إختِبارات ومُلخَّصات مُمَهِدو التَخدير

15. In asthma, which immune cells play a major role in the inflammatory process?

14. The hallmark of asthma is:

13. Which gas is most commonly used in the treatment of severe asthma or COPD exacerbations?

12. A common complication of COPD that can lead to right-sided heart failure is:

11. Which of the following is NOT typically used in COPD management?

10. In severe asthma, pulsus paradoxus is:

9. Which of the following findings is consistent with dynamic hyperinflation in COPD?

8. What is the role of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in COPD exacerbation?

7. What is the purpose of giving systemic corticosteroids in severe asthma?

6. Which of the following is a major risk factor for developing COPD?

5. Which ABG pattern is expected in early stages of severe asthma?

4. Which medication class is the first-line treatment for acute severe asthma?

3. The primary cause of airway limitation in COPD is:

2. In a patient with COPD, which type of emphysema is most associated with smoking?

1. Which of the following is a common symptom of COPD?

25. A 30-year-old male with COVID-19 is on BiPAP at FiO₂ 60%. His ABG shows PaO₂ of 70 mmHg. What is his PaO₂/FiO₂ ratio, and what is the classification?

24. A 50-year-old patient is admitted with ARDS and is receiving oxygen through a Venturi mask set to 40% FiO₂. Her PaO₂ is 98 mmHg. What is her PaO₂/FiO₂ ratio?

23. A 65-year-old man with COPD is on high-flow nasal cannula at FiO₂ 55%. His PaO₂ is 92 mmHg. What is his PaO₂/FiO₂ ratio?

22. A 40-year-old female with acute asthma exacerbation is on mechanical ventilation with FiO₂ set to 50%. The latest ABG shows: • PaO₂: 110 mmHg • PaCO₂: 36 mmHg What is her PaO₂/FiO₂ ratio?