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𝗘𝗡𝗧𝗥𝗬 𝗢𝗡𝗟𝗬 5️⃣0️⃣ 𝗦𝗧𝗨𝗗𝗘𝗡𝗧𝗦
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⚪️ℚ𝕌𝕀ℂ𝕂 𝕋𝕀ℙ𝕊
✅ Quick tip to determine the number of gametes
✅ Formula = 2^n, where n = number of heterozygous allele pairs.
✅ Example: Determine the number of gametes in genotype AaBBCcDD.
✅Solution: In AaBBCcDD heterozygous is Aa and Cc = 2
✅ Formula: 2^n; 2^2 = 4
✅ Therefore, four types of gametes will be formed. These are,
✅ ABcD, ABCD, aBcD, aBCD
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⚙️𝖯𝖱𝖨𝖭𝖢𝖨𝖯𝖫𝖤 𝖮𝖥 𝖨𝖭𝖧𝖤𝖱𝖨𝖳𝖠𝖭𝖢𝖤 𝖠𝖭𝖣 𝖵𝖠𝖱𝖨𝖠𝖳𝖨𝖮𝖭𝖲⚙️
🔺 Gregor Mendel → Conducted hybridisation experiments on garden peas
(1856-1863) and proposed the laws of inheritance in living organisms.
🔻 Mendel selected → 14 true breeding plant varieties
🔺 Monohybrid phenotypic ratio → 3 : 1
🔻Genotypic ratio → 1 : 2 :1
🔺 Dihybrid phenotypic ratio → 9 : 3 : 3 : 1
🔻 Dihybrid Genotypic ratio → 1 : 2 : 1 : 2 : 4 : 2 : 1 : 2 : 1
🔺Back cross : F1 hybrid x parent (Dominant /Recessive)
🔻 Test cross : F1 hybrid x parent (Recessive)
🔺 Monohybrid Test cross ratio → 1 : 1
🔻 Dihybrid Test cross ratio → 1 : 1 : 1 : 1
🔺 Codominance ratio → 1 : 2 : 1
🔻 Incomplete dominance ratio → 1 : 2 : 1 (Both phenotype and genotype F2)
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Repost from 𝗡𝗘𝗘𝗧 𝗖𝗛𝗘𝗠𝗜𝗦𝗧𝗥𝗬 𝗤𝗨𝗜𝗭
📚Which of the following example behave as a
lewis acid BF3, SnCl2, SnCl4 : ❓
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🎯𝘾𝙃𝙀𝙈𝙄𝘾𝘼𝙇 𝘽𝙊𝙉𝘿𝙄𝙉𝙂
🔰BrF₅ shape is - Square pyramidal
🔰Bond angle in NH₃ is- 107°
🔰SF₄ most stable shape is - See-saw
🔰Most stable structure of ClF₃ is T-shaped shaped.
🔰Hybridisation in [Ni(CN)₄]²⁻ - dsp²
🔰 Hybridisation in SF₆ - sp³d²
🔰Hybridisation in BrF₅ - sp³d²
🔰 Hybridisation in [CrF₆]³⁻ - d²sp³
🔰Axial bond pairs suffer more repulsive interaction from the equatorial bond pairs. T/F
- True (T)
🔰Intramolecular H bonding is seen in - ortho-nitrophenol
🔰 B₂ is diamagnetic/paramagnetic. Paramagnetic
🔰Angle in sp² hybridisation - 120° (NEET)
🔰Angle is sp³ hybridisation - 109.5° (NEET)
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✅Female Reproductive System
👉Organ Function
👉Ovaries Produce oocyte and sex hormones
👉Oviducts Conduct oocyte; location of fertilization; transport early zygote
👉Uterus (Womb) Houses developing fetus
👉Cervix Contains opening to uterus
👉Vagina serves as birth canal and as the exit for menstrual flow
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🔰ℍ𝕦𝕞𝕒𝕟 ℝ𝕖𝕡𝕣𝕠𝕕𝕦𝕔𝕥𝕚𝕠𝕟🔰
✅Male Reproductive System
👉Organ ▪️Function
👉Testes ▪️ Function Produce sperm and sex hormones
👉Epididymides ▪️ Ducts where sperm mature and are stored
👉 Vasa deferentia ▪️Conduct and also store sperm
👉Seminal vesicles ▪️ Contribute nutrients and fluid to semen
👉Prostate gland ▪️Contributes 25 % fluid to semen
👉Urethra ▪️Conducts sperm
👉Bulbourethral glands ▪️Contribute viscous fluid to semen
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🔰 Important Facts About Human Body 🔰
=========================
🔸 Normal Sperm Count:
➖ 250-400 million/ejaculation
🔸 Menstrual cycle:
➖ 28 days
🔸 Menopause age:
➖ 45-50 years
🔸 Blood clotting time:
➖ 3-5 minutes
🔸 Weight of Brain:
➖ 1300-1400 gm in human adult
🔸 Normal Blood Pressure (B.P.):
➖ 120/80 mm Hg
🔸 Average body weight:
➖ 70 kg
🔸 Normal body temperature:
➖ 37 degree celsius
🔸 Breathing Rate at rest:
➖ 12-16/minute
🔸 Number of Spinal Nerves:
➖ 31 pairs
🔸 Largest Endocrine Gland:
➖ Thyroid gland
🔸 Gestation period:
➖ 40 weeks or 9 calendar months
🔸 Normal Heart Beat at rest:
➖ 72 beats per minute
🔸 Largest Gland:
➖ Liver
🔸 Largest Muscle in the body:
➖ Gluteus Maximus or Buttock Muscle
🔸 Smallest Muscle in the body:
➖ Stapedius
🔸 Largest Artery:
➖ Aorta
🔸 Largest Vein:
➖ Inferior Vena Cava
🔸 Largest and longest Nerve:
➖ Sciatic Nerve
🔸 Longest Cell:
➖ Neurons (nerve cells)
🔸 Minimum distance for proper vision:
➖ 25 cm
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✅𝙋𝙡𝙤𝙞𝙙𝙮 𝙞𝙣 𝙊𝙫𝙪𝙡𝙚
♻️Funicle (Stalk of ovule) →2n
♻️ Hilum (Scar of funcile) →2n
♻️ Chalaza (Basal part of ovule) →2n
♻️ Integuments (Envelope of ovule) →2n
♻️ Nucellus (Central body of ovule) → 2n
♻️ Embryo sac (Female gametophyte) →n
♻️ Egg apparatus → Egg cell (n) Synergids (n)
♻️ Antipodal cells → (n)
♻️ Secondary nucleus (2n) Product of fusion of 2 haploid (n) polar nuclei
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🔰𝕊𝕖𝕩𝕦𝕒𝕝 ℝ𝕖𝕡𝕣𝕠𝕕𝕦𝕔𝕥𝕚𝕠𝕟 𝕚𝕟 𝔽𝕝𝕠𝕨𝕖𝕣𝕚𝕟𝕘 ℙ𝕝𝕒𝕟𝕥𝕤🔰
✅Strobilanthes Kunthiana - Flowers once in 12 years. Last flowered during
September -October 2006
✅ Pollen grain measure about 25-50 micrometres
✅ In over 60 percent of angiosperms, pollen grains are shed at 2-celled stage.
✅ Rice and Wheat pollen grain have viability within 30 minutes of their release
✅ It is possible to store pollen grains of large number of species for years in liquid nitrogen at -196°C
✅ A typical angiosperm embryo sac at maturity through 8 nucleate is 7
celled
✅ Pollination by water is quite rare in flowering plants and it is limited to
about 30 genera.
✅ Tallest flower of Amorphophallus. The flower is about 6 feet in height.
✅ The oldest seed dormancy is of a Lupine, Lupinus arcticus excavated from Arctic Tundra.
✓The seed germinated after 10,000 year of dormancy.
✅ Recent record of 2000 years old viable seed is of the date palm.
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➡️ Practice NCERT Based PYQs 🥶
➡️ DAILY PRACTICE TEST
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Repost from 𝗡𝗘𝗘𝗧 𝗖𝗛𝗘𝗠𝗜𝗦𝗧𝗥𝗬 𝗤𝗨𝗜𝗭
✅Assertion: The ionic size of Mg2+ is larger than Al3+.
✅Reason: In isoelectronic species, greater the nuclear charge, less is the size.
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🔰PW NCERT PUNCH NEW EDITION 🔰
📚Biology
🔶Class-11
🔷Class-12
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👉 CLICK HERE
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➡️ Practice NCERT Based PYQs 🥶
➡️ DAILY PRACTICE TEST
➡️ CHAPTER WISE TEST
➡️ GENERATE OWN MOCK TEST
➡️ ALL INDIA TEST SERIES 2024-25
☄️Link for availing free Subscription
➡️https://topall.page.link/topsh21
➡️https://topall.page.link/topsh21
➡️https://topall.page.link/topsh21
💠 🔤🔤🔤🔤 🔤🔤🔤🔤 💠
Now to Get free subscription ✔️
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IMPORTANT CHARTS OF RESPIRATION IN PLANTS ...✅✅▭▬▭▬▭▬▭▬▭▬▭▬▭▬▭▬▭▬▭▬▭▬▭▬▭▬▭▬▭▬▭▬▭▬▭▬▭▬▭▬▭▬▭▬▭▬▭▬▭▬▭▬▭▬▭▬▭▬▭▬▭
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🔰𝖯𝖱𝖨𝖭𝖢𝖨𝖯𝖫𝖤 𝖮𝖥 𝖨𝖭𝖧𝖤𝖱𝖨𝖳𝖠𝖭𝖢𝖤 𝖠𝖭𝖣 𝖵𝖠𝖱𝖨𝖠𝖳𝖨𝖮𝖭𝖲🔰
🔶 Gregor Mendel → Conducted hybridisation experiments on garden peas
(1856-1863) and proposed the laws of inheritance in living organisms.
🔷 Mendel selected → 14 true breeding plant varieties
🔸 Monohybrid phenotypic ratio → 3 : 1
🔺Genotypic ratio → 1 : 2 :1
🔺 Dihybrid phenotypic ratio → 9 : 3 : 3 : 1
🔺 Dihybrid Genotypic ratio → 1 : 2 : 1 : 2 : 4 : 2 : 1 : 2 : 1
🔺Back cross : F1 hybrid x parent (Dominant /Recessive)
🔺 Test cross : F1 hybrid x parent (Recessive)
🔺 Monohybrid Test cross ratio → 1 : 1
🔺 Dihybrid Test cross ratio → 1 : 1 : 1 : 1
🔺 Codominance ratio → 1 : 2 : 1
▫️ Incomplete dominance ratio → 1 : 2 : 1 (Both phenotype and genotype F2)
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