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◾️Forensic and Toxicology ▪️Toxicology • General Toxicology Summary • Alcohol Summary • Organophosphates Summary • Non-Organophosphates Summary • Heavy Metals • Corrosives • Therapeutic Drugs 1 • Therapeutic Drugs 2 ▪️ Forensic • High Yield Review Points - Identification - Thermal injury - Thanatology - Infanticide - Pregnancy, Delivery and Abortion - Sexual Offences - Asphyxia - Head injury - Special organs injury - RTA

السلام عليكم ورحمة وبركاته الى زملائنا لعندهم امتحان فورنسك وتوكسو هذه قنوات تفيدكم ان شاء الله Highly Recommended 🌟 قناة زميلنا احمد الحديدي شارح جزء من المنهج لجزئية الفورنسك: https://t.me/forensic_toxo_MF7 قناة زميلنا سند الباجقني فيها اسئلة مع الشرح لجزئية التوكسو: https://t.me/TheBatCr7suuiii ربي يبارك في علمهم وعملهم، نسأل الله لكم التوفيق والسداد ✨

ملخص الـ UTI in Pregnancy ⬇️ *يحتوي على النقاط المهمة لامتحان الاوسكي (ركزت عليهم د. عواطف في المحاضرة)

ملخص الـ Management of DM ⬇️ *يحتوي على النقاط المهمة لامتحان الاوسكي (من محاضرة د. منى)

السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته ملخص الـ HTN in Pregnancy ⬇️

تم بفضل الله كل الاسئلة من اسئلة الدفعات السابقة، موفقين 🍀

3. A 30 years old woman G3P0+2, history of midtrimester miscarriages. Hb=11g%, FBS=80mg%, anticardiolipin antibodies = positive. Answer: j. Aspirin Explanation: The presence of positive anticardiolipin antibodies combined with a history of recurrent pregnancy loss is diagnostic of Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS). Treatment with low-dose aspirin (often combined with low-molecular-weight heparin) significantly reduces the risk of further miscarriage in these patients

2. A 35 years old woman, 4th pregnancy at 26 weeks, tired and lethargy. 3+ glucosuria, HB=11g%, OGTT shows a fasting blood glucose of 8.2mmol/L. Answer: k. Insulin Explanation: A fasting plasma glucose of 8.2 mmol/L is diagnostic of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), as it well exceeds the threshold of 5.6 mmol/L. While management starts with diet, pharmacological intervention—specifically insulin or metformin—is required when blood glucose targets are not met

1. A 25 years old PG presents at 32 weeks, normotensive at booking, no history of epilepsy. Admitted as an emergency having seizures. O/E: BP 150/110mmHg and +3 proteinuria. Answer: f. Magnesium sulfate Explanation: The occurrence of generalized tonic-clonic seizures in a woman with pre-eclampsia (hypertension and proteinuria) defines eclampsia. Magnesium sulfate is the definitive drug of choice for treating the acute seizure and preventing further convulsions

Theme: drugs used in pregnancy a. Calcium supplements b. Erythromycin c. Nifidipine d. Ritodrine e. Ursodeoxycholic acid f. Magnesium sulfate g. Oral labetalol h. Ferrous sulfate i. Fraxiparine j. Aspirin k. Insulin

5. A 35-year-old woman attends for booking at 18 weeks in her 2nd pregnancy, the birth weight of her first baby was 4 kg, she had GDM during the first pregnancy. Her blood sugar levels were normal before conception. The correct way to screen such a high-risk case for GDM is to do... Answer: A. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) Explanation: Pregnant women with a previous history of GDM are at high risk and should be offered screening with a 75g 2-hour OGTT as early as possible in pregnancy, specifically recommended at 16–18 weeks

4. A 38-year-old woman para 1, delivered vaginally with average birth weight, she has had type 2 diabetes diagnosed few months prior to current pregnancy, presents at 34 weeks gestation with gross enlargement of her abdomen. Before you decide the mode of delivery you have to do... Answer: D. Ultrasound fetal weight estimation Explanation: Gross abdominal enlargement in a diabetic pregnancy suggests fetal macrosomia or polyhydramnios. Deciding the mode of delivery (vaginal vs. caesarean) requires an individualized assessment based primarily on the estimated fetal weight (EFW) provided by ultrasound

3. A 30-year-old woman is diagnosed with gestational diabetes (GDM) following an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 26 weeks gestation in her first pregnancy. Her blood sugar is not well controlled on diet control and exercise for 2 weeks. So the next step to bring optimal blood sugar control is to. Answer: H. Add Metformin Explanation: For women with GDM, management starts with diet and exercise. If targets are not met within 1–2 weeks, pharmacological intervention is indicated, typically starting with metformin and/or insulin