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71st BPSC Prelims Question Paper- 2025
PM Modi Launches Gyan Bharatam Portal, Calls Mission a Voice of Indiaâs Cultural and Knowledge Legacy https://www.newsonair.gov.in/pm-modi-launches-gyan-bharatam-portal-calls-mission-a-voice-of-indias-cultural-and-knowledge-legacy/
UPSC Mains 2025 GS 2 .pdf
GS 1 UPSC Mains 2025
âď¸ Essay Paper Mains 2025
âď¸Best wishes to all the warriors appearing tomorrow to the battlefield !
#UPSC_MAINS
#MAINS_2025
Modern History Trivia for Prelims
â¨Dr Sachchidananda Sinha(first Provisional President of the Indian Constituent Assembly) himself wanted a separate province of bihar (1912), then why he protested against the Bengal Partition (1905) and took part in Swadeshi Movement ?
đThe apparent contradiction can be resolved if we see the different contexts and motivations behind these two positions:
â¨Click here for the answer :-
https://x.com/upscwithcsr/status/1957084498174390371?s=46
UPSC CSE MAINS 2025 ADMIT CARD OUT đ¨
LINK - https://upsconline.gov.in/eadmitcard/admitcard_csm_2025/
A comprehensive effort to contain
SICKLE CELL DISEASE
#Sicklecellanaemia
âď¸Cover your Mains GS 1 - 4 syllabus through Q&A in just 75 days.
đĽFeatures of this course :
đ Daily 10 Q&A according to the schedule (DM For Schedule)
đ Total 500 Q&A in weekdays
đ Total 200 Q&A in 10 Sectional Tests
đ Total 80 Q&A in 4 Full length Tests
đ 12 Essays
â¨1:1 Evaluation & Mentorship
Itâs MAINS preparation which will help you in clearing PRELIMS.
For more details . Contact - @CSR_UPSC_IAS or Whatspp/call on the number provided above
â¨Solution :
Introduction :
The Basic Structure doctrine, evolved in Kesavananda Bharati case, holds that Parliament can amend the Constitution but cannot alter its fundamental identityâfeatures such as supremacy of the Constitution, democracy, rule of law, separation of powers, and fundamental rights. It acts as a substantive check on constitutional amendments even in the absence of explicit textual limits.
Global significance:
⢠Serves as a judicial safeguard against majoritarian erosion of constitutional values, relevant to democracies facing institutional fragility.
⢠Provides a model of constitutional âself-defenceâ that has influenced courts in Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Uganda.
⢠Demonstrates how judicial innovation can protect unenumerated core principles, even without a formal eternity clause.
Comparative perspective:
⢠Germany: Explicit âeternity clauseâ (Art. 79(3) Basic Law) entrenches democracy, federalism, and human dignity; Constitutional Court enforces limits.
⢠USA: Rigid amendment process under Art. V, but no judicial review of amendments; political process safeguards core values.
⢠UK: Parliamentary sovereigntyâno entrenched limits; constitutional changes made via ordinary law.
⢠South Africa: Entrenched provisions with supermajority and referendum requirements; Constitutional Court ensures compliance.
Strengths & concerns:
The Indian model offers flexibility and adaptability but invites criticism of judicial overreach and uncertainty in defining âbasic structure.â
Conclusion:
Globally, Indiaâs doctrine illustrates a court-led mechanism for constitutional preservation, contrasting with textual entrenchment or political safeguards elsewhere. It underscores that in vulnerable democracies, substantive limitsâwhether textual or judicialâare vital to protect constitutional identity.
âď¸ Mains Q. on Basic Structure and itâs global significance
Q. Analyse the global significance of the Basic Structure doctrine in comparison with constitutional practices in other countries.
#Upsc #UpscMains
âď¸PRELIMS FACT BOOSTER
â¨what is Cloudburst ?
đA cloudburst is an extreme amount of rainfall in a short period of time, usually over a small area, leading to flash floods and landslides, especially in hilly or mountainous regions.
đIt is a sudden and very intense rainfall event, typically:
â˘More than 100 mm (10 cm) of rain in less than an hour
â˘Over a localized area (e.g., a few square kilometers)
â˘Often accompanied by thunderstorms and strong winds
đCommon in:
â˘Himalayan states: Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Ladakh
â˘Western Ghats
â˘Northeast India
đHow Does It Happen?
1.Warm moist air rises rapidly due to convection.
2.It meets colder air in the upper atmosphere.
3.The moisture condenses very quickly, forming cumulonimbus clouds.
4.These clouds fail to move due to wind pattern stagnation.
5.The trapped moisture dumps all at once in one area = Cloudburst.
đEffects of Cloudburst
â˘Flash floods
â˘Landslides
â˘Soil erosion
â˘Destruction of roads, bridges, houses
â˘Loss of life and property
đIs Cloudburst a Meteorological Term?
Yes, but IMD (India Meteorological Department) doesnât use âcloudburstâ as a formal forecasting category due to:
â˘Suddenness
â˘Small spatial scale
â˘Lack of predictability
đMitigation & Preparedness
â˘Early warning systems
â˘Disaster-resilient infrastructure
â˘Weather forecasting advancements
â˘Community awareness & evacuation drills
#upsc #Prelims #uttarkashi #cloudburst
SDG Goals | States that spend wisely, rise steadily https://share.google/kMotYs8sRvsWxGuKX
Vice President and ex-officio Chairman of Rajya Sabha, Jagdeep Dhankhar resigns as the Vice President of India
