science_tricks_and_tips

Naegele’s rule • To the first day of the LMP, add 9 months and 7 days. • Or subtract 3 months and add 7 days (not forgetting to add a year!). • To be more accurate, as discussed above, add 9 days instead of 7. • If available, use an obstetric calendar, but add an additional 2 days. • Naegele's rule assumes a 28-day menstrual cycle. • Ovulation occurs 14 days before menstruation; in a 28-day cycle that is day 14. • If the woman's normal menstrual cycle is shorter or longer than this, you will need to add or subtract days accordingly. Calculate according to Naegele's rule above, then add or subtract the required days. Examples • For a regular 25-day cycle, subtract 3 days from the calculated expected birth date. • For a regular 35-day cycle, add 7 days to the calculated expected birth date. • For an irregular cycle that has no definite pattern, it is advisable to send a woman for an early dating scan, before 12 weeks of pregnancy, if this service is available; or do your best to calculate and use other clinical signs and symptoms of early pregnancy to help you. • Remember that a woman may be quite clear that she knows exactly when she was conceived. Use this information as part of your judgment. 🔻Join ► https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaUwGkvCBtxDrc3WUK15

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💧जल का pH मान होता है?

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💧जल का pH मान होता है?

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Look here for details 👇... Thrombectomy is a surgical procedure to remove a blood clot from a blood vessel. It involves making an incision to access the clot, then using specialized instruments to extract it. This restores normal blood flow and reduces the risk of complications like tissue damage or embolism. Recovery includes anticoagulant therapy. 🔻Join ► https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaUwGkvCBtxDrc3WUK15

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Face presentation When the attitude of the fetal head is one of complete extension, the occiput of the fetus will be in contact with its spine and the face will present. The incidence of a face presentation in labour is approximately 0.14%;2 most cases develop in labour from occipito- posterior positions (secondary face presentation). Rarely, face presentation is apparent before labour and may be associated with congenital abnormality (primary face presentation). Causes •The uterus is tilted sideways (anterior obliquity). •Contracted pelvis. •Tight or entangled cord. •Polyhydramnios. •Congenital abnormality (e.g. anencephaly). •Multiple pregnancy. Diagnosis •Antenatal diagnosis is unlikely as the presentation usually develops in labour. •On palpation: if the mentum is anterior, the presentation may not be detected. If the mentum is posterior, a deep groove may be felt between the occiput and the fetal back. •On vaginal examination: •The presenting part is high and irregular •The orbital ridges, eyes, nose, and mouth of the fetus are palpable •There may be confusion between the mouth and anus; differential signs are: open, hard gums, ridged palate, and the fetus may suck the examining finger •To determine the position, the mentum is located •Vaginal examinations should be undertaken with care so as not to injure or infect the eyes. Course and outcomes of labour •Prolonged labour. •With a mentoanterior position: spontaneous birth is possible. •With a mentoposterior position: following rotation of the mentum to the anterior, a spontaneous birth is possible. •Persistent mentoposterior: the mentum is in the hollow of the sacrum, so no further mechanism takes place. Instrumental assisted birth or •LSCS is the outcome. Management of labour and birth •Labour is often prolonged; the presenting part is ill-fitting, so there is slow progress. •Maternal comfort and support are important. •Communication and empathy are vital as the mother may become discouraged and anxious about her abilities. •Prior to birth, explain the risk of possible facial bruising to the face of the newborn to the parents. •Recognize delay or complications at an early stage. •The use of a scalp electrode should be avoided. •The use of IV oxytocin should be avoided. •Birth may be facilitated by supporting the extended fetal position and applying gentle pressure on the sinciput until thementum escapes. •An episiotomy may be indicated, before the occiput sweeps the perineum. Complications:- Mother •Obstructed labour, as the face is resistant to moulding. •Early rupture of the membranes. •Cord prolapse. •Perineal lacerations and perineal trauma. Neonatal •Facial bruising and oedema. •Cerebral haemorrhage. 🔻Join ► https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaUwGkvCBtxDrc3WUK15

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Let's take a look at the inside of a human skull There are 22 bones inside. If you count the inner ear and sublingual - 29.‌‌ 🔻Join ► https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaUwGkvCBtxDrc3WUK15

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What is Porphyria? Porphyria is basically a group of rare metabolic diseases (or disorders) that affect the skin and internal organs, such as the nervous system. These disorders are mainly caused by an enzyme deficiency. The enzyme deficiencies may stem from a number of different causes, which makes the symptoms and severity of different porphyria diseases vary greatly. 🔻Join ► https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaUwGkvCBtxDrc3WUK15

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