BPSC 72nd 73rd prelims

Anmol Vachan ki taraf se aap sabhi ko Chhath Mahaparv ki hardik shubhkamnayein! 🙏🌅 Chhathi Maiya aapke jeevan mein sukh, shanti aur khushhali lekar aayein. Jai Chhathi Maiya🙏

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🟢 Unveiled by Bengaluru-based startup Pranos Fusion. 🟢 A compact, low-aspect-ratio tokamak designed for experimental plasma research. 🟢 Tokamak: Uses magnetic fields to confine hot plasma inside a ring-shaped vacuum chamber. 🟢 Plasma: Fourth state of matter, consisting of charged particles. 🟢 Not designed for commercial electricity generation; serves as a fusion technology testbed. 🟢 Built in approximately eight months; planned operation for nearly two decades. 🟢 Target: 10–12 experimental shots daily (around 3,000 annually). 🟢 Achieved its first plasma on 3 September 2026, reaching temperatures up to 10,000°C. 🔆 MISCELLANEOUS 📍 Public Service Broadcasting Day 🟢 Observed annually on: 12 November; also called Jan Prasaran Divas. 🟢 Commemorates Mahatma Gandhi’s first and only visit to Broadcasting House, New Delhi, on 12 November 1947. 🟢 Officially recognised in 2000 by then Information and Broadcasting Minister Sushma Swaraj. 🟢 Promotes Gandhian ideals through public broadcasting. 📍 Booker Prize, 2026 🟢 Prestigious literary award for the best full-length English novel published in the UK or Ireland. 🟢 Prize: £50,000 for the winner; £2,500 for each shortlisted author. 🟢 2026 winner (as provided): M. John Harrison for The End of Everything. 🟢 Reported significance: At 81, became the oldest winner; the novel was the first science-fiction work to win the award. 📍 Indian-Born Booker Prize Winners 🟢 Salman Rushdie (1981): Midnight’s Children. 🟢 Arundhati Roy (1997): The God of Small Things. 🟢 Kiran Desai (2006): The Inheritance of Loss #CurrentAffairs

🔆 ONE-LINERS | 09 NOVEMBER 2026 🔆 HISTORY, ART & CULTURE 📍 100 Drums Wangala Festival 🟢 Meghalaya’s Garo harvest festival, celebrated from 11–14 November 2026. 🟢 Honours the Sun God Misi Saljong for a good harvest. 🟢 Venue: Garo Heritage Village, Chibragre, near Tura, West Garo Hills. 🟢 Performers play traditional oval-shaped drums called Dama, accompanied by Garo dances. 🟢 Rituals: Ragula (first day) and Kakkat (second day). 🟢 2026 marks its Golden Jubilee, featuring a performance with 1,000 traditional drums. 🟢 Significance: Preserves Garo traditions and cultural identity. 🔆 POLITY 📍 Rationalisation of Indian Visa Categories 🟢 Government reduced main visa categories from 13 to 9 and sub-categories from 49 to 23. 🟢 Aim: Simplify visa procedures and facilitate foreign travel to India. 🟢 Previous reform (October 2025): Main categories reduced from 22 to 13. 🟢 E-visas available to nationals of 172 countries under 13 sub-categories. 🟢 New framework expected to become fully operational by December 2026-end. 🔆 GOVERNANCE 📍 Yuge Yugeen Bharat Museum (YYBM) 🟢 Approved by the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs. 🟢 Location: Historic North and South Blocks, Raisina Hill, New Delhi. 🟢 Announced by the Prime Minister on 18 May 2023. 🟢 Total area: Over 1.8 lakh sq. metres; display area exceeds 1 lakh sq. metres. 🟢 Intended to become the world’s largest museum and eventually replace the National Museum. 🟢 Development timeline: FY 2026–27 to FY 2030–31. 🟢 First gallery, themed Adornment, scheduled to open in 2027. 🟢 Will showcase 5,000–10,000 years of India’s civilisation using immersive technologies. 📍 India’s First AI Police Station 🟢 Panjagutta Police Station, Hyderabad, is developing India’s first AI-powered police station. 🟢 Pilot launch expected in December 2026. 🟢 AI will assist in drafting FIRs, case diaries and investigation reports. 🟢 ‘Sethu’ Kiosk: Accepts complaints in around 10 languages. 🟢 Predictive policing will analyse crime patterns, traffic and local establishments to optimise deployment of Blue Colts. 🔆 ENVIRONMENT 📍 World’s Largest Artificial Reef – SS United States 🟢 Historic ship SS United States deliberately sunk in the Gulf of Mexico to create an artificial reef. 🟢 Location: Around 25 miles southwest of Destin, Florida. 🟢 Length: 990 feet, approximately 102 feet longer than the previous record holder. 🟢 Project funded by Okaloosa County. 🟢 Steel hull is expected to attract sponges, barnacles and corals, supporting marine food chains and fish populations. 📍 Royal Bengal Tiger – Debrigarh Wildlife Sanctuary 🟢 A Royal Bengal Tiger was sighted in Debrigarh Wildlife Sanctuary, Odisha. 🟢 Scientific name: Panthera tigris tigris. 🟢 India’s National Animal since 1972; India hosts around 70% of the global tiger population. 🟢 Tiger population in India: 3,682 (2022); annual growth rate 6.1%. 🟢 Top tiger state: Madhya Pradesh (785), followed by Karnataka, Uttarakhand, Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu. 🟢 Conservation status: • IUCN: Endangered. • Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972: Schedule I. • CITES: Appendix I. 📍 Debrigarh Wildlife Sanctuary 🟢 Location: Bargarh and Sambalpur districts, Odisha. 🟢 Area: Approximately 353 sq. km; situated along Hirakud Reservoir. 🟢 Fauna: Gaur, leopard, sloth bear, chital and sambar. 🟢 Designated as an Important Bird Area (IBA) and Ramsar Wetland Site. 🟢 Records over 234 bird species. 🔆 SECURITY 📍 Exercise KOALICJA 🟢 Multinational military exercise conducted in Poland, near Nowa Dęba. 🟢 Jointly led by UK and France under the Multinational Force-Ukraine (MNF-U). 🟢 Tests coordination, deployment and protection of a multinational force in a possible post-war Ukraine scenario. 🟢 Participation: Approximately 2,800–5,000 personnel from 11 nations, alongside Ukrainian troops. 🟢 Activities include ground manoeuvres in Poland, simulated air defence in Romania and naval mine-clearance exercises in the Black Sea. 🔆 SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 📍 PRAGYA – India’s First Privately Developed Tokamak

8th November UPSC current affairs #currentaffairs #prelims Join https://t.me/upsc_prelims_2027_28

7th November UPSC current affairs #currentaffairs #prelims Join https://t.me/upsc_prelims_2027_28

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🔆 SECURITY 📍 RAHAT MITRA Exercise 🟢 A bilateral Tri-Services Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR) exercise. 🟢 Venue: Chennai, Tamil Nadu. 🟢 Duration: 5–6 November 2026 (two days). 🟢 Participating countries: India and Myanmar. 🟢 Indian participants: Indian Army, Indian Navy and Indian Air Force. 🟢 Myanmar participants: Myanmar Defence Forces delegation. 🟢 Major activities: • Joint planning and familiarisation. • Multi-domain HADR operations. 🟢 Objectives: Enhance operational interoperability, strengthen joint disaster-response capabilities, exchange best practices and improve coordination in disaster-response operations. 📍 INS AMINI 🟢 Indian Navy received Amini, an indigenously designed and built Anti-Submarine Warfare Shallow Water Craft (ASW SWC), on 5 November 2026. 🟢 Builder: Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers (GRSE), Kolkata. 🟢 Indigenous content: More than 80%. 🟢 Designed and constructed according to the classification rules of the Indian Register of Shipping (IRS). 🟢 Propulsion: Waterjet propulsion; among the largest Indian naval warships powered by waterjets. 🟢 Weapons & Operational Capabilities: • Lightweight torpedoes to engage underwater threats, particularly enemy submarines. • Indigenous rocket launchers for anti-submarine operations. • Sonars to detect and track underwater objects using sound waves. • Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW). • Coastal surveillance and mine-laying operations. • Detection and engagement of underwater threats in shallow waters. 🟢 Name and Historical Significance: • Named after Amini Island, in the Union Territory of Lakshadweep. • Continues the legacy of the erstwhile INS Amini, a Petya III-class Anti-Submarine Warfare Corvette. • Earlier INS Amini was decommissioned in 2002. 📍 IAF IL-76MD – World’s Highest-Altitude Landing at Nyoma, Ladakh 🟢 Indian Air Force successfully landed its IL-76MD heavy-lift transport aircraft at Mudh-Nyoma Airbase, Ladakh. 🟢 Reported as the highest-altitude landing ever achieved by an IL-76MD aircraft anywhere in the world. 🟢 Aircraft: Ilyushin IL-76MD. 🟢 Operator: Indian Air Force (IAF). 🟢 Origin: Soviet Union (Russian-designed aircraft). 🟢 Landing altitude: 13,629 feet (approximately 4,154 metres). 🟢 Airbase: Mudh-Nyoma, Ladakh. 🟢 Runway length: Approximately 2.7 km. 🟢 Strategic location: Around 23 km from the Line of Actual Control (LAC) with China. 🟢 Operational capability: Supports fighter aircraft, transport aircraft and helicopters. 📍 IL-76MD Aircraft 🟢 Designed by the Soviet Union’s Ilyushin Design Bureau. 🟢 Strategic military transport aircraft designed for: • Heavy cargo transportation. • Troop deployment. • Military logistics and equipment transportation. • Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR). 🟢 Capable of operating in challenging environmental conditions. 📍 Exercise NASEEM AL BAHR (Sea Breeze), 2026 🟢 INS Surat reached Muscat, Oman, on 8 November 2026 to participate in the exercise, followed by a Coordinated Patrol (CORPAT). 🟢 Bilateral maritime naval exercise between India and Oman. 🟢 Edition: 15th. 🟢 Venue: Muscat, Oman and adjoining maritime areas. 🟢 Indian Navy: INS Surat. 🟢 Oman Navy: Vessel Al-Mu’azzar. 🟢 Major activities: • Harbour Phase. • Sea Phase. • Coordinated Patrol (CORPAT). 🟢 Objectives: Enhance operational interoperability, strengthen maritime security and professional cooperation, exchange operational experiences and promote regional maritime stability. 🔆 INDEX 📍 Global Innovation Index (GII) 🟢 Released by: World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). 🟢 First published in: 2007. 🟢 Edition: 19th. 🟢 Coverage: 139 economies. 🟢 Comprises approximately 80 indicators, organised into two equally weighted sub-indices: • Innovation Input Sub-Index • Innovation Output Sub-Index 🟢 Purpose: Evaluate innovation performance, analyse innovation ecosystems and identify prominent innovation clusters. 🟢 Significance: Used by governments and international organisations to inform science, technology and innovation policy development. #CurrentAffairs

🔆 ONE-LINERS | 08 NOVEMBER 2026 🔆 HISTORY, ART & CULTURE 📍 National Education Day 🟢 Celebrated annually on: 11 November. 🟢 First observed in: 2008, following the declaration by the Ministry of Human Resource Development (now Ministry of Education). 🟢 Commemorates the birth anniversary of Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, India’s first Education Minister (1947–1958). 📍 Maulana Abul Kalam Azad 🟢 Born on 11 November 1888 in Mecca (Saudi Arabia); originally named Feroze Bakht. 🟢 Education: Studied Islamic theology and philosophy; further enriched his knowledge at Al-Azhar University, Cairo. 🟢 Role in the Freedom Movement: • Opposed the Partition of Bengal (1905) and advocated Hindu-Muslim unity. • Launched the Urdu journal Al-Hilal (1912) to promote nationalism and oppose British colonial rule. • Participated in the Khilafat Movement and supported the Indian freedom struggle. • Opposed the Partition of India (1947). 🔆 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS & ISSUES 📍 Houthi Attacks on Saudi Arabia & Mecca Joint Defence Agreement 🟢 Saudi Arabia issued civil defence alerts in Yanbu Governorate, a major Red Sea oil export hub, amid escalating Houthi attacks. 🟢 Turkey ratified the Mecca Joint Defence Agreement between Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and Turkey, enabling Ankara to provide military support to Riyadh. 📍 Strategic Importance of Yanbu 🟢 Location: Port city on Saudi Arabia’s western coast along the Red Sea. 🟢 Economic significance: • Major crude oil export terminal of Saudi Arabia. • Important outlet for oil transported through the East-West Pipeline (Petroline). • Enables Saudi Arabia to export crude without depending entirely on the Strait of Hormuz. 🟢 Strategic significance: Any disruption could affect global oil supply chains and maritime energy security. 📍 Mecca Joint Defence Agreement 🟢 Members: Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and Turkey. 🟢 Signed in: August 2026. 🟢 Key provision: An armed attack against one member is considered an attack against all members. 🟢 Objective: Promote collective defence, military cooperation and regional security. 🟢 Recent development: Turkey’s Parliament ratified the agreement, clearing the way for possible military assistance to Saudi Arabia. 🟢 Egypt has also approved military assistance to Saudi Arabia. 📍 Indo-Pacific Regional Dialogue (IPRD), 2026 🟢 Annual apex-level international outreach conference of the Indian Navy. 🟢 Venue: Manekshaw Centre, New Delhi, from 3–5 November 2026. 🟢 Organised by: Indian Navy. 🟢 Knowledge Partner and Principal Organiser: National Maritime Foundation (NMF). 🟢 Participation: 18 countries. 🟢 Theme: “Science, Technology and Academic Cooperation in the Indo-Pacific”. 🟢 Five Major Thematic Sessions: • Academic Networks • Maritime Situational Awareness • Oceanographic Science • Ocean Governance • Emerging Technologies 🟢 Objectives: • Promote maritime cooperation through science, technology and academic engagement. • Strengthen joint research, technology development and information-sharing. • Enhance ocean governance, maritime security and climate resilience. • Develop actionable proposals for Indo-Pacific cooperation. 🔆 INFRASTRUCTURE 📍 India’s First Dedicated Green Methanol Bunkering Hub 🟢 India’s first dedicated green methanol bunkering hub and the only port on India’s east coast offering this service. 🟢 Location: VOC Port, Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu. 🟢 Storage capacity: 1,500 m³, comprising two tanks of 750 m³ each. 🟢 Pipeline: 2.8-km stainless-steel pipeline connecting storage facilities to the jetty bunkering point. 🟢 Funding: ₹35.34 crore allocated by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE). 🟢 Commercial launch targeted by November 2026-end, subject to statutory clearances and operational readiness. 📍 Bunkering 🟢 Process of supplying fuel to ships for their operational requirements. 🟢 Green methanol bunkering enables ships to refuel using alternative low-carbon marine fuels. 📍 National Green Hydrogen Mission (NGHM) 🟢 Launched in: January 2023. 🟢 Nodal Ministry: Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE). 🟢 Outlay: ₹19,744 crore. 🟢 Objective: Make India a global hub for the production, use and export of green hydrogen and its derivatives. 🟢 Target: Develop at least 5 million metric tonnes per annum (MMTPA) of green hydrogen production capacity by 2030. 🔆 ENVIRONMENT 📍 Blackbuck Conservation – Chhattisgarh 🟢 Chhattisgarh plans to translocate 50 blackbucks from Barnawapara Wildlife Sanctuary to Gomarda Wildlife Sanctuary. 🟢 Objective: Reintroduce the species after its local extinction over five decades ago. 🟢 Blackbucks disappeared from Gomarda by the 1970s due to hunting, poaching, habitat encroachment and developmental activities. 📍 Blackbuck (Antilope cervicapra) 🟢 Family: Bovidae. 🟢 Native to the Indian subcontinent; nearly 90% of its population is found in India. 🟢 Habitat: Open grasslands, bushlands, scrublands and dry thorn habitats. 🟢 Feeding: Primarily diurnal grazers and foragers. 🟢 Sexual Dimorphism: • Males: Dark brown to black coat with long, spiralling horns. • Females: Yellowish coat and generally hornless. 🟢 Ecological Significance: • Maintains grassland ecosystems through grazing. • Serves as prey for carnivores and contributes to food-chain stability. • Acts as an indicator of healthy open-grassland habitats. 🟢 Conservation Status: • Legal protection: Schedule I under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. • The Wildlife (Protection) Amendment Act, 2022 reduced the number of schedules from six to four; blackbuck continues under Schedule I. 📍 Gomarda Wildlife Sanctuary 🟢 Location: Near Sarangarh, Chhattisgarh. 🟢 Designated in: 1975. 🟢 Vegetation: Sal, Bija, Tendu and bamboo forests. 🟢 Rivers: Laat and Manai. 🟢 Fauna: Sambar, Gaur, Barking Deer, Sloth Bear and Dhole. 📍 Barnawapara Wildlife Sanctuary 🟢 Location: Chhattisgarh, in the north-eastern part of the former Raipur district. 🟢 Vegetation: Teak, Sal and mixed forests. 🟢 Rivers: Blmedhi, Jonk and Mahanadi. 🟢 Fauna: Gaur, Chital, Sambar, Nilgai and Wild Boar. #CurrentAffairs

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📌 *BPSC Special Notes:* खनिज एवं उद्योग ( *रोहतास जिला* ) परीक्षा के दृष्टिकोण से सबसे महत्वपूर्ण तथ्य एक ही पेज में: ✅ भारत के प्रमुख खनिज क्षेत्र ✅ रोहतास की भौगोलिक स्थिति ✅ प्रमुख खनिज (चूना पत्थर, बॉक्साइट, डोलोमाइट) और उनके उपयोग 💡 *नोट्स पसंद आए तो ❤️ रिएक्ट करें और अपने दोस्तों के साथ शेयर करें!* *#BPSC #BiharSpecial #BPSCNotes*