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The Phoenix Cluster
The Phoenix Cluster is a massive, Abell class type I galaxy cluster located at its namesake, southern constellation of Phoenix. It was initially detected in 2010 during a 2,500 square degree survey of the southern sky using the Sunyaev Zeldovich effect by the South Pole Telescope collaboration. It is one of the most massive galaxy clusters known, with the mass on the order of 2×1015 M☉,and is the most luminous X-ray cluster discovered, producing more X-rays than any other known massive cluster. It is located at a comoving distance of 8.61 billion light-years (2.64 gigaparsecs) from Earth. About 42 member galaxies were identified and currently listed in the SIMBAD Astronomical Database, though the real number may be as high as 1,000.[6Owing to its extreme properties, the Phoenix Cluster has been extensively studied and is considered one of the most important class of objects of its type. A multiwavelength observational study by M. McDonald and colleagues show that it has an extremely strong cooling flow rate (roughly 3,280 M☉ per annum), described as a runaway cooling flow. This measurement is one of the highest ever seen in the middle of a galaxy cluster. The very strong cooling flow, in contrast to other galaxy clusters, has been a suggested result of the feedback mechanism to prevent a runaway cooling flow which may not yet be established yet in the Phoenix Cluster; the heating mechanism expected to be produced by the central black hole being inadequate to create a feedback (in contrast to the Perseus and Virgo clusters). This is further supported by the high starburst activity of the central galaxy Phoenix A, where stars are formed at 740 M☉ per annum (compared to the Milky Way's 1 M☉ per annum of star production); the central active galactic nucleus attested to not have been producing sufficient energy to ionize the galaxy's gas and prevent starburst activity. The Phoenix Cluster was first reported in a paper by R. Williamson and colleagues during a survey by the South Pole Telescope in Antarctica, being one of the 26 galaxy clusters identified by the survey. The detection has been conducted at frequencies between 95, 150, and 220 GHz, with 14 of the galaxy clusters detected have been previously identified, while 12 – including Phoenix Cluster, being new discoveries. The would-be named Phoenix Cluster (still identified by its numerical catalogue entry SPT-CL J2344–4243) has been remarked to be having "the largest X-ray luminosity of any cluster" described by the survey. A bright, type-2 Seyfert galaxy has also been pronounced lying 19 arcseconds from the apparent center of the cluster that has been identified as 2MASX J23444387-4243124, which would later be named Phoenix A, the cluster's central galaxy
Assume that the H, molecule behaves like a harmonic oscillator with a force constant k = 573 N/m and find the vibrational quantum number corresponding to its 4.50-eV dissociation energy. Given: mass of hydrogen atom = 1.67 × 10-27 kg, h=6.63 × 10-34 Js.
According to the postulates of quantum mechanics, how are observables related to operators?
What would the pz atomic orbital radial wave function look like when combined with spherical harmonics?
wavefunction of a particle in three dimensions is given by
ψ(x, y, z) = N z exp[−a(x2 + y2 + z2)] where a is a positive constant and N is a normalization constant. If L is the angular momentum operator, the eigenvalues of L2 and Lz, respectively, are
The generator of the infinitesimal canonical transformation q → q' = (1 + ∈)q and p→ p' = (1 - ∈)p is
Consider a one dimensional free particle, for which the Hamiltonian commutes with the momentum operator. Which of the following statements is false?
A particle of mass m is trapped in an infinite, quantum well of width L. The expectation value of its momentum in the third excited state is
The equation of the tangent to the curve y = x cube at (1, 1) :
The abscissa of the point on the curve 3y = 6x – 5x3, at which the normal passes through origin is:
Which of the following is true regarding the function f(x) = x3 - 6x2 + 12x - 18 ?
It is given that at x = 2, the function x3 - 12x2 + kx - 8 attains its maximum value, on the interval [0, 3]. Find the value of k
The point(s) on the curve y = x3 - 11x + 5 at which the tangent is y = x - 11 is/are :
The volume determined from ∫∫∫v 8 xyz dv for V = [2, 3] × [1, 2] × [ 0,1 ] will be (in integer) ________.
