Learn Tatar

#tt_advanced Maturlıq We're continuing reading the classics of Tatar literature. Here is a (slightly) shortened version of a beautiful and touching story written by Əmirxan Yeniki in 1964. Hope you enjoy reading it and learn some new vocabulary I have highlighted for you! 🌸

#tt_advanced Maturlıq We're continuing reading the classics of Tatar literature. Here is a (slightly) shortened version of a beautiful and touching story written by Əmirxan Yeniki in 1964. Hope you enjoy reading it and learn some new vocabulary I have highlighted for you! 🌸

#tt_intermediate Home II 🏠 Living situation tulay toraq – dormitory yallaw – to rent küçenü – to move Min studentlar tulay torağında bülmə yallap toram. - I rent a room in a student dorm. 🏗️ House parts qapqa – gate qoyma – fence tübə – roof morca – chimney tüşəm – ceiling poçmaq – corner Bülməneñ hər poçmağında idənnən tüşəmgə qәdər ürmələp üsə torğan göllər bar ide. - In every corner of the room from the floor up to ceiling there were climbing plants. 🔔 Basics qıñğıraw – bell yozaq – lock cihazlar – conveniences, furniture qabızğıç/özgeç – (on/off) switch üzək cılıtu – central heating cılıtqıç – radiator, heater kondisioner – air-conditioner elektr – electricity Yaña öyebezdə bez üzək cılıtu həm elektr öçen ayırım tülərgə tiyeşbez. – In our new house, we have to pay for the central heating and electricity separately. 🪑 Furniture kiştə – shelf tartma – drawer keləm – carpet pərdə – curtain elü – to hang Əni bezgə uzğan atnada elengən pərdələrgə turı kilgən yaña keləm bülək itte. – My mom gave us a new carpet that matches the curtains we hung last week. 🛏️ Bedsheets urın-cirləre – bedclothes, bedsheets cəymə – bedcover yurğan – blanket yurğan tışı – duvet cover mendər – pillow mendər tışı – pillowcase kerlər – laundry ker(lər) yuwu – to do laundry İrtəgə ker yuğanda mendər həm yurğan tışların yudırtırğa quyçı. – Tomorrow when you do the laundry, please wash the pillow cases and duvet covers. 📺 Household items yort kirək-yaraqları – household items seberke – broom cıyıştıru – to clean up idən yuwu – to clean the floor ütük – iron ütükləw – to iron tuzan suwırtqıç (robot) – (robot) vacuum cleaner suwırtu – to vacuum clean suwıtqıç – fridge televizor – TV yuwu maşinası – washing machine sawıt-saba yuwu maşinası – dishwasher

Öy – Home 🌷Subscribe to Learn Tatar

#tt_beginner Demonstrative pronouns 👉🏼 To be able to point at objects and identify them, we need demonstrative pronouns. Demonstrative pronouns identify a noun. When used without a noun, they change according to numbers and cases. bu – this/these Bu minem öyem. – This is my house. Bu öylər bezneke. – These houses are ours. bolar – these (without a noun) Bolar şundıy matur! – These are so beautiful! ☝🏼 If used without a noun bu takes up different cases and the stem changes to mo- (except for nominative): Min monı bik yaratam – I like this a lot. şuşı – this/these (this/these ... here) Min şuşı fatirda üstem. – I grew up in this apartment (here). ul – that/those Ul bina yaña. – That building is new. Ul uramnarda küp pesilər bar. – In those streets there are a lot of cats. şul – that/those (that/those ... there) Әye, şul keşe belәn söylәştem. – Yes, it was that person I talked to. ☝🏼 If used without a noun şul takes up different cases and the stem drops the -l (except for nominative): Min şunda eşlim. – I work there (e.g., in that building). tege – that/those (farther away), that/those ... over there Tege tərəzələrne satıp aldım nihayәt. – I've finally bought those windows. 👉🏼 The plurals (cannot be followed by nouns) are: alar, şular, tegelər. 👉🏼 The following pronouns identify adjectives and take the meaning “such, like this/that, this/that kind of”: mondıy şuşındıy andıy şundıy tegendi 👉🏼 The following demonstrative pronouns identify verbs and don’t change according to numbers or cases. They mean “in this/that manner, so (like this/that)”: bolay şuşılay alay şulay tegeləy ☝🏼 To the above may be added menə (this is, these are, here is/are) or ənə (that there), when they are used to point out a person or thing, located close by or far away respectively: menə bu keşe – this person here ənə şul bina – that building there ənə tege uram – that street over there

#tt_newbie Home I 🏠 We have already learnt modal words that are used to indicate the presence or absence of persons, things, etc. As a reminder, these words, bar and yuq, take no personal endings. waqıt bar əle – there is still time başqa yul yuq – there is no other way 🏡 In our very first beginner post we started the topic of home. You can click on the link to brush up on your personal pronouns and the names of the rooms. Now, let's add more to the home-related vocabulary. öy – home yort, öy – house bina – building fatir – apartment qat – floor (first, second, etc.) lift – elevator, lift işegaldı – courtyard uram – street kürşe – neighbor yəşəw – to live Min iske yortnıñ öçençe qatında yəşim. Bezneñ lift yuq. – I live on the third floor of an old house. We don’t have an elevator. diwar – wall közge – mirror rəsem – picture, painting qaraw – to look Diwarda ike rəsem həm zur közge bar. – There are two paintings and a big mirror on the wall. idən – floor (parket, etc.) işek – door tərəzə – window açu – to open yabu – to close açqıç – key bikləw – to close, to lock with a key Yoqlarğa yatqançı yoqı bülməsendə tərəzələrne açarğa yaratam. – I like opening the windows in the bedroom before going to sleep. basqıç – staircase östəl – table divan – sofa kənəfi – armchair urındıq – chair utıru – to sit yataq – bed yatu – to lie Tür yaqta divan həm ike kənəfi bar. – There is a sofa and two armchairs in the living room. ut – light ut qabızu – to turn on the light ut sünderü – to turn on the light

Öy – Home 🌷Subscribe to Learn Tatar

#tt_culture The History of Tatars I: the Volga Bulgaria 📚 This post has been months in making. It is my attempt at summing up 1500+ pages of the first two volumes of “The History of the Tatars” by the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan. These cover ancient times and Volga Bulgaria, and there are 5 more volumes (from the Golden Horde to modern times). Where do Tatars originate from? Why and when did they adopt Islam and how did it influence them socially and culturally? If you don’t have the energy or time to read the original, I hope you find a quiet evening in your busy life to make yourself a warm cup of tea and just enjoy reading this summary, it’s worth it! And please let me know if you’re interested in me retelling the other volumes in the future 🤍

#tt_advanced Tarix We've already had a geography topic, now let’s move on to history. Here is some useful vocabulary for you to speak about history and politics in Tatar: 🤝 Social and political concepts: hönərçelər – artisans səwdəgərlər – merchants xərbi – military cenes – gender səyəsət – politics saylawlar – elections xakimlek – authority qanun çığaru xakimiyəte – legislative power başqarma xakimiyət – executive power mәxkәmә xakimiyəte – judicial power təğlimat – doctrine dəwlət – state dəwlət başlığı – the head of state xökümət – government xökümət əğzaları – members of the government ruxanilar – clergymen cəmğiyət – society möstəqillek – sovereignty bəysezlek – independence 🐎 From Tatar history: Böyek Bolğar ile – Great Bulgaria Altın Urda – the Golden Horde Qazan xanlığı – Kazan Khanate Çirmeş suğışları – Chermesh wars, an uprising of the Chermesh (Mari) people against the policies of the Russian tsarist government after annexation to the Russian Empire. Other peoples of the Volga region participated in the uprising: Tatars, Khants and Mansi qәbilə – tribe qorıltay – kurultay (a political and military council of ancient Mongol and Turkic chiefs and khans) çəçək atu dəwere – prosperity, golden age səwdə kileşüwe – trade agreement xəlitkeç suğış – deciding battle məçetlər cimerü – destruction of mosques massaküləm açlıq – mass starvation basıp alu – to conquer alınu – conquest höcüm itü – to attack tar-mar itü – to smash (an enemy) buysındıru – to subdue idarə itü – to rule nigezləw – to found … şəhərenə nigez salınu – founding of the city of … barlıqqa kilü – to emerge fetnə – rebellion cirle xalıqlar küterəleşe – uprising of local peoples imperiyə tarqaluwı – collapse of an empire dekoloniyəlism – decolonialism Do you have more vocabulary to add to the list? Leave your suggestions in the comments!

#tt_intermediate 5 phrasal verbs ✅ xəl itü – to resolve, decide Quramşinnıñ qalu-qalmaw məs’ələse, bəlki, əllə qayçan xəl itelgənder inde?! (Şamil Bikçurin, “Tirən qatlam”) The matter of whether or not Quramşin would stay had perhaps been already decided on sometime ago! ✅ qarar itü/birü – to decide, resolve Bez iptəşlər belən söyləşep, tuynı irtəgə ük yasarğa qarar birdek. (Fətxi Burnaş, “Kamali qart”) My friends and I talked, and we decided to have the wedding tomorrow already. ✅ (infinitive) bulu – to decide to do sth. Yaña ay başına yartı təwlek qala ul da ... quzğalırğa buldı. (Nurixan Fəttax, “Sızğıra torğan uqlar”) Half a day before the beginning of the new month, he, too … decided to set out. ✅ çara kürü – to take measures Quldan kilgən barlıq çaranı kürergə ... kirək. (Kərim Əmiri, “Tañ waqıtı”) All possible measures must be taken … ✅ köç quyu – to make effort Söyekle şağirebez Ğabdulla Tuqaynıñ nəsel-nəsəben, qərdəş-ıruların öyrənügə Zəkiyə Rəsulova bik küp köç quydı. (Damir Ğarifullin, “Şəcərələr”) Zakia Rasulova put a lot of effort into studying the genealogy and relatives of our beloved poet Ğabdulla Tuqay.

#tt_beginner Indefinite pronouns I 💬 Indefinite pronouns are formed by: a) placing the particle əllə before the interrogative pronouns; b) joining the suffix -dır, -der, -tır, -ter to the interrogative pronouns. əllə kem – kemder (somebody, someone) əllə nərsə / əllə ni – nərsəder / nider (something) əllə nindi – nindider (some kind of, something like) əllə niçek – niçekter (somehow, in some way) əllə qayda – qaydadır (somewhere, someplace) etc. ℹ️ Furthermore, the stress shifts towards əllə when it precedes an interrogative pronoun: əllə´ nərsə – something (very vague) əllə´ niçek – how, in what way (very vague) 💬 Teləsə (if he/she/it wishes) is combined with interrogative pronouns to form compound indefinite pronouns: teləsə kem – anybody, whoever teləsə nərsə – anything, whatever teləsə niçek – anyhow teləsə qaydan – from anywhere teləsə qayçan – whenever ℹ️ Compound indefinite pronouns formed with teləsə indicate that the action may be directed towards the person, place, or thing expressed by the pronouns, if the subject so desires. Teləsə kem belən söyləşergə xaqım bar (İbrahim Ğəzi, “Onıtılmas yıllar”) I have the right to talk with anybody I want. 💬 Combined with interrogative pronouns, da bulsa / bulsa da (if it is) form compound indefinite pronouns: kem də bulsa / kem bulsa da – anybody nərsə də bulsa – anything qayda da bulsa – anywhere qayçan da bulsa – some time, one day (in the future), ever nindi də bulsa – any (kind of) niçek tə bulsa – somehow Əllə berər cirdə, qayda da bulsa yıraqta, minem tiklerək enese barmı ikən? Əllə bik bala canlı keşeme? (Ğömər Bәşirov, “Tuğan yağım, yəşel bişek”) Does she perhaps have at some place, somewhere far away, a younger brother who is a bit like me? Or is she a person who is very fond of children? Cəmilə tirləde, qızardı, niçek bulsa da samovarnı ağartıp beterde. (Məcit Ğafuri, “Yarlılar”) Cəmilə sweated, her face reddened; somehow she got the samovar clean.

#tt_newbie Interrogative Pronouns kem – who nərsə, ni – what qay, qaysı – which nindi – what kind of niçə – how many küpme – how much niçənçe – which one (number) niçəşər – how many each niçələp – approximately how many niqәdər, niçaqlı, nixətle – how much niçek – how, in what manner nik, nigə – why qayda – where qaya – to where qaydan, qayan – from where qayçan – when ❔Let’s look at the pronouns in a dialog, where a nosy neighbor wants to know everything about your painting: A: Səlam, kürşe! Nişlədeñ bügen? B: Səlam! Rəsem yasıy idem. A: Şəp! Nindi rəsem? B: Tawlar həm qoyaş bayışı belәn peyzaj. Ker, əydə kürsətəm. A: Rəxmət. Bik matur kilep çıqqan. Bu rəsemne yasar öçen niçə səğət kitte? B: Öç səğət çaması waqıt kirək buldı. A: Wow, bigrək tiz! Küpme buyaw qullandıñ? B: Min berniçə törle tös qullandım, əmma küp tügel. Bəlki ike keçkenə tüb kitkәnder. A: Qızıq! Sineñ yaratqan töseñ qaysısı? B: Zəñgər tösmerlərne qullanırğa yaratam. Tınıçlandıralar mine. A: Nigə bu yulı peyzaj sayladıñ? B: Küptən tügel genә qılğan tawlarğa səyəxətem ilhamlandırdı. A: Qaya bardıñ? B: Alp tawlarına. Bu bik matur ide! A: Şəp. Qayçan buldıñ? B: Uzğan ay bardım. Hawa torışı səyəxət həm rəsem yasaw öçen bik yaxşı ide. A: Minem də barasım kilə. Niçek barıp citteñ anda? B: Duslarım belən maşinada yörep qayttım. Əmma poyezd belən də barıp bula. A: Şulaymıni? Ə poyezd qaydan kitә? B: Töp stansiyədən. A: Ə-ə. Yarar, min sine bütən büldermim. Kürsətkəneñ öçen rəxmət! Əydə, uñışlar siña. B: Rəxmət! ___________________________ A: Hi neighbor! What did you do today? B: Hey! I was working on my painting. A: That's cool! What kind of painting? B: It's a landscape with mountains and a sunset. Come in, let me show you. A: Thanks! It looks really nice. How many hours did it take you to paint it? B: About three hours. A: Wow, that's fast! How much paint did you use? B: I used a few different colors, but not much. Maybe two small tubes. A: Interesting! Which one is your favorite color to work with? B: I really like using shades of blue. They calm me down. A: And why did you choose a landscape this time? B: I was inspired by a recent trip to the mountains. A: Where did you go? B: I went to the Alps. It was beautiful! A: Cool. When did you go there? B: I went last month. The weather was perfect for hiking and painting. A: Nice! I'd love to go there too. How did you get there? B: I drove with some friends. But you can also go by train. A: Is that so? Where does it depart from? B: From the main station. A: Alright. I won't keep you from your painting any longer. Thanks for showing! Good luck. B: Thanks!

Barığıznıñ da 2024-nçe yıl bəxetle həm möbarək bulsın, monda buluwığız həm tatar tele belən qızıqsınuwığız öçen rəxmət yawsın! Min sezneñ öçen tağın bik küp tel həm mədəniyat kontentın əzerlədem 🤍 I wish all of you a blissful and blessed 2024, and thank you for being here and your interest in Tatar! I have so much more language and culture content in store for you 🤍

#tt_culture Did Tatars celebrate the New Year? ☃️ The celebration of the New Year’s Day on January 1st was not universally observed among the Tatars of the Volga and Ural regions due to the historical development of the region. The introduction of Islam and the Islamic calendar, known as Hijra, in the territory dates back to the 10th century. However, it was impractical for daily activities, leading the people to maintain the old calendar based on the animal cycle and the zodiac system, which better reflected natural changes. Upon joining Russia in the mid-16th century, the Christian calendar began to influence the Tatars. While opinions differ on the exact adoption period, by the 19th century, it appears that at least some Tatars officially recognized January 1st as the New Year's Day. Nevertheless, the widespread celebration and ritualization of this day did not occur, and the tradition of celebrating the New Year in March persisted among Kazan Tatars. Noqrat Tatars, however, particularly marked January 1st by sending boys to neighbors with wishes for prosperity, abundant harvests, and healthy livestock: Yaña yılığız qotlı bulsın, Aşlığığız yaxşı bulsın, Başağı biş qarış bulsın. Sıyırığız sötle bulsın, Atığız köçle bulsın… The New Year's Day was also associated with baking, and in various villages, Tatars prepared treats with wishes for a successful year. For example, qoymaq (pancakes), saying “yıllar tınıç bulsın” (may the year be peaceful). Qasıym and Mişər Tatars used to bake little unleavened dough balls. Kazan Tatars didn’t celebrate the 1st of January as the New Year’s day, but still didn’t leave the oven empty, baking some unleavened flatbread “təbikmək” and oatmeal bread with wishes for a prosperous year. It was called “taba ise çığaru” (letting out the pan’s smell). The celebration of the New Year varied among Tatar subgroups, with some adhering to ancient customs and others incorporating Slavic and Finno-Ugric influences. ________________ Based on R. Urazmanova “Rites and holidays of Tatars of the Volga Region and Ural” (2001)

#tt_intermediate 10 words: Winter bizəklər – decorations boz söñgese – icicle qar börtege – snowflake qar körte – snowdrift buran – blizzard kürkə – pine cone çana – sleigh, sledge çañgı şuwu – skiing timerayaqta şuwu – ice skating şuğalaq – ice rink ✨An extra word for you: qışqı qoyaş torğınlığı – winter solstice 🌷Subscribe to Learn Tatar for more Tatar content like this!

#tt_intermediate 10 words: Winter bizəklər – decorations boz söñgese – icicle qar börtege – snowflake qar körte – snowdrift buran – blizzard kürkə – pine cone çana – sleigh, sledge çañgı şuwu – skiing timerayaqta şuwu – ice skating şuğalaq – ice rink ✨An extra word for you: qışqı qoyaş torğınlığı – winter solstice

#tt_newbie 10 words: Winter holidays qar – snow qar babay – snowman boz – ice suwıq, salqın – cold biyələy – glove, mitten çırşı – spruce, christmas tree peşerü – cooking, baking şəm – candle bəyrəm – holiday Yaña Yıl – New Year

There is a team ready to work on a Tatar course in Russian and English on Duolingo. Please sign this petition 👇🏼 https://chng.it/9nLgt8zMQg