SurgeNote

1. Acute pyelonephritis: Would have fever, flank pain, costovertebral angle tenderness, ± vomiting. 2. Urethritis: More associated with urethral discharge and STI history. 3. Renal calculi. Causes colicky flank pain, hematuria, not urgency/frequency.

Classic lower urinary tract infection (UTI) picture: 1. Dysuria (burning) 2. Frequency 3. Urgency 4. Suprapubic pain All point to bladder inflammation = cystitis.

“CYSTitis = CITY bladder” C= Can’t hold urine I= Irritated bladder T= Tiny frequent voids Y= Yow! suprapubic pain

Cystitis Review in 4 minutes, All you need to know

Currant jelly stool ; Seen in Intussusuception Patients, Symptoms, How to Diagnose

Understanding Intussusception

كشمش أو Currant

Intussusception

Currant jelly stool

Currant jelly stool

1. Sudden inability to void 2. Painful lower abdominal distension 3. Feeling of bladder fullness This is classic features of acute urinary retention most commonly cause is benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in elderly men.

Informative

هاذي بالجودة العالية

“PHEO = PRESSURE HITS HARD” Pressure ↑ (hypertension) Headache Episodic sweating Out-of-control palpitations Or the classic one: “The 3 H’s” Headache Hyperhidrosis Heart racing هاذي مهمة 👇👇👇🔥🔥🔥🔥 Classic triad (HIGH-YIELD) Headache – Sweating – Palpitations وهاذي أهم من المهمة 👇🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥👇🔥🔥👇👇👇👇👇🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥👇👇🔥🔥🔥 Episodic headache, sweating, palpitations with hypertension = pheochromocytoma until proven otherwise

10% Rule for Pheochromocytomas/Paragangliomas Inaccurate but still a helpful memory tool: 10% are paragangliomas (ie, extra-renal). 10% are bilateral. 10% are malignant. 10% present in children. 10% are NOT associated with hypertension 10% contain calcification 30% are familial (ie, genetic). Genetic diseases include: 1. Multiple endocrine neoplasia type II (MEN II) 2. Von Hippel-Lindau disease 3. Neurofibromatosis type I 4. Tuberous sclerosis 5. Sturge-Weber syndrome

لو قال hypothyroidism من دون 1ry او 2ry نقدر نعذرك