طَـبيب || الدفعـة 6

Peripheral chemoreceptors When pH or PO2 .........., lead to increase breathing rate

Total lung capacity The maximum volume to which the lungs can be expanded with the greatest possible effort, about.........?

Functional residual capacity The amount of air that remains in the lungs at the end of normal expiration, about ..........?

Tidal volume (TV) The amount of air that moves into the lungs with each inspiration or expiration during quiet breathing, about ..........

Expiratory reserve volume The maximum volume of air that can be expired by forceful expiration after the end of a normal tidal expiration, about ...........

In pneumonia, the gas exchange function of the ................ in different stages of the disease

Inspiratory reserve volume The air inspired with a maximal inspiratory effort in excess of the TV, about ........?

Characterized by spastic contraction of the smooth muscle in the bronchioles, causing extremely difficult breathing, usually caused by contractile hypersensitivity of bronchioles in response to foreign substances

Central chemoreceptors Function to keep PO2 in normal........?

Located in the medulla oblongata and pons of the brain stem, includes the dorsal respiratory group, ventral respiratory group, and pneumotaxic center

Voluntary control of .......... Located in the cerebral cortex, sends impulses to the respiratory motor neurons via the corticospinal tract

Functional residual capacity The amount of air that remains in the lungs at the end of normal expiration, about ........?

Expiratory reserve volume The maximum volume of air that can be ............. by forceful expiration after the end of a normal tidal expiration, about 1100ml

Carbon dioxide transport Dissolved in ............, as bicarbonate ion, combined with hemoglobin and plasma protein

Factors affecting the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen ............ and ...........?

Oxygen transport Dissolved in plasma, combined with .........?

Total lung capacity The maximum volume to which the lungs can be expanded with the greatest possible effort, about .........?

Functional residual capacity The amount of air that remains in the lungs at the end of normal expiration, about ........?

Inspiratory capacity The amount of air (about .........?ml) a person can breathe in, beginning at the normal expiratory level and distending the lungs to the maximum amount

Residual volume The volume of air remaining in the lungs after the most forceful expiration, about 1200ml