MAINS DECODER

Source: Indian Express Edible Oil Production and Imports in Million Tonnes (MT) 2022-23 Domestic Prod.: 10.3 MT Imports: 16.5 MT Total Consumption: 26.8 MT Imports = 16.5/26.8 = 61.5% India is importing more than 60% of the edible oil which could pose a challenge for self sufficiency.

Why in News 📰: Air India ✈️️ acquire it's first Airbus A 350 -900 via financial lease through GIFT IFSC. A Financial Lease is an agreement whereby the lessor conveys to the lessee in return for a payment or series of payments the right to use an asset for an agreed period of time. Basically, the lessor takes the asset on behalf of the lessee and gets compensated by the rental payments that are paid by the lessee during the days of the lease. The ownership of the asset is with the lessor, but the lessee gets exclusive right to use the asset in the way desired. For accounting purposes, the lease provides the lessee with economic characters of ownership of the asset. Lessor = Leasing Company = Finance Company = HSBC Unit registered in IFSC which is a deemed foreign entity Lessee = Air India Fleet Services Ltd. Asset = Airbus A350-900 aircraft How a Finance Lease Works? A finance lease is essentially a commercial rental agreement where the following steps take place: First: Lessee selects an asset that they require for a business. Second: Lessor, generally a finance company, purchases the asset. Third: The lessor and lessee enter into a legal Agreement in which the lessee gets the right to use asset during the agreed upon lease. Fourth: The lessee makes regular payments for the use of the asset. Fifth: The lessor recovers the cost of the asset plus interest. And lastly at the end of the lease agreement, the lessee has the option to acquire ownership of the asset. Financial Lease is a kind of debt instrument and comes under External Commercial Borrowing (ECB). So, basically Air India Fleet Services Ltd. has taken ECB from HSBC Unit registered in IFSC which is a deemed foreign entity

Aditya L-1 Mission (ISRO): 1. Aditya L1 shall be the first space based Indian mission to study the Sun. 2. The spacecraft shall be placed in a halo orbit around the Lagrange point 1 (L1) of the Sun-Earth system, which is about 1.5 million km from the Earth. 3. A satellite placed in the halo orbit around the L1 point has the major advantage of continuously viewing the Sun without any occultation/eclipses. 4. This will provide a greater advantage of observing the solar activities and its effect on space weather in real time. 5. The spacecraft carries seven payloads to observe the photosphere, chromosphere and the outermost layers of the Sun (the corona) using electromagnetic and particle and magnetic field detectors. Seven Payloads and their capabilities: A. Remote Sensing Payloads: 1. Visible Emission Line Coronagraph (VELC): Corona/Imaging & Spectroscopy. 2. Solar Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (SUIT): Photosphere and Chromosphere Imaging. 3. Solar Low Energy X-ray Spectrometer (SoLEXS): Sun as a star observation. 4. High Energy L1 Orbiting X-ray Spectrometer (HEL1OS): Sun as a star observation. B. In-Situ Payloads: 1. Aditya Solar Wind Particle Experiment (ASPEX): Solar wind/Particle Analyze Protons & Heavier ions with directions. 2. Plasma Analyze Package for Aditya (PAPA): Solar wind/Particle Analyze Protons & Heavier ions with directions. 3. Advanced Tri-axial High Resolution Digital Magnetometers: In-situ magnetic fields.

Hi Chanda Mama 🌝 , finally we meet! Chandrayaan-3 lands on the Moon! Congratulations to all. JAI HIND 🇮🇳🇮🇳

#Species in News In News: Himalayan Vulture (Endangered by IUCN Status) bred in captivity for first time in Assam State Zoo, Assam. About Vultures: Vultures play a key role as nature's scavengers, keeping the environment clean. Various Species of Vultures & their status in IUCN: 1. Oriental White-backed Vulture- Critically Endangered. 2. Slender-billed Vulture-Critically Endangered. 3. Long-billed Vulture-Critically Endangered. 4. Red-Headed Vulture-Critically Endangered. 5. Egyptian Vulture-Endangered. 6. Indian Griffon Vulture-Least Concerned. 7. Himalayan Griffon-Near Threatened. 8. Cinereous Vulture-Near Threaten species

When women prosper, the world prospers. Their economic empowerment fuels growth. Their access to education drives global progress. Their leadership fosters inclusivity. And, their voices inspire positive change. The most effective way to empower women is through a women-led development approach”. PM @narendramodi