إختِبارات ومُلخَّصات مُمَهِدو التَخدير

23. A 65-year-old man with COPD is on high-flow nasal cannula at FiO₂ 55%. His PaO₂ is 92 mmHg. What is his PaO₂/FiO₂ ratio?

22. A 40-year-old female with acute asthma exacerbation is on mechanical ventilation with FiO₂ set to 50%. The latest ABG shows: • PaO₂: 110 mmHg • PaCO₂: 36 mmHg What is her PaO₂/FiO₂ ratio?

21. A 55-year-old male with pneumonia is receiving supplemental oxygen via a non-rebreather mask at 60% FiO₂. His ABG results show a PaO₂ of 78 mmHg. What is his PaO₂/FiO₂ ratio, and what classify?

20. Which of the following helps in optimizing expiration during volume assist control?

19. During weaning, ineffective efforts are a result of:

18. Which parameter indicates air-trapping when using the flow-time curve?

17. Aminophylline is avoided if the patient has taken it in the past:

16. A major complication of excessive dynamic hyperinflation is:

15. IV magnesium sulfate is used in asthma for:

14. In pressure support ventilation, late cycling can result from:

13. What level of respiratory acidosis is considered acceptable in permissive hypercapnia?

12. The role of NIV in severe asthma is:

11. What is the safe range of plateau pressure (Pplat) in ventilated COPD/asthma patients?

10. Which inhaled anticholinergic is used in acute exacerbations of COPD?

9. Which of the following parameters is most useful to suspect dynamic air trapping on a ventilator?

8. The primary reason for permissive hypercapnia in mechanically ventilated obstructive patients is:

7. Which ventilator strategy is most appropriate for minimizing dynamic hyperinflation?

6. In acute asthma, which medication should be administered first?

5. What is the recommended target SpO2 for a COPD patient on oxygen therapy?

4. Which of the following is a major risk of dynamic hyperinflation?