🧬📚🏺📜 Steppe Archive

🗺 Rise of the Xiongnu Map of Northern Asia in the 2nd Century BC, during the formative period of the Xiongnu Empire Credit: TurkishGenomics

New AADR dataset (V66) are relaesed: https://dataverse.harvard.edu/dataset.xhtml?persistentId=doi:10.7910/DVN/FFIDCW

🇹🇷 T008 ⚜ Anatolian Turkish ▫️ Minorethnicity: Türkmen ▫️ Tribe: Bozdoğan 🔸 Adana / Yumurtalık / Deveciuşağı [Hüsniye] 🧬 R1b1-M478 📚 This subclade can be considered a West Siberian branch of the R-P297 haplogroup. The spread of this haplogroup among Anatolian Turks originates from Medieval Oghuz and Kipchak Turks. This Y-DNA is also common among Kipchak tribes of Kazakhs, Nogays, and Crimean Tatars; among Hazaras, Uzbeks, and Karachay-Balkar Turks. 📖 According to our database, the R-M478 haplogroup is most common in Northwest Anatolia, but is found in varying proportions in different regions of Anatolia. The closest and most relevant result to this finding is the R-Y20747 subclade, which was found in a Turkmen from Adana belonging to the same tribe. 📜 Paleogenetic DNA (R-M478): 🇰🇿⚱️ Botai (33th century BCE) 🇰🇿⚱️ Andronovo (10th century) 🇹🇷⚱️ Sarmatian (3rd century) 🇷🇺⚱️ Odintsovo-Srostki (6th century) 🇲🇳⚱️ Medieval Mongolic (7th century) 🇰🇿⚱️ Kimak Turkic (9th century) @TurkicDnaDatabase

🧬 Bronze Age qpAdm model for Uzbeks | Uzbek.HO (17 samples = 9 from Tashkent, 8 from Khwarazm)

33.7% Sintashta_MLBA 28.8% BMAC 24.6% Neolithic Northen Mongolia 10.6% Yellow River Farmer 2.3% AASI

Y-DNA haplogroup: N/A mtDNA haplogroup: N/A Publication: The genetic history of admixture across inner Eurasia Group ID: Uzbek.HO Date: Present Location: Uzbekistan (9 samples from Tashkent, 8 samples from Khwarazm)

🧬 Bronze Age qpAdm model for Uzbeks | Uzbek.SG (3 samples)

31.0% Sintashta_MLBA 27.3% BMAC 25.8% Neolithic Northen Mongolia 10.9% Yellow River Farmer 5.1% AASI

📜 Finally: Diwan Lughat al-Turk Manuscript Is Now Officially Available as PDF Link for PDF: https://ekitap.yek.gov.tr/urun/divanu-lugati-t-turk--ikinci-baski-_833.aspx?CatId=273

Genetic Origins of Anatolian Turks from Ordu (G25) (Y-DNA) Генетическое происхождение анатолийских турок из Орду (G25) (Y-ДНК) Source - Источник: https://x.com/Urakaz0/status/2037861944489636266?s=20 https://umap.openstreetmap.fr/tr/map/turkic-dna-project-y-dna-database_1253587

Medieval Turkic Period Samples Y-DNA (N=137) The Khazars, Bulgars, Gokturks, Onoks, Toquzoghuzs, Karluks, Karakhanids, Kipchaks, Cumans, Kimeks, Pechenegs, Uzes, Nogais, Volga Bulgars, Qocho Uyghurs, Yenisei Kyrgyz, Xionites and possible Tiele, Tujue, Kaoche, Sir Tardush samples are included in this chart.

Facial reconstruction of a 1,650-year-old Late Sarmatian woman from Abganerovo, Volga region Credit: Ancestral Whispers

🧬 Neolithic qpAdm model for Turkmens Turkmen.SG (2 samples)

18.5% Yellow River Neolithic Farmer 16.7% Anatolian Neolithic Farmer 14.9% Iranian Neolithic Farmer 13.4% Eastern Hunter Gatherer 12.9% Caucasian Hunter Gatherer 12.3% CisBaikal_LNBA 11.2% Amur River Hunter Gatherer

Y-DNA haplogroup: N/A mtDNA haplogroup: N/A Publication: The first horse herders and the impact of early Bronze Age steppe expansions into Asia Sample IDs: Turkmens1.SG, Turkmens2.SG Group ID: Turkmen.SG Date: Modern Location: Turkmenistan

🧬 Neolithic qpAdm model for Uzbeks Uzbek.SG (3 samples)

21.5% Yellow River Neolithic Farmer 17.4% Anatolian Neolithic Farmer 13.1% CisBaikal_LNBA 12.4% Amur River Hunter Gatherer 12.2% Eastern Hunter Gatherer 11.2% Iranian Neolithic Farmer 8.3% Caucasian Hunter Gatherer 3.9% Ancient Ancestral South Indian

Y-DNA haplogroup: N/A mtDNA haplogroup: N/A Publication: The first horse herders and the impact of early Bronze Age steppe expansions into Asia Sample IDs: Uzbeks1.SG, Uzbeks2.SG, Uzbeks3.SG Group ID: Uzbek.SG Date: Present Location: Uzbekistan

Facial reconstruction of a Kipchak-Kimak women from eastern Kazakhstan A 1,100-year-old woman from a kurgan burial in Pavlodar, eastern Kazakhstan, dating to the 10th century CE. It is well documented that the shores of the Irtysh River were inhabited by the Kimak (Yemek) Turks during this period. Credit: Ancestral Whispers

Medieval Turkic Samples Y-DNA (N=57) The Khazars, Bulgars, Gokturks, Onoks, Toquzoghuzs, Karluks, Karakhanids, Kipchaks, Cumans, Kimeks, Pechenegs, and Uzes are included in this chart. The Nogais, Volga Bulgars, Qocho Uyghurs, Yenisei Kyrgyz, Xionites, and possible Tiele-Tujue-Kaoche-Sir Tardush samples are not included in the data. A chart including these and other samples not included in this one will be shared later.

The distribution of Y-DNA according to cultures in the samples in the recently published article "Ancient human genomes from the Altai region reveal population continuity and shifts in the 4th-12th centuries"

🧬 Neolithic qpAdm model for Medieval Cuman-Kipchak UKR027

31.5% Anatolian Neolithic Farmer 18.3% CisBaikal_LNBA 17.7% Yellow River Neolithic Farmer 16.5% Eastern Hunter Gatherer 10.8% Caucasian Hunter Gathere 5.2% Iranian Neolithic Farmer

Y-DNA haplogroup: TheYTree: N1a-PH1896 FTDNA: N1a-PH1896 YFull: N1a-PH1896 mtDNA haplogroup: TheYTree: H5a1 FTDNA: H5a1ap YFull: H5a1ap Publication: Mobility in Ukraine from the Bronze Age to the early modern period Sample ID: UKR027 Group ID: UkrMA_Cuman Date: 1100-1200 CE Location: Velyka Znamianka village, Vasylivsky District, Zaporizhzhia Region, Ukraine

🧬 Neolithic qpAdm model for Medieval Cuman-Kipchak UKR056

23.4% Amur River Hunter Gatherer 17.1% Yellow River Neolithic Farmer 15.3% Eastern Hunter Gatherer 13.4% CisBaikal_LNBA 11.3% Anatolian Neolithic Farmer 10.8% Iranian Neolithic Farmer 8.7% Caucasian Hunter Gathere

Y-DNA haplogroup: N/A (Female) mtDNA haplogroup: YFull: R30e1a FTDNA: B5b2a2c Publication: Mobility in Ukraine from the Bronze Age to the early modern period Sample ID: UKR056 Group ID: UkrMA_Cuman_2 Date: 991–1149 CE Location: Kumy village, Krasnograd District, Kharkiv Region, Ukraine

🧬 Neolithic qpAdm model for Medieval Kipchak DA23

22.8% Amur River Hunter Gatherer 19.3% Yellow River Neolithic Farmer 17.9% Eastern Hunter Gatherer 16.0% CisBaikal_LNBA 11.6% Anatolian Neolithic Farmer 6.4% Iranian Neolithic Farmer 6.1% Caucasian Hunter Gatherer

Y-DNA haplogroup: TheYTree: C2a-ZQ352 FTDNA: C2a-F13522 YFull: C2a-F11987 mtDNA haplogroup: TheYTree: F1b1b FTDNA: F1b1b1 YFull: F1b1b1 Publication: DamgaardNature2018 Sample ID: DA23 Group ID: Kazakhstan_Kipchak2.SG Date: 1036-1206 CE Location: Lisakovsk-1 (Kostanay Region, Beimbet Mylin district), Kazakhstan

Subclades of haplogroup G2a1 among the Karachay-Balkar people Credit: Karachay-Balkar History, Culture and DNA

Arzhan-2 Scythian King and Queen Facial Reconstruction Credit: AntromorphLab

📜 Ertuğrul’un babasının adı Gündüz Alp mi? yoksa Gök Göz Musa el-Türkmânî mi? Bedrüddin el-ʿAynî (1361–1451) yazma eserinde Osmanlılar hakkında bazı bilgiler geçiyor, ve bunu kendim Arapçadan Türkçeye çevirdim Kaynak: Bedrüddin el-ʿAynî (1361–1451), İkdü’l-Cumān fī Tārīḫi Ehli’z-Zamān, yazma eser