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السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته زملاؤنا لعندهم امتحان كميونيتي هذه ملخصات للمادة ان شاء الله يفيدوكم. موفقين مسددين 🍀 ◾️Community Medicine II ▪️Summaries: • Vaccination Summary • Cold Chain Summary • Airborne Diseases Summary • Travel Medicine Summary • Poliovirus Summary • Zoonotic Diseases Summary • Tuberculosis Summary • Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases • Communication Skills II Summary • Consultation Models Summary • Behavior Modification (smoking & obesity) Summary • Epidemiology of Chronic NCD Summary • Lifestyle Management • High-Yield Review Points ▪️Problem-solving Questions: - Infectious Diseases and Vaccination - Lifestyle Management & Prevention of NCDs - Clinical Communication & Consultation Skills - Family & Special Populations Health Care - Community and Preventive Health

SEM 9 ✅ SEM 10 ⏳

اللهم لك الحمد كما ينبغي لجلال وجهك وعظيم سلطانك، اللهم لك الحمد أن بلغتنا نهاية هذا الفصل، فلك الحمد على ما علمتنا، ولك الشكر على ما وفقتنا إليه، اللهم اجعل ما تعلمناه حجة لنا لا علينا، ووفقنا لما تحب وترضى، وبارك لنا في علمنا وانفعنا به و انفع بنا اللهم لك الحمد حمدًا كثيرًا طيِّبًا مُباركًا فيه

السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته لجان الاوسكي دفعة مفاضلة 7 ، الوقت كافي جدا والدكاترة كويسين ومتعاونين. بالتوفيق والتيسير ✨ ▪️Day 1 • G1 - Gynae History: Primary amenorrhea (androgen insensitivity syndrome) - Emergency: Shoulder Dystocia - Diagnostic (Gynae): Menopause, Primary Infertility - Diagnostic (Obstetrics): Antenatal Visits, UTI in Pregnancy • G2 - Gynae History: Post coital bleeding (Cervical cancer) - Emergency: Eclampsia - Diagnostic (Gynae): DDx of first trimester bleeding, Endometrioses - Diagnostic (Obstetrics): CTG (late deceleration & reduced variability) ), Preconception Counselling for Women with Type 1 DM ——————— ▪️Day 2 • G1 - Gynae History: Endometrial cancer - Emergency: PPH - Diagnostic (Gynae): Bartholin gland abscess, Cervical cancer - Diagnostic (Obstetrics): IUGR, IOL • G2 - Gynae History: Endometriosis - Emergency: Ectopic pregnancy - Diagnostic (Gynae): Infertility, Cervical cancer - Diagnostic (Obstetrics): GDM, Preterm labor #OSCE #OBGYN

{وَآخِرُ دَعْوَاهُمْ أَنِ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ﴾ الحمد لله ما انتهى درب ولا خُتِم جهد ولا تمَّ سعي الا بفضله لا تنسوني من صالح دعائكم ولكم بالمثل، وفقكم الله وسدد خطاكم 🤍

فهرس طب النساء والولادة ◾️ Obstetrics and Gynecology ▪️ Bleeding in Early Pregnancy • Clinical Cases • Miscarriage Overview • Ectopic pregnancy Overview • GTD Overview • MCQs • Miscarriage Summary • Ectopic Pregnancy Summary ▪️Bleeding in Late Pregnancy and Postpartum • Clinical Cases • Placental Abruption Overview • Placenta Previa Overview • Antepartum Hemorrhage Overview • Postpartum Hemorrhage Overview • MCQs • Antepartum Hemorrhage Summary • Postpartum Hemorrhage Summary • Bleeding in Pregnancy Summary • Bleeding in Pregnancy EMQs ▪️Lab • CTG summary • Lab 3 (Urinary catheterization, Shoulder dystocia & CTG) • Labour Care Guide • Obstetric Emergencies • Contraceptives • Mirena Insertion and Removal • Active Management of 3rd Stage ▪️ Medical Disorders in Pregnancy • Clinical Cases • Pre-eclampsia Overview • Gestational Diabetes Overview • MCQs • EMQs • HTN in Pregnancy Summary • Management of DM in Pregnancy • UTI in Pregnancy Summary ▪️Breastfeeding ▪️Labour • High Yield Review Points - Normal Labour - Important Definitions - Fetal Skull Diameters - Induction of Labour - Operative & Instrumental Delivery - Malpresentations & Malposition ▪️MCQs (2020 - 2025) - Bleeding in early pregnancy - Antepartum Hemorrhage - Postpartum Hemorrhage - HTN in pregnancy - DM in pregnancy - Venous Thromboembolism - Anemia in Pregnancy - UTI in Pregnancy - Other Medical Disorders ▪️EMQs (2020 - 2025) - Bleeding in Pregnancy - Medical Disorders in Pregnancy - Labour - Obstetrics Emergency - Antenatal care and Antenatal screening - Puerperium - Maternal Mortality - Endometriosis - Genital prolapse - Family planning - Menstrual Cycle - Vaginal Discharge - Hirsutism - Gynaecological conditions - Infertility - Amenorrhea - Gynaecological investigations - Sexual differentiation ▪️Short Notes • Gynecology • Obstetrics ▪️OSCE

السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته شيات د. فتحية ممتازات للهستوري ⬇️

◾️OBSTETRIC ▪️Antenatal Care - Antenatal care - Physiological changes of pregnancy - Fetal wellbeing ——————————— ▪️Medical Disorders in Pregnancy - Preeclampsia - Diabetes in pregnancy/ GDM - Microcytic anemia - Hyperemesis gravidarum ——————————— ▪️Placental Disorders - Placenta previa - Abruptio placenta ——————————— ▪️Labour Disorders - Preterm labour - PROM - Prolonged pregnancy - Induction of labour - Labour care guide (LCG) ——————————— ▪️Obstetric Emergencies - Cord prolapse - Shoulder dystocia - PPH - Endometritis (postpartum) - Eclampsia ——————————— ▪️Fetal & Pregnancy Abnormalities - Polyhydramnios - Hydrops fetalis - IUGR - Multiple pregnancy ——————————— ▪️Obstetric Procedures - Episiotomy - Vaginal tear - Forceps delivery - Speculum examination ——————————— ▪️Postpartum Disorders - Postpartum depression

◾️GYNECOLOGY ▪️Gynecological History - PMS - Contraceptives - Vesicular mole - Endometriosis - Primary dysmenorrhea - Menorrhagia & dysmenorrhea - Vaginal discharge - Fibroid - Urinary incontinence - Genital prolapse - Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) ——————————— ▪️Menstrual Disorders - Amenorrhea/ Primary amenorrhea - Menorrhagia - Dysmenorrhea ——————————— ▪️Puberty Disorders - Puberty/ Delayed puberty (anorexia nervosa) ——————————— ▪️Contraception - COCP - Mirena coil ——————————— ▪️Benign Gynecological Conditions - Fibroid uterus - Red degeneration of fibroid - Adenomyosis - Endometriosis - Uterine prolapse - Stress urinary incontinence ——————————— ▪️Gynecological Infections - Candidiasis - Chlamydia infection - UTI - PID - Endometritis ——————————— ▪️Gynecological Oncology - Endometrial carcinoma - Cervical cancer - CIN (1–3) ——————————— ▪️Infertility & Endocrine Disorders - Infertility - PCOS - Hyperprolactinemia - Hirsutism - Menopause ——————————— ▪️Early Pregnancy Complications - Miscarriage/ Threatened abortion/ Septic abortion - Ectopic pregnancy - Vesicular mole

السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته تجميعة لجان الاوسكي لأخر 3 دفعات (هذه المواضيع اعطوها الأولوية في المراجعة) ⬇️ #OSCE #OBGYN

◾️Short Notes ▪️Gynecology - Puberty - Disorders of the menstrual cycle - Contraceptives - Infertility - Disorders of Early Pregnancy - Benign diseases of the uterus and cervix - Endometriosis and adenomyosis - Benign diseases of the ovary - Malignant disease of the uterus and cervix - Carcinoma of the ovary and Fallopian tube - Infections in gynaecology - Urogynaecology - The menopause ▪️Obstetrics - Physiological changes in pregnancy - Normal fetal development - Antenatal care - Antenatal imaging - Prenatal diagnosis - Miscarriage - Antenatal obstetric complications (polyhydramnios) - Twins - Labour - Preterm labour - Operative interventions - Pre-eclampsia - Medical diseases complicating pregnancy - Perinatal infections - Obstetric emergencies - The puerperium - Psychiatric disorders in pregnancy

▪️Psychiatric disorders in pregnancy and the puerperium Discuss the possible psychiatric sequelae of pregnancy and how they might be treated. • Post‑natal emotional disturbance - Very common, up to 80% of women. - Occurs between days 3–10 postpartum. - Usually transient mood changes, tearfulness, irritability. • Mild post‑natal depression - Affects ~7% of women. - Risk factors: social adversity, single status, poor support. - Symptoms: insomnia, difficulty coping, gradual onset. - Treatment: counselling is most effective, as effective as antidepressants in mild cases. • Severe post‑natal depression - Occurs in 3–5% of women. - Detected at 6‑week post‑natal check using Edinburgh post‑natal depression score. - 30% present within first 3 months. - Symptoms: early morning wakening, appetite changes, anhedonia. - Management: explanation, reassurance, antidepressants (TCAs, SSRIs though breastfeeding safety less established). - Maintain therapy for 6 months. • Postpartum psychosis - Incidence: 2 in 1000 women. - One‑third present with mania, two‑thirds with depression. - Acute management: sedation with neuroleptics for containment and assessment. • Ongoing management - Psychiatric assessment by specialist in postpartum disorders. - Admission to mother and baby unit. - Continue oral neuroleptics (e.g. haloperidol); treat extrapyramidal side effects with procyclidine. - Lithium carbonate for manic presentations. - Electroconvulsive therapy for severe depression. - Continue treatment for at least 6 months. - Advise recurrence risk ~50%.

▪️The puerperium A twenty six-year-old woman who is 8 days post normal delivery is admitted pyrexial at 38.5°C. Discuss the possible diagnoses, investigations and treatments. • Possible Diagnoses - Urogenital tract infection: most common, usually urinary tract infection. - Endometritis: fever, rigors, offensive vaginal discharge, possible retained products. - Breast infection: engorgement, mastitis, or abscess. - Chest infection: pneumonia, especially in women with asthma or underlying lung disease. - Venous thromboembolism: DVT presenting with painful swollen leg, or pulmonary embolism with pyrexia and respiratory symptoms. • Investigations - Urine: clean‑catch specimen, dipstick, microscopy, culture. - Bloods: full blood count, urea and electrolytes, cultures if septic. - Vaginal swab: for endometritis. - Breast exam: clinical assessment ± ultrasound if abscess suspected. - Chest exam: sputum culture, chest X‑ray if indicated. - Leg exam: duplex Doppler for suspected DVT. - PE suspicion: V/Q scan or CT pulmonary angiography. • Treatments - UTI: empiric antibiotics, adjust per culture. - Endometritis: broad‑spectrum antibiotics, consider evacuation if retained products. - Breast infection: analgesia, antibiotics, incision and drainage if abscess. - Chest infection: antibiotics, oxygen, physiotherapy. - DVT/PE: anticoagulation therapy. - General measures: hydration, analgesia, supportive care.

▪️Obstetric emergencies Short notes on cord prolapse, shoulder dystocia and primary postpartum haemorrhage. • Cord prolapse - Definition: descent of umbilical cord loops through cervix ahead of presenting part. - Incidence: ~1 in 500 deliveries, associated with prematurity and malpresentations. - Diagnosis: usually on vaginal examination after abnormal CTG. If cord visible at vulva, keep warm and replace. - Management: urgent Caesarean section unless cervix fully dilated and safe assisted delivery possible. While awaiting delivery, reduce pressure on cord by maternal knee‑chest or head‑down position, manual elevation of presenting part, or bladder filling. - Outcome depends on gestation and associated complications. • Shoulder dystocia - Definition: difficulty delivering anterior fetal shoulder. - Incidence: 0.2–1.2% of deliveries. - Risk factors: large fetus, small maternal size, obesity, diabetes, prolonged labour, assisted vaginal delivery. - Management: call for senior help, avoid excessive traction. First‑line manoeuvres include McRobert’s (hyperflexion and abduction of maternal legs) and suprapubic pressure to adduct shoulders. These resolve ~85% of cases. If unsuccessful, use internal rotation or deliver posterior arm. - Post‑delivery: debrief mother and partner. • Primary postpartum haemorrhage - Definition: blood loss >500 mL within first 24 hours after delivery. - Initial management: maternal resuscitation with oxygen, IV access, fluids, blood tests (FBC, cross‑match). - Most common cause: uterine atony (90%). - Treatment: uterine massage or bimanual compression, pharmacological agents (ergometrine, high‑dose oxytocin, prostaglandin F2‑alpha), empty bladder. - If placenta undelivered, expedite removal and check completeness. - If bleeding persists: suspect genital tract trauma → examination under anaesthesia and repair. - If still uncontrolled: check coagulation, correct DIC with blood products.

▪️Perinatal infections Short notes on HIV, parvovirus and Group B streptococcus in pregnancy. • HIV - Caused by an RNA retrovirus. Pregnancy does not accelerate progression to AIDS. - Pregnancy risks: miscarriage, preterm delivery, intrauterine growth restriction. Confidentiality is essential. - Vertical transmission risk without intervention: 25–40%. - Transmission mainly at delivery and via breastfeeding. - Prevention: avoid breastfeeding, elective Caesarean if viral load >50 copies/mL, antiretroviral therapy in late pregnancy and neonatal period. • Parvovirus B19 - Cause of “slapped cheek syndrome” in children. Often asymptomatic - In pregnancy: ~15% risk of chronic fetal infection, persistent anaemia, non‑immune hydrops. May resolve spontaneously or require intrauterine transfusion. - Diagnosis: maternal IgM positivity. - If maternal infection confirmed, fetus requires close monitoring for hydrops. - Not teratogenic. • Group B Streptococcus - Asymptomatic commensal of gut/genital tract. - Can cause severe neonatal infection and death. - Screening/treatment not routinely beneficial due to recolonization. - Culture recommended in complicated pregnancies or previous preterm delivery. - Infants at risk: prematurity, prolonged rupture of membranes, growth restriction. - No strong evidence for intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis in women with carriage in previous pregnancy.