score more than 3 out of 9 indicate Bad prognosis.
Repost from زيت الباطنية
دا افضل فيديو لاقاني لل
Gaits Examination
1- Hemiplegic gait (pyramidal gait):- due to (UMNL) affect one side of body.
The upper limb held in flexion and adduction & lower limb extension (streak like) with
circumduction at hip during walking.
2- Festinating gait (shuffling):- extrapyramidal lesion, (Parkinson’s disease).
3- Motor ataxia (cerebellum):- broad based gait, drunken like gait.
4- Stumping gait: - occur in sensory ataxia (deep sensation loss).
5- diaplegic or CP gait (adduction ..or may be scissoring)
6- Waddling or myopathic gait:
- occur in any proximal musculoskeletal abnormality in lower limbs.
7- Stepping gait: - occur in common peroneal nerve lesion (foot drop).
8- Choreiform gait
Inverted U waves with hyperacute t waves) + chest pain
Are a very specific sign of myocardial ischaemia ,
May be the earliest marker of unstable angina and evolving myocardial infarction,
Have been shown to predict a ≥ 75% stenosis of the LAD / LMCA and the presence of left ventricular dysfunction
The main causes of inverted U waves are:
Coronary artery disease
Hypertension
Valvular and Congenital heart diseases
Cardiomyopathy
Hyperthyroidism
Features of Normal U waves
The U wave normally goes in the same direction as the T wave
The voltage of the U wave is normally < 25% of the T wave
if >1-2mm or 25% of the height of the T wave.( prominent U wave but upright)
The most common cause of prominent U waves is
bradycardia,
severe hypokalaemia.
📌Lung Cancer :-
💡The most common cause of bronchial cancer is cigarette smoking.
💡The most common type of lung cancer is adenocarcinoma.
💡The least common type of lung cancer is large cell carcinoma.
💡The most common worst type of lung cancer is mainly mesothelioma (2_3 months survival rate) and small cell carcinoma (1_2 years survival rate).
💡The most common early symptom is dry cough.
💡The most common lung cancer causing superior vena cava syndrome is small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC).
💡The most common lung cancer causing pancoast tumor is squamous cell carcinoma.
💡The most common lung cancer causing SIADH is small cell carcinoma (due to secretion of ADH).
💡The most common lung cancer causing hypercalcemia is squamous cell carcinoma (due to secretion of PTH_like protein).
💡The most common lung cancer causing cushing's syndrome is small cell carcinoma (due to secretion of ectopic ACTH).
💡The most common lung cancer causing eaton_lambert syndrome is small cell carcinoma.
💡The most common lung cancer causing hypertrophic osteoarthropathy is adenocarcinoma.
💡The most common lung cancer causing gynecomastia and galactorrhoea in males and false positive pregnancy test in females is large cell carcinoma (due to secretion of beta_HCG).
💡The most specific investigation is biopsy.
💡The most useful initial test is CXR.
💡The most common type of lung cancer in non_smoker is adenocarcinoma.
💡The most common cavitating lung cancer is squamous cell carcinoma.
💡The most sensitive lung cancer to radiotherapy and chemotherapy is small cell lung carcinoma.
💡The least sensitive lung cancer to radiotherapy and chemotherapy is large cell carcinoma.
💡The best prognostic tumor among lung cancers is squamous cell carcinoma.
📌Rhaumatoid Artharitis :-
💡The most common pulmonary complication of RA is Pleurisy & pleural effusion.
💡The most common neurological complication of RA is Carpal tunnel syndrome.
💡The most common dermatological complications of RA is Subcutaneous rhuematoid nodule.
💡The most common ophtholmologic complication of RA is keratoconjuctivitis sicca.
💡The most common haematological complication of RA is Normocytic normochromic Anaemia of chronic diease.
💡The first joint in the feet to be affected in rheumatoid arthritis are Metatarsophalengeal joints.
💡The most common renal complications of RA is
AA amyloidosis & membranous nephropathy.
💡High titers of RF indicates progressive diseases but not considered as a disease activity marker in RA.
🔴Risk of transmission by needle stick injury :-
HBV is 6 - 24%
HCV is 2%
HIV is ,3%
♥️The most common causes of dementia:
1.Alzahimer disease.
2.Multi infarct dementia.
3.Lewy body dementia.
♥️Less common causes:
1.Frontotemporal dementia(pick's disease).
2.Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease(CJD).
♥️Reversible causes of dementia:
1.Normal pressure hydrocephalus.
2.Hypothyroidism.
3.Vitamins deficiency(B12).
