Clinical Qbank(2nd year Subjects)

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344 ) Ans. (b) Ketamine Ref: Katzung, 11th ed. pg. 437; KDT, 6th ed. pg. 376. • Ketamine is the only intravenous anesthetic that possesses analgesic properties and producescardiovascular stimulation. • It causes “dissociative anesthesia” which is characterized by profound analgesia, immobility, amnesia and feeling of dissociation from one’s own body and the surrounding. • It has bronchodilator effect therefore considered as Induction agent of choice in asthma patient. • In addition it also causes: ƒ Hallucination ƒ Delusion and illusion ƒ Profound analgesia • Ketamine increases all pressures like: ƒ BP (hypertension), Heart rate, Cardiac output ƒ Intracranial tension (it increases cerebral blood flow) ƒ Intraocular pressure (IOP) • It is contraindicated in intracerebral mass/haemorrhage, MI, schizophrenia, Epilepsy 🎲For  more questions join @secondyearmbbsquestions and attend Live Quizzes @PrepNEXT at 9:30P.M Daily!!

343 ). Ans. (a) Perl stain Ref: Harsh Mohan, Textbook of Pathology, 7th ed. pg. 98 • The image shows presence of blue deposits called Pappenheimer bodies and they contain iron and stain with perls’ Prussian blue. • Ferric  iron deposits in tissue react with the soluble ferrocyanide in the stain, to form insoluble  Prussian blue dye (a complex hydrated ferric ferrocyanide substance) in situ. 🎲For  more questions join @secondyearmbbsquestions and attend Live Quizzes @PrepNEXT at 9:30P.M Daily!!

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342)Ans. (a) Apixaban Ref: Goodman & Gillman 13th ed. P 595 • Factor Xa inhibition results in reduced thrombin generation → suppression of platelet generation and fibrin formation. • Factor Xa inhibitor drugs are: Rivaroxaban, Apixaban, Edoxaban • Dose of apixaban: 5 mg BD • Use: ƒ Stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation. ƒ Deep vein thrombosis, Pulmonary embolism. ƒ Postoperative thromboprophylaxis is patients undergoing hip/knee surgery • Contraindicated for stroke prevention in patients with mechanical heart valve. 🎲For  more questions join @secondyearmbbsquestions and attend Live Quizzes @PrepNEXT at 9:30P.M Daily!!

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341) . Ans. (a) Biofilm formation • S. epidermis is a pathogenic organism which affects interventions like catheter, canula. • It is an organism which can form biofilm. • It is novobiocin sensitive. 🎲For  more questions join @secondyearmbbsquestions and attend Live Quizzes @PrepNEXT at 9:30P.M Daily!!

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340 )Ans. (a) Flea Ref: Harrisons, 19th ed. pg. 1070 • Plague is a systemic zoonosis caused by Yersinia pestis. • It predominantly affects small rodents in rural areas of Africa, Asia, and the Americas and is usually transmitted to humans by an arthropod vector (the flea). • Sometimes, infection follows contact with animal tissues or respiratory droplets. ƒ The genus Yersinia comprises gram-negative bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae (gamma proteobacteria). 🎲For  more questions join @secondyearmbbsquestions and attend Live Quizzes @PrepNEXT at 9:30P.M Daily!!

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339 ) . Ans. (a) CD1 Ref: Robbin’s Pathology, 9th ed. pg. 590 • Langerhans cells are characterized by two types of markers: an ultrastructural marker, the Birbeck granule and different membrane markers: HLA-D antigens, T4 antigen, and some of the CD1 antigens. • These antigens which are specific for the epidermal .Langerhans cells, are not expressed by the other epidermal cells. Three CD1 antigens are biochemically defined on human thymocytes, they display a glycoprotein chain non covalently attached to beta-2-microglobulin. 🎲For  more questions join @secondyearmbbsquestions and attend Live Quizzes @PrepNEXT at 9:30P.M Daily!!