Clinical Qbank(2nd year Subjects)

332) Ans. (a) Anti-venin. Ref: KDT, 6th ed. pg. 2748 • General time guidelines for the disappearance of symptoms after anti-venom administration are as follows: ƒ Centruroides anti-venom: Severe neurologic symptoms reverse in 15-30 min. Mild-to-moderate neurologic symptoms reverse in 45-90 min. ƒ Non-Centruroides anti-venom: In the first hour, local pain abates. In 6-12 hours, agitation, sweating, and hyperglycemia abate. In 6-24 hours, cardio-respiratory symptoms abate 🎲For  more questions join @secondyearmbbsquestions and attend Live Quizzes @PrepNEXT at 9:30P.M Daily!!

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331) Ans. (b) Anticholinergic Ref: KDT 8th ed. pg. 129 MOA:oxybutynin-cholinergic-muscarinic receptor antagonist. • Oxybutynin is a selective M3 receptor blocker, used to relieve bladder spasm after urologic surgery, eg, prostatectomy. • It is also used to relieve urinary and bladder difficulties, including frequent urination and inability to control urination, by decreasing muscle spasms of the bladder. • It competitively antagonizes the M3 subtypes of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor. • M3 receptor blockers: Mn: MY SOFTblaDar ƒ Solifenacin, Oxybutynin, Flavoxate, Fesoterodine,Tolterodine, Trospium and Darifenacin. 🎲For  more questions join @secondyearmbbsquestions and attend Live Quizzes @PrepNEXT at 9:30P.M Daily!!

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330 ) 78. Ans. (a) Lung cancer Ref: Harrison 19th ed. P 1987 • SVC syndrome leads to severe reduction in venous return from head, neck and upper extremities and the causes are: Malignant Beningn Lung cancer Central line catheter Lymphoma pacemaker leads Metastasis Defibrillator leads 🎲For  more questions join @secondyearmbbsquestions and attend Live Quizzes @PrepNEXT at 9:30P.M Daily!!

329 ) Ans. (c) Hydropic swelling • Detachment of ribosomes from granular endoplasmic reticulum. • Dissociation of polysomes into monosomes. • Plasma membrane blebbing, blunting, villous distortion, myelin figures, mitochondrial swelling, rarefaction. • Nuclear disaggregation of granular and fibrillar elements. 🎲For  more questions join @secondyearmbbsquestions and attend Live Quizzes @PrepNEXT at 9:30P.M Daily!!

328 ) Ans. (c) Avidin • BIOTIN • Biotin is a sulfur containing organic acid found in egg yolk, liver, nuts and many other articles of food. • It is well absorbed from intestine and excreted mainly unchanged in urine. • Avidin, a heat labile protein in egg white, binds and prevents the absorption of biotin. 🎲For  more questions join @secondyearmbbsquestions and attend Live Quizzes @PrepNEXT at 9:30P.M Daily!!

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327 ) . Ans. (c) Amphotericin- B Ref: Harrison’s, 18th ed. Ch. 279 • The most common, most serious and long term side effect of amphotericin B is Nephrotoxicity (renal tubular necrosis) • This nephrotoxicity presents with hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia secondary to renal tubular acidosis, azotemia and even irreversible damageif the dose exceeds 5 g. ƒ In order to prevent the nephrotoxicity, prior hydration with 1L of normal saline is recommended. ƒ Liposomal preparation has lesser risk of nephrotoxicity. 📍 Practice more questions daily at @PrepNEXTHUB and attend daily tests at @PrepNEXT at 9:30 pm