🕸️BPSC WEB🕸️

Jungle kitna bhi ghana kyu na ho sherni apna raasta khud bana leti hai

25 January ~ 16th National Voters’ Day Theme ~ "My India, My Vote"

BPSC WEB NOTES ON SUGARCANE INDUSTRY

Goldilocks Phase of Indian Economy: —> India is currently in a “Goldilocks zone” marked by high growth and low inflation. Domestic Growth Drivers: —> Sustained rise in public capital expenditure by Centre and States. —> Tax reforms (income tax, GST) and direct cash transfers, including transfers to women, are supporting consumption. —> RBI’s regulatory reforms and lower interest rates are improving growth conditions. External Sector Resilience: —> India has managed the impact of US tariffs through a diversified export basket. —> Well-designed FTAs can improve market access, reduce tariff barriers and ensure predictable trade rules. —> Current Account Deficit (CAD) remains under control, supporting macroeconomic stability. Path to Developed Nation Status by 2047: —> India needs 7–8% sustained growth over the long term. —> Requires investment rate to rise by 4–5 percentage points, supported by higher domestic savings.

—> Article 175 of the Constitution specifies that the Governor may address the house(s) of the State legislature. —> Article 176, on the other hand, provides that the Governor shall address the house(s) of the State legislature at the commencement of the first session after each general election to the Legislative Assembly and at the commencement of the first session of each year. This is mandatory. —> Article 176 further directs that the rules of procedure of the house(s) shall have provisions for allotment of time for discussion of matters referred in such address. This is the ‘Motion of thanks on Governor’s address’ where the ruling and opposition legislators debate on policy matters announced in the address before voting on the same. —> Article 159 : Governor took oath under Article 159 that requires them to ‘preserve, protect and defend the Constitution and the law.

Origin of the Monroe Doctrine (1823) 1. Articulated by US President James Monroe in 1823 amid fears that European powers might recolonise newly independent Latin American states. —> Declared the Western Hemisphere closed to European colonisation. Two Core Principles —> Non-colonisation: European powers not to attempt colonisation in the Americas. —> Non-interference: European states not to interfere in affairs of independent American nations. Evolution : Interpretation evolved over time. —> After the Spanish–American War (1898), it increasingly justified US expansionism and intervention. —> Became a central pillar of US foreign policy identity. From Anti-Imperialism to US Imperialism —> By the early 20th century, the doctrine was widely viewed as legitimising US dominance in Latin America. —> Theodore Roosevelt’s Corollary (1904) expanded it to justify US intervention in Latin American countries to prevent European involvement. —> This marked a shift from preventing imperialism to exercising it.

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Recognizing chip design as a strategic national priority, the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) has implemented proactive measures to transform India’s semiconductor design landscape. These initiatives span approximately 400 organizations, including 305 academic institutions under the Chips to Start-up (C2S) Programme and 95 startups under the Design Linked Incentive (DLI) Scheme.

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—> Trade Deficit Widening: - Merchandise trade deficit expanded sharply as exports contracted and imports rose. - Engineering goods, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, electronics, and ready-made garments all saw notable declines. - Overall imports rose due to high demand for silver, electronic goods, fertilizers, and energy-related items. —> Dollar Outflows: - Foreign portfolio investors (FPIs) have withdrawn significant capital, especially from equity markets. - Outflows intensified with global uncertainties, delays in the US–India trade deal, and rising US bond yields. —> Weak Export Performance: - Electronics, gems & jewellery, and chemical sectors registered lower exports. - Higher US tariffs and slower global demand worsened export competitiveness. —> Delay in India–US Trade Deal: Prolonged uncertainty over the trade deal negatively affected investor sentiment and rupee stability.

Impacts of ₹ depreciation 1. EXPORTS : From the point of view of exports, if other currencies are not depreciating, but the rupee is depreciating —> Advantage for our exporters. The higher tariffs that have been imposed by the U.S. could be negated to a certain extent by the price competitiveness that we get on account of the rupee depreciation. 2. Imports will become more expensive. Every commodity which we are importing is going to become more expensive by 4-5%. 3. INFLATION : If you look at the components of the CPI (Consumer Price Index) and what really gets affected on account of imports. The calculation shows that 5% depreciation on a sustained basis could push up inflation by something like 0.3-0.4%, which is not really very high.