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371
🛑 وانا بنقل بلازماااااا غير RBCs
في ال Rbcs ...universal donor is o group
Universal recipient is AB group
أما في البلازما العكس
ال donor AB group
Recipient is o group مهممم
ال tube الحمرا مش فيها أي حاجه ولا anticoagulant فيهااااا serum مش بلازما
🔁☢️في حاجه مهمه الدكتورة قالتها بعد ماعمل العينه centrifugation بيطلعلب حاجتين discarded supernatant وده مش عايزينك بنحدفه وبيطلع sediment وده اللي بعمله examination
⏪حاجه كمان الفرق بين بيقولك في ال chronic animea البروفايل بتاع الحديد بيبقا زي ال iron deficiency مع اختلاااف أن ال ferritin بيبقا عالي في ال chrooooonic
371
1 Acute hemorrhage appears in CT as...
White
Black
Light grey
Dark gray
2. Most common cause of infection...
Hand
3. Which of the followving is true regarding pneumothorax...
Abnormal accumulation of air in the pleural space with abnormal lucency and collapsed lung in the affected part.
4. best method to diagnose pulmonary embolism is ...
CT with contrast(angiography)
Ct without contrast
Xray
5. ALARA principles..
time , distance,shielding
Dose, distance, Time
Distance, dose, sheilding
Time, shielding, dose
6 anticoagulant for CBC...
EDTA
7.liver mass...
Triphasic CT
8. First thing in blood sample..
2 patient identifiers
9 microcytosis...
MCV
MCH
MCHС
10. First thing to do with transfusion reaction...
Stop the transfusion
11 Best diagnostic method for skull fracture...
CT bone window
CT soft tissue window
12 Best investigation for acute appendicitis..
Us
X ray
MRI
13 All is true regarding overian cysts except..
Colloid
Dermoid
14 standard position for chest x-ray..
PA position
15 Low iron low binding capacity high ferritin....
Anemia of chronic disease
16 Not ionizing radiation..
US
17 Most safe tool...
US
18 febrile non hemolytic transfusion reaction ...
WBCs antigen
19 universal donor...
O group
20 O group...
No antigens
21 errors affecting laboratory results can be classified as pre analytical, analytical and post analytical Which one of the following statements best describe the most frequent source of errors...
pre analytical phase
analytical phase
Post analytical phase
errors occur with equal frequency in all three phases
22 Hb 4...
laboratory phone report of critical results should be ocurred with read back.
delay in reporting critical results don't affect patient outcome.
23 point of care testing...
available at or near the site.
performed inside the physical facilities of clinical laboratories.
require permanent dedicated space.
24 chest diseases...
X ray
25 sub dural hemorrhage...
Between dura and arachnoid
26 IVP...
Urinary system
27 physical exam of urine...
Odor, color,Volume
28 standard precausion of hand hygiene...
All time with all patients
29 hepatic panel..
ALT
30 unilateral pleural effusion...
Blunting of a costophrenic angle of same side and shift of trachea to other side
371
الصبغات
🌱Masson ...fibrosis لاربعة system
Ms-cvs-kidney-liver
🌱Fontana masson....mmelanin
🌱🅿️AS الميكروباص
فيه glycogen -fungi-.....شايل .كتير
ولونها .ink🅿️
🅿️urprle
🌱von kossa
الكوسة قلبها ابيض زي الكالسيوم
🌱p...blule
الحديد المزرق
🌱gomoriiiiii. ...fungiiiiiii..... pneumocystic carniiiiiiii
🌱Congo reddd....amyloiddd
🌱rhodaninnnne....cu binding proteinnnnn
🌱CT.
الكونيكتف تيشو جواه خيوط elastic و عامله شبكه reticulum
Verhoff s Elastic
Reticlin
Masson قولناها
🌱اخر تلاته دول عارفينهم
Giemsa stain ...H.pylori
Acid fast or ZN......TB
Sudan 3 & oil red.......fat
371
ودي تحشيشه ل Tumor markers 😂
🔴 Epithelial : Cytokeratin & EMA
Cytokertin ( الكيراتين موجود ع الجلد من بره )
EMA > (Epithelial) membrane antigen
🔴 Mesenchymal markers ( Connecti(V)e tissue ) >> (V)imentin
🔴 Leucocytic markers : LCA+CD20+CD3
LCA > (Leucocytic) common antigen
CD3 (Triple) > T lymphocyte
CD20 ( ب عشرين جنيه بس ) B lymphocyte
🔴 Endothelial > Fator VIII & CD34
Factor VIII > Coagulation factors in blood ( endothelial
CD34 احفظها كده حفظ حمير دلوقتي
🔴 Mesothelial > Calretinin
ميزو عامل كيرلي
🔴 Neural & Melanoma & Cartilaginous tumours > S-100 protein
النمس NMC عنده ١٠٠ بروتين
🔴 Melanoma > HMB45 & melanin A
ميلانوما من الميلانين A و HMB 45 ( احفظ الHMB 45 زي الCD 34 فوق ... اشمعنى دي يعني )
+ S100 protein فوق
🔴 Muscle : Desmin & Actin
العضلات دسمة ( Desmin ) كده و فيها Actin و ميوسين
🔴 Neuroglial markers : Glial fibrillary acid protein ( GFAP )
بصراحة انا مش عارف انطقه اصلا ... مشيها Galial مع Glial
🔴 Neuroendocrine : Neurone specific enolase & chromogranin & Synaptophysin
Neuro specific enolase > نيورو مع نيورو
Chromogranin > the neurotransmitters are couloured granules
Synaptophysin > Synapes between nerve fibers fibers
🔴Thyroid > Thyroglobulin + Thyroid transcription factor 1
الاسامي واضحة
🔴 GIT stromal tumours & Germ cell tumours > C-Kit
البطن و الحوض في شنطة اسمها C-Kit
شنطة يعني Kit
🔴 Proliferation markers > Ki67
الProliferation مخلف 67 خلية
🔴 Metastasis > C-erb B2 ( Her2 )
احفظها تالت معلش حفظ حميري كده
371
Factors Influencing the Prognosis of Malignant Tumors
Aetiological Aspects of Neoplasia
1- The Molecular Basis of Cancer
2- Mechanism of Neoplastic Transformation
3- Types of Carcinogens
4- Precancerous Lesions
5- Co-carcinogens ( Helping Factors )
Laboratory Diagnosis of Neoplasia
