Civil Services Simplified: Decoding the Enigma of UPSC by Dr. CP. Kaushik

Some students were asking for these official papers.

Target Prelims 2024: Day 2 1. POEM Platform: ISRO successfully launched the PSLV Orbital Experimental Module or ‘POEM’. • It is a platform that will help perform in-orbit scientific experiments during the 4th stage of the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV). • The PSLV is a four-stage rocket where the first three spent stages fall back into the ocean, and the final stage (PS4) after launching the satellite into orbit ends up as space junk. • With the help of the POEM, in PSLV-C53 mission, the PS4 stage would orbit the earth as a stabilized platform to perform experiments. • It will derive its power from solar panels mounted around the PS4 tank, and a Li-Ion battery. • It has a dedicated Navigation Guidance and Control (NGC) system for attitude stabilization, which stands for controlling the orientation of any aerospace vehicle within permitted limits. 2. Zoonotic Diseases: • It is a disease or infection that can be transmitted naturally from vertebrate animals to humans or from humans to vertebrate animals. • More than 60% of human pathogens are zoonotic in origin. This includes a wide variety of bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, parasites, and other pathogens. • Some of the common zoonotic diseases are Rabies, Ebola, Swine flu, Zika & Ebola viruses, plague, dengue, chikungunya, Japanese encephalitis and Covid-19. Factors Influencing Relevance of Zoonoses: • Ecological changes in man's environment • Handling animal by-products and wastes • Increased movements of man - It expose the people to contaminated food and water leading to diseases like amoebiasis, salmonellosis, shigellosis, etc. • Increased trade in animal products . 3. Cervavac: The Drugs Controller General of India (DGCI) granted market authorisation for the Quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus vaccine (qHPV), Cervavac. Presently India is fully dependent on foreign manufacturers for the HPV vaccine. About Cervavac: • It is the country’s first qHP vaccine manufactured by Pune-based Serum Institute of India (SII). • The vaccine protects women against cervical cancer. • The vaccine can be administered to those in the 9 -26 age group. About HPV • It is the most common viral infection of the reproductive tract. • More than 90% of the infected population eventually clears the infection. • Cervical cancer is by far the most common HPV-related disease. • Cervical cancer in India is the 2nd most frequent cancer among women. 4. Project 17A: • It is a follow-on of the P17 Frigates (Shivalik Class) with improved stealth features, advanced weapons and sensors and platform management systems. • Total of 7 ships are under construction under this project. • The ships are Nilgiri, Himgiri, Udayagiri, Dunagiri, Taragiri, Vindhyagiri and Mahendragiri, which are named after the mountain ranges in India. . Dunagiri is the 4th warship of Project 17A that has been launched & named after a mountain range in the state of Uttarakhand. 5.Alpha Fold: • AlphaFold is an artificial intelligence program developed by Alphabet's/Google's DeepMind which performs predictions of protein structure. • The Telomere-to-Telomere (T2T) consortium is an open, community-based effort to generate the first complete assembly of a human genome.

5.About different Web Versions: Web 1.0: It is often referred to as the read-only Internet made of static web-pages that only allowed for passive engagement. Web 2.0 (Social Web): It is read and write internet which made the internet a lot more interactive. Users were now able to communicate with servers and other users leading to the creation of the social web. Web 3.0 (Semantic Web): It is read-write-execute” web, built leveraging the blockchain technology. It will be driven by Artificial Intelligence (AI) and machine learning where machines will be able to interpret information like humans. It aims to provide a single, consistent, platform-agnostic way to manage data across systems, without requiring a corporation to contain its own interests and agendas and where users control their own data Web 4.0 (Mobile Web): It is already a work in progress, with no clear understanding of what it would entail. It is often referred to as the symbiotic web. The symbiotic web’s fantasy is a contact between humans and computers in symbiosis.

Target Prelims 2024: Day 1 1. About Astra Mk-1: • It is a beyond visual range (BVR), air-to-air missile i.e, BVM missiles are capable of engaging beyond the range of 20 nautical miles or 37 kilometers. • The range for Astra Mk-1 is around 110 km. The Mk-2 with a range over 150 km is under development and Mk-3 version with a longer range is being envisaged. • It has been designed and developed by the DRDO). • It will used for deployment on fighter jets like Sukhoi-30 MKI and Tejas of the IAF and the Mig-29K of the Navy. • The missile can travel at speeds more than four times that of sound and can reach a maximum altitude of 20 km, making it extremely flexible for air combat. 2. Cosmic Cannibalism: • It is a cosmic phenomenon where a star is ending its life so violently that the dead star is left behind, called a white dwarf which is formed when a low-mass star like our sun exhausts most of its nuclear fuel. • This white dwarf is disrupting an entire planetary system by sucking in debris from both its inner and outer reaches. It is consuming the rock-metallic and icy material, both of which are "planetary components". 3.D2M Technology: The Department of Telecommunications (DoT) and Prasar Bharati are exploring the feasibility of a Direct-To-Mobile’ (D2M) technology. • The technology is based on the convergence of broadband and broadcast, using which mobile phones can receive terrestrial digital TV. • It would be similar to how people listen to FM radio on their phones, where a receiver within the phone can tap into radio frequencies. • This technology allows to broadcast video and other forms of multimedia content directly to mobile phones, without needing an active internet connection. Significance of D2M Technology is that it can possibly be used to directly broadcast content related to citizen-centric information and can be further used to counter fake news, issue emergency alerts and offer assistance in disaster management, among other things. 4. National Supercomputing Mission (NSM): launched by Government of India in 2015. • Under NSM, the plan was to connect R&D institutions and academic institutions in the country using a supercomputing grid with National Knowledge Network (NKN) as the backbone. • The mission was planned in three phases: ✓ Phase I: Assembling supercomputers, ✓ Phase II: Manufacturing certain components within the country. ✓ Phase III: Where a supercomputer is designed by India. • An indigenously developed server platform called ‘Rudra’ is being tried out in a pilot system, with an interconnect for inter node communication called Trinetra also having been developed. USA’s Frontier supercomputer (1.1 exaFLOPS) was officially ranked as the most powerful supercomputer in the world. It outperformed Fugaku, the second most powerful supercomputer. • Japanese supercomputer Fugaku (442 petaflops), IBM’s Summit (148.8 petaflops), Chinese Sunway TaihuLight (93 petaflops) Supercomputer In India • Recently, IISc Bengaluru installed the supercomputer 'Param Pravega'. It has a supercomputing capacity of 3.3 petaflops. • Mihir (Ranked 146th): Mihir clubs with Pratyush to generate enough computing power to match PARAMSiddhi. ✓ Pratyush (Ranked 78th): It is a supercomputer used for weather forecasting at the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology. • PARAM-Siddhi (6.5 petaflops): It is the second Indian supercomputer to be entered in the top 100 on the Top 500 list. In 2020, PARAM Siddhi, the High-Performance Computing-Artificial Intelligence (HPC-AI) supercomputer, achieved global ranking of 62nd in Top 500 most powerful supercomputers • India’s first supercomputer was PARAM 8000. • PARAM Shivay: It is the first supercomputer assembled indigenously, was installed in IIT (BHU), followed by PARAM Shakti.

First Week Offline Classes Open for all.. Clarify your doubts and concerns for the subject!! Tomorrow 3 PM.

Hello everyone. Gud noon. The channel was blocked for some copyright issue. Took a lot f time for reactivation. We are back into the business. We will try to make it as useful tool as possible. I sincerely apologize for not sharing anything for Prelims Part.. U will start receiving the updations soon. Study Well.👍

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For S and T related current developments, u can rely on these compilations..👍

Hello everyone.. Gud mg.. S and T section wise compilation of current developments of the last 2 years will be shared on the channel after mid January.. There will be 5 sectional compilations covering till 31st Dec 2022 and last single compilation covering till 20th April will be released around April end..

Online Optionals and GS Foundation at 50% at Drishti IAS.. Anthropology also..👍 That too with unlimited watch time and validity of 2 years..