ethio grade 9,10,11 and 12 files

#biology 1. Which of the following is not a characteristic of fungi?    A) Photosynthesis    B) Eukaryotic cells    C) Chitin cell walls    D) Heterotrophic nutrition 2. Fungi obtain nutrients through:    A) Absorption    B) Ingestion    C) Photosynthesis    D) Respiration 3. The main body of a fungus is composed of thread-like structures called:    A) Hyphae    B) Mycelium    C) Spores    D) Stolons 4. Fungi reproduce asexually by producing:    A) Spores    B) Gametes    C) Zygotes    D) Budding 5. Mushrooms belong to which group of fungi?    A) Ascomycetes    B) Basidiomycetes    C) Zygomycetes    D) Deuteromycetes 6. Which type of fungi forms symbiotic associations with plant roots?    A) Mycorrhizal fungi    B) Lichen-forming fungi    C) Yeasts    D) Parasitic fungi 7. The process by which a fungus absorbs nutrients from dead organic matter is called:     A ) Decomposition     B ) Fermentation     C ) Photosynthesis     D ) Reproduction 8. Fungi that obtain nutrients from decaying organic matter are called:     A ) Saprophytes     B ) Parasites     C ) Mutualists     D ) Predators 9. Which of the following is an example of a pathogenic fungus in humans?     A ) Candida albicans     B ) Penicillium chrysogenum     C ) Saccharomyces cerevisiae     D ) Aspergillus niger 10. The antibiotic penicillin is produced by which fungus?      A ) Penicillium notatum      B ) Aspergillus flavus      C ) Candida albicans      D ) Saccharomyces cerevisiae 11. Fungal infections in plants are commonly known as:      A ) Rusts       B ) Smuts       C ) Blights       D ) Molds  12. The reproductive structures produced by some fungi for sexual reproduction are called:      A ) Ascocarps       B ) Basidiocarps       C ) Conidiophores       D ) Zygosporangia

Oxidation: Oxidation is a chemical process in which a substance loses electrons, resulting in an increase in its oxidation state. The substance undergoing oxidation is often referred to as the reducing agent, as it causes the oxidation of another substance while getting reduced itself. Oxidation is essential in processes such as the corrosion of metals, the conversion of metal atoms to metal ions, and cellular respiration.Redox Reaction: A redox reaction, short for reduction-oxidation reaction, is a chemical reaction involving the transfer of electrons between reactants. In a redox reaction, one substance undergoes oxidation (loses electrons) while another substance undergoes reduction (gains electrons). Redox reactions play a fundamental role in various chemical and biological processes, including combustion, corrosion, photosynthesis, and cellular respiration. Non-Redox Reaction: A non-redox reaction refers to a chemical reaction that does not involve the transfer of electrons between reactants. In non-redox reactions, the oxidation states of the elements do not change, and there is no exchange of electrons between the reacting species. Non-redox reactions primarily involve rearrangements of atoms and the formation of new chemical bonds without altering the electron distribution among the elements. Reduction: Reduction is a chemical process in which a substance gains electrons, resulting in a decrease in its oxidation state. The substance undergoing reduction is often referred to as the oxidizing agent, as it causes the reduction of another substance while getting oxidized itself. Reduction is essential in various chemical processes, such as the conversion of metal ions to metal atoms and the acceptance of electrons in biological processes. Oxidation: Oxidation is a chemical process in which a substance loses electrons, resulting in an increase in its oxidation state. The substance undergoing oxidation is often referred to as the reducing agent, as it causes the oxidation of another substance while getting reduced itself. Oxidation is essential in processes such as the corrosion of metals, the conversion of metal atoms to metal ions, and cellular respiration.Redox Reaction: A redox reaction, short for reduction-oxidation reaction, is a chemical reaction involving the transfer of electrons between reactants. In a redox reaction, one substance undergoes oxidation (loses electrons) while another substance undergoes reduction (gains electrons). Redox reactions play a fundamental role in various chemical and biological processes, including combustion, corrosion, photosynthesis, and cellular respiration. Non-Redox Reaction: A non-redox reaction refers to a chemical reaction that does not involve the transfer of electrons between reactants. In non-redox reactions, the oxidation states of the elements do not change, and there is no exchange of electrons between the reacting species. Non-redox reactions primarily involve rearrangements of atoms and the formation of new chemical bonds without altering the electron distribution among the elements. Reduction: Reduction is a chemical process in which a substance gains electrons, resulting in a decrease in its oxidation state. The substance undergoing reduction is often referred to as the oxidizing agent, as it causes the reduction of another substance while getting oxidized itself. Reduction is essential in various chemical processes, such as the conversion of metal ions to metal atoms and the acceptance of electrons in biological processes.

Oxidation: Oxidation is a chemical process in which a substance loses electrons, resulting in an increase in its oxidation state. The substance undergoing oxidation is often referred to as the reducing agent, as it causes the oxidation of another substance while getting reduced itself. Oxidation is essential in processes such as the corrosion of metals, the conversion of metal atoms to metal ions, and cellular respiration.Redox Reaction: A redox reaction, short for reduction-oxidation reaction, is a chemical reaction involving the transfer of electrons between reactants. In a redox reaction, one substance undergoes oxidation (loses electrons) while another substance undergoes reduction (gains electrons). Redox reactions play a fundamental role in various chemical and biological processes, including combustion, corrosion, photosynthesis, and cellular respiration. Non-Redox Reaction: A non-redox reaction refers to a chemical reaction that does not involve the transfer of electrons between reactants. In non-redox reactions, the oxidation states of the elements do not change, and there is no exchange of electrons between the reacting species. Non-redox reactions primarily involve rearrangements of atoms and the formation of new chemical bonds without altering the electron distribution among the elements. Reduction: Reduction is a chemical process in which a substance gains electrons, resulting in a decrease in its oxidation state. The substance undergoing reduction is often referred to as the oxidizing agent, as it causes the reduction of another substance while getting oxidized itself. Reduction is essential in various chemical processes, such as the conversion of metal ions to metal atoms and the acceptance of electrons in biological processes. Oxidation: Oxidation is a chemical process in which a substance loses electrons, resulting in an increase in its oxidation state. The substance undergoing oxidation is often referred to as the reducing agent, as it causes the oxidation of another substance while getting reduced itself. Oxidation is essential in processes such as the corrosion of metals, the conversion of metal atoms to metal ions, and cellular respiration.

Non-Redox Reaction: A non-redox reaction refers to a chemical reaction that does not involve the transfer of electrons between reactants. In non-redox reactions, the oxidation states of the elements do not change, and there is no exchange of electrons between the reacting species. Non-redox reactions primarily involve rearrangements of atoms and the formation of new chemical bonds without altering the electron distribution among the elements. Reduction: Reduction is a chemical process in which a substance gains electrons, resulting in a decrease in its oxidation state. The substance undergoing reduction is often referred to as the oxidizing agent, as it causes the reduction of another substance while getting oxidized itself. Reduction is essential in various chemical processes, such as the conversion of metal ions to metal atoms and the acceptance of electrons in biological processes. Oxidation: Oxidation is a chemical process in which a substance loses electrons, resulting in an increase in its oxidation state. The substance undergoing oxidation is often referred to as the reducing agent, as it causes the oxidation of another substance while getting reduced itself. Oxidation is essential in processes such as the corrosion of metals, the conversion of metal atoms to metal ions, and cellular respiration.Redox Reaction: A redox reaction, short for reduction-oxidation reaction, is a chemical reaction involving the transfer of electrons between reactants. In a redox reaction, one substance undergoes oxidation (loses electrons) while another substance undergoes reduction (gains electrons). Redox reactions play a fundamental role in various chemical and biological processes, including combustion, corrosion, photosynthesis, and cellular respiration. Non-Redox Reaction: A non-redox reaction refers to a chemical reaction that does not involve the transfer of electrons between reactants. In non-redox reactions, the oxidation states of the elements do not change, and there is no exchange of electrons between the reacting species. Non-redox reactions primarily involve rearrangements of atoms and the formation of new chemical bonds without altering the electron distribution among the elements. Reduction: Reduction is a chemical process in which a substance gains electrons, resulting in a decrease in its oxidation state. The substance undergoing reduction is often referred to as the oxidizing agent, as it causes the reduction of another substance while getting oxidized itself. Reduction is essential in various chemical processes, such as the conversion of metal ions to metal atoms and the acceptance of electrons in biological processes. Oxidation: Oxidation is a chemical process in which a substance loses electrons, resulting in an increase in its oxidation state. The substance undergoing oxidation is often referred to as the reducing agent, as it causes the oxidation of another substance while getting reduced itself. Oxidation is essential in processes such as the corrosion of metals, the conversion of metal atoms to metal ions, and cellular respiration.Redox Reaction: A redox reaction, short for reduction-oxidation reaction, is a chemical reaction involving the transfer of electrons between reactants. In a redox reaction, one substance undergoes oxidation (loses electrons) while another substance undergoes reduction (gains electrons). Redox reactions play a fundamental role in various chemical and biological processes, including combustion, corrosion, photosynthesis, and cellular respiration. Non-Redox Reaction: A non-redox reaction refers to a chemical reaction that does not involve the transfer of electrons between reactants. In non-redox reactions, the oxidation states of the elements do not change, and there is no exchange of electrons between the reacting species. Non-redox reactions primarily involve rearrangements of atoms and the formation of new chemical bonds without altering the electron distribution among the elements.

Reduction: Reduction is a chemical process in which a substance gains electrons, resulting in a decrease in its oxidation state. The substance undergoing reduction is often referred to as the oxidizing agent, as it causes the reduction of another substance while getting oxidized itself. Reduction is essential in various chemical processes, such as the conversion of metal ions to metal atoms and the acceptance of electrons in biological processes. Oxidation: Oxidation is a chemical process in which a substance loses electrons, resulting in an increase in its oxidation state. The substance undergoing oxidation is often referred to as the reducing agent, as it causes the oxidation of another substance while getting reduced itself. Oxidation is essential in processes such as the corrosion of metals, the conversion of metal atoms to metal ions, and cellular respiration.Redox Reaction: A redox reaction, short for reduction-oxidation reaction, is a chemical reaction involving the transfer of electrons between reactants. In a redox reaction, one substance undergoes oxidation (loses electrons) while another substance undergoes reduction (gains electrons). Redox reactions play a fundamental role in various chemical and biological processes, including combustion, corrosion, photosynthesis, and cellular respiration. Non-Redox Reaction: A non-redox reaction refers to a chemical reaction that does not involve the transfer of electrons between reactants. In non-redox reactions, the oxidation states of the elements do not change, and there is no exchange of electrons between the reacting species. Non-redox reactions primarily involve rearrangements of atoms and the formation of new chemical bonds without altering the electron distribution among the elements. Reduction: Reduction is a chemical process in which a substance gains electrons, resulting in a decrease in its oxidation state. The substance undergoing reduction is often referred to as the oxidizing agent, as it causes the reduction of another substance while getting oxidized itself. Reduction is essential in various chemical processes, such as the conversion of metal ions to metal atoms and the acceptance of electrons in biological processes. Oxidation: Oxidation is a chemical process in which a substance loses electrons, resulting in an increase in its oxidation state. The substance undergoing oxidation is often referred to as the reducing agent, as it causes the oxidation of another substance while getting reduced itself. Oxidation is essential in processes such as the corrosion of metals, the conversion of metal atoms to metal ions, and cellular respiration.Redox Reaction: A redox reaction, short for reduction-oxidation reaction, is a chemical reaction involving the transfer of electrons between reactants. In a redox reaction, one substance undergoes oxidation (loses electrons) while another substance undergoes reduction (gains electrons). Redox reactions play a fundamental role in various chemical and biological processes, including combustion, corrosion, photosynthesis, and cellular respiration. Non-Redox Reaction: A non-redox reaction refers to a chemical reaction that does not involve the transfer of electrons between reactants. In non-redox reactions, the oxidation states of the elements do not change, and there is no exchange of electrons between the reacting species. Non-redox reactions primarily involve rearrangements of atoms and the formation of new chemical bonds without altering the electron distribution among the elements. Reduction: Reduction is a chemical process in which a substance gains electrons, resulting in a decrease in its oxidation state. The substance undergoing reduction is often referred to as the oxidizing agent, as it causes the reduction of another substance while getting oxidized itself. Reduction is essential in various chemical processes, such as the conversion of metal ions to metal atoms and the acceptance of electrons in biological processes.

Oxidation: Oxidation is a chemical process in which a substance loses electrons, resulting in an increase in its oxidation state. The substance undergoing oxidation is often referred to as the reducing agent, as it causes the oxidation of another substance while getting reduced itself. Oxidation is essential in processes such as the corrosion of metals, the conversion of metal atoms to metal ions, and cellular respiration.Redox Reaction: A redox reaction, short for reduction-oxidation reaction, is a chemical reaction involving the transfer of electrons between reactants. In a redox reaction, one substance undergoes oxidation (loses electrons) while another substance undergoes reduction (gains electrons). Redox reactions play a fundamental role in various chemical and biological processes, including combustion, corrosion, photosynthesis, and cellular respiration. Non-Redox Reaction: A non-redox reaction refers to a chemical reaction that does not involve the transfer of electrons between reactants. In non-redox reactions, the oxidation states of the elements do not change, and there is no exchange of electrons between the reacting species. Non-redox reactions primarily involve rearrangements of atoms and the formation of new chemical bonds without altering the electron distribution among the elements. Reduction: Reduction is a chemical process in which a substance gains electrons, resulting in a decrease in its oxidation state. The substance undergoing reduction is often referred to as the oxidizing agent, as it causes the reduction of another substance while getting oxidized itself. Reduction is essential in various chemical processes, such as the conversion of metal ions to metal atoms and the acceptance of electrons in biological processes. Oxidation: Oxidation is a chemical process in which a substance loses electrons, resulting in an increase in its oxidation state. The substance undergoing oxidation is often referred to as the reducing agent, as it causes the oxidation of another substance while getting reduced itself. Oxidation is essential in processes such as the corrosion of metals, the conversion of metal atoms to metal ions, and cellular respiration.Redox Reaction: A redox reaction, short for reduction-oxidation reaction, is a chemical reaction involving the transfer of electrons between reactants. In a redox reaction, one substance undergoes oxidation (loses electrons) while another substance undergoes reduction (gains electrons). Redox reactions play a fundamental role in various chemical and biological processes, including combustion, corrosion, photosynthesis, and cellular respiration. Non-Redox Reaction: A non-redox reaction refers to a chemical reaction that does not involve the transfer of electrons between reactants. In non-redox reactions, the oxidation states of the elements do not change, and there is no exchange of electrons between the reacting species. Non-redox reactions primarily involve rearrangements of atoms and the formation of new chemical bonds without altering the electron distribution among the elements. Reduction: Reduction is a chemical process in which a substance gains electrons, resulting in a decrease in its oxidation state. The substance undergoing reduction is often referred to as the oxidizing agent, as it causes the reduction of another substance while getting oxidized itself. Reduction is essential in various chemical processes, such as the conversion of metal ions to metal atoms and the acceptance of electrons in biological processes.

Redox Reaction: A redox reaction, short for reduction-oxidation reaction, is a chemical reaction involving the transfer of electrons between reactants. In a redox reaction, one substance undergoes oxidation (loses electrons) while another substance undergoes reduction (gains electrons). Redox reactions play a fundamental role in various chemical and biological processes, including combustion, corrosion, photosynthesis, and cellular respiration. Non-Redox Reaction: A non-redox reaction refers to a chemical reaction that does not involve the transfer of electrons between reactants. In non-redox reactions, the oxidation states of the elements do not change, and there is no exchange of electrons between the reacting species. Non-redox reactions primarily involve rearrangements of atoms and the formation of new chemical bonds without altering the electron distribution among the elements. Reduction: Reduction is a chemical process in which a substance gains electrons, resulting in a decrease in its oxidation state. The substance undergoing reduction is often referred to as the oxidizing agent, as it causes the reduction of another substance while getting oxidized itself. Reduction is essential in various chemical processes, such as the conversion of metal ions to metal atoms and the acceptance of electrons in biological processes. Oxidation: Oxidation is a chemical process in which a substance loses electrons, resulting in an increase in its oxidation state. The substance undergoing oxidation is often referred to as the reducing agent, as it causes the oxidation of another substance while getting reduced itself. Oxidation is essential in processes such as the corrosion of metals, the conversion of metal atoms to metal ions, and cellular respiration.Redox Reaction: A redox reaction, short for reduction-oxidation reaction, is a chemical reaction involving the transfer of electrons between reactants. In a redox reaction, one substance undergoes oxidation (loses electrons) while another substance undergoes reduction (gains electrons). Redox reactions play a fundamental role in various chemical and biological processes, including combustion, corrosion, photosynthesis, and cellular respiration. Non-Redox Reaction: A non-redox reaction refers to a chemical reaction that does not involve the transfer of electrons between reactants. In non-redox reactions, the oxidation states of the elements do not change, and there is no exchange of electrons between the reacting species. Non-redox reactions primarily involve rearrangements of atoms and the formation of new chemical bonds without altering the electron distribution among the elements. Reduction: Reduction is a chemical process in which a substance gains electrons, resulting in a decrease in its oxidation state. The substance undergoing reduction is often referred to as the oxidizing agent, as it causes the reduction of another substance while getting oxidized itself. Reduction is essential in various chemical processes, such as the conversion of metal ions to metal atoms and the acceptance of electrons in biological processes. Oxidation: Oxidation is a chemical process in which a substance loses electrons, resulting in an increase in its oxidation state. The substance undergoing oxidation is often referred to as the reducing agent, as it causes the oxidation of another substance while getting reduced itself. Oxidation is essential in processes such as the corrosion of metals, the conversion of metal atoms to metal ions, and cellular respiration.Redox Reaction: A redox reaction, short for reduction-oxidation reaction, is a chemical reaction involving the transfer of electrons between reactants. In a redox reaction, one substance undergoes oxidation (loses electrons) while another substance undergoes reduction (gains electrons). Redox reactions play a fundamental role in various chemical and biological processes, including combustion, corrosion, photosynthesis, and cellular respiration.

We have a few different future tenses in English, and you might sometimes get confused about how and when to use them all. In general, we have five different structures to talk about the future in English: The Present Continuous Be going to The Future Simple – Will The Future Continuous The Future Perfect But how do you know when to use which one? I mean, we have three different ways to talk about future plans! So it makes sense if you mix them up sometimes! That’s why we’re going to break down all the future tenses today, and talk about the differences between all of them.  The main differences we’ll explore are how we: Use the present continuous for arrangements and fixed plans Use be going to for talking about an intention or general  plan Use will, the future simple, for talking about a spontaneous decision Use the future continuous for things we will be doing at a specific time Use the future perfect for things we will have done at a specific time Of course, you know English is a sneaky language, and there are a few more differences and uses for each of these as well. But don’t worry! We’ll be exploring those, too. So, let’s get started! Talking About the Future in English 1. The Present Continuous for Plans We can use the present continuous with a time in the future when we want to talk about plans that we’ve already made.  We often add a future time marker so that it’s clear that we’re talking about the future. Examples I’m meeting him at five tomorrow. He’s making lasagna for dinner tonight. They’re leaving town next weekend. Sometimes the future is already implied, in this case we don’t need to add a future time marker.  Examples Are you coming to the concert? She’s just going to the washroom. She’ll be back in a minute. Commands and refusals When we want to insist that people do or not do things, we can use the present continuous. Examples He’s not wearing that shirt to school! I’m sorry – you’re not borrowing my bike. We can also use this when someone invites us to do something, and we have to say no because of our plans. Examples Question: Do you want to hang out tonight?  Answer: (I can’t.) I’m meeting with my English teacher tonight. Question: We’re seeing that new movie tonight. Wanna come? Answer: I’m helping my mom clean her house. 2. Be going to We can also use going to to talk about future plans. But there’s a slight difference between going to and the present continuous tense. Talking about an intention or general plan The main difference between going to and the present continuous  is: have you made a specific arrangement yet? So, we can use the present continuous when we have plans that we’ve already arranged. We don’t use it if we haven’t made a definite arrangement yet. But we use going to when we have already made the decision or have the intention to do something, but we might not have made the plans or arrangements yet. Compare Who’s cooking dinner? (emphasis is on plans already arranged) Who’s going to cook dinner? (No plans yet/asking for a decision) She’s really going to stop talking to him. (emphasis is on the intention) Making a prediction based on evidence We can also use going to when we predict what is going to happen based on evidence that we have right now. We don’t use the present continuous in this context. Examples The sky looks dark. It’s going to rain soon. The sky looks dark. It’s raining soon. You look pale. I think you’re going to be sick. We often use going to when something is about to happen right now, especially if the situation is dangerous. In this case, we often use the more informal gonna instead of going to. Examples The ladder’s shaking. He’s gonna fall! Your shoelaces are untied. You’re gonna trip! You should also read 5 Simple Grammar Changes for More Natural English to see how you can use these and other tenses to sound more fluent in English.

We have a few different future tenses in English, and you might sometimes get confused about how and when to use them all. In general, we have five different structures to talk about the future in English: The Present Continuous Be going to The Future Simple – Will The Future Continuous The Future Perfect But how do you know when to use which one? I mean, we have three different ways to talk about future plans! So it makes sense if you mix them up sometimes! That’s why we’re going to break down all the future tenses today, and talk about the differences between all of them.  The main differences we’ll explore are how we: Use the present continuous for arrangements and fixed plans Use be going to for talking about an intention or general  plan Use will, the future simple, for talking about a spontaneous decision Use the future continuous for things we will be doing at a specific time Use the future perfect for things we will have done at a specific time Of course, you know English is a sneaky language, and there are a few more differences and uses for each of these as well. But don’t worry! We’ll be exploring those, too. So, let’s get started! Talking About the Future in English 1. The Present Continuous for Plans We can use the present continuous with a time in the future when we want to talk about plans that we’ve already made.  We often add a future time marker so that it’s clear that we’re talking about the future. Examples I’m meeting him at five tomorrow. He’s making lasagna for dinner tonight. They’re leaving town next weekend. Sometimes the future is already implied, in this case we don’t need to add a future time marker.  Examples Are you coming to the concert? She’s just going to the washroom. She’ll be back in a minute. Commands and refusals When we want to insist that people do or not do things, we can use the present continuous. Examples He’s not wearing that shirt to school! I’m sorry – you’re not borrowing my bike. We can also use this when someone invites us to do something, and we have to say no because of our plans. Examples Question: Do you want to hang out tonight?  Answer: (I can’t.) I’m meeting with my English teacher tonight. Question: We’re seeing that new movie tonight. Wanna come? Answer: I’m helping my mom clean her house. 2. Be going to We can also use going to to talk about future plans. But there’s a slight difference between going to and the present continuous tense. Talking about an intention or general plan The main difference between going to and the present continuous  is: have you made a specific arrangement yet? So, we can use the present continuous when we have plans that we’ve already arranged. We don’t use it if we haven’t made a definite arrangement yet. But we use going to when we have already made the decision or have the intention to do something, but we might not have made the plans or arrangements yet. Compare Who’s cooking dinner? (emphasis is on plans already arranged) Who’s going to cook dinner? (No plans yet/asking for a decision) She’s really going to stop talking to him. (emphasis is on the intention) Making a prediction based on evidence We can also use going to when we predict what is going to happen based on evidence that we have right now. We don’t use the present continuous in this context. Examples The sky looks dark. It’s going to rain soon. The sky looks dark. It’s raining soon. You look pale. I think you’re going to be sick. We often use going to when something is about to happen right now, especially if the situation is dangerous. In this case, we often use the more informal gonna instead of going to. Examples The ladder’s shaking. He’s gonna fall! Your shoelaces are untied. You’re gonna trip! You should also read 5 Simple Grammar Changes for More Natural English to see how you can use these and other tenses to sound more fluent in English.

1. Carbohydrates are the main source of energy for living organisms. Which of the following is true about carbohydrates? a) They consist of monosaccharides b) They are made up of nucleotides c) They are lipids d) They contribute to muscle contraction Answer: a) They consist of monosaccharides 2. Which of the following is not a type of carbohydrate? a) Starch b) Sucrose c) Protein d) Cellulose Answer: c) Protein 3. Which of the following is a complex carbohydrate? a) Glucose b) Fructose c) Galactose d) Glycogen Answer: d) Glycogen 4. Carbohydrates are responsible for structural support in plants. Which carbohydrate is found in plant cell walls? a) Glucose b) Sucrose c) Cellulose d) Lactose Answer: c) Cellulose 5. Which of the following is true about simple sugars? a) They are called monosaccharides b) They are insoluble in water c) They cannot be broken down by living organisms d) They are only found in animal cells Answer: a) They are called monosaccharides 6. The process by which plants convert sunlight into glucose is called: a) Glycogenolysis b) Glycolysis c) Photosynthesis d) Respiration Answer: c) Photosynthesis 7. Which carbohydrate is found in milk? a) Cellobiose b) Glucose c) Lactose d) Maltose Answer: c) Lactose 8. What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the body? a) Providing long-term energy storage b) Facilitating nerve transmission c) Promoting muscle growth d) Regulating body temperature Answer: a) Providing long-term energy storage 9. Which of the following is the most abundant carbohydrate on Earth? a) Galactose b) Glucose c) Fructose d) Cellulose Answer: d) Cellulose 10. Which of the following is a disaccharide? a) Glucose b) Fructose c) Maltose d) Galactose Answer: c) Maltose