Social Studies Grade 8

#Grammar                         TENSE           What is Tense? Tense : a verb-based method used to indicate the time, and sometimes the continuation or completeness, of an action or state in relation to the time of speaking. Tense የምንለው በግስ ላይ (verb based) የተምሰረተ ሁኖ ጊዜንና አንዳንዴም የድርጊቱን ወይም የሁኔታውን ቀጣይነት ከጊዜ ጋር አገናኝተን ለመናገር የምንጠቀምበት ነው። 👉 The word tense comes from the Latin word  "tempus" which means "time". 👆 Tense የሚለው ቃል የመጣው Tempus ከሚል የላቲን ቃል ሲሆን Tempus ማለት Time (ጊዜ) ማለት ነው። 👉 The concept of tense in English is a method that we use to refer to time - past, present and future. በእንግሊዘኛ የ Tense ጽንሰ ሃሳብ ጊዜን ለመግለጽ የምንጠቀምበት ሲሆን ያለፈውን (past)፧ የአሁኑና (present ) የወደፊቱን (future ) ጊዜ ለማመልከት የምንጠቀምበት ዘዴ ነው።  👉  Many languages use tense to talk about time. Other languages have no concept of tense at all, but of course they can still talk about time, using different methods. NB:- So, we talk about time in English with tense.  ስለዚህ በእንግሊዘኛ ስለ Tense  ስናወራ ስለ ጊዜ እያወራን ነው ማለት ነው።                 Be focus 👇 We cannot talk of tenses without considering two components of many English. 👆 ስለ ሁለት የእንግሊዘኛ አካላት ሳናቅ ስለ Tenses ማውራት አንችልም። እነዚህ ሁለት አካላትም የሚከተሉት ናቸው 👇 Time and aspect. ✅ Time expresses: 👉 Past - before now አላፊ -  ስላለፈ ( ከአሁን በፊት) ስለ ነበረ ድርጊት ስናወራ 👉 present - now, or any time that includes now አሁን - አሁን ላይ ስላለ ድርጊት ስናወራ። 👉 future - after now ወደፊት - ከአሁን በኋላ ✅ Aspect (ሁኔታ) can be express 👉 progressive - uncompleted action  ተጀምሮ ስላልተጠናቀቀ ድርጊት የሚያወራ ነው። 👉 perfective - completed action or state ስለተጠናቀቀ ድርጊት ወይም ሁኔታ የሚያወራ።

➊ ከ4-12ኛ ክፍል  የማጠቃለያ ፈተና (6ኛ፣8ኛ እና 12ኛ ሞዴልን ጨምሮ) ወጥ በሆነ table of specification የሚዘጋጅ ይሆናል ❷ የ6ኛ እና8ኛ ክፍል ከተማ አቀፍ ፈተና የሚዘጋጀው የ6ኛክፍል ፈተና( ከ5ኛ እና 6ኛ ክፍል) እንዲሁም የ8ኛ ክፍል(7ኛ እና 8ኛ ክፍል) ይሆናል ➌ የ6ኛ እና 8ኛ ክፍል ሞዴል ፈተና በክፍለ ከተማ ደረጃ የሚዘጋጅ ይሆናል!! አዲስ አበባ ከተማ አስተዳደር ትምህርት ቢሮ የአጠቃላይ ትምህርት ምዘና አስተዳደር መመሪያ ቁጥር 3/2016 ረቂቅ መመሪያ መሰረት

#ምክር ለ2017 ተፈታኞች 🦋እቅድ አውጡ ;- ሙሉ ጊዚያችሁን ፃፉት ማሳካት የምትፈልጉትን የአጭር እና የረጅም ጊዜ እቅድ ብላችሁ ፃፋት ። ያወጣችሁትን እቅድ ምን ያህል እየተገበራችሁት እንደሆነ ክትትል አድርጉ ። 🦋የተጋነነ እቅድ አይኑራችሁ ;- ያለንበትን ሙድ ሁሌ ማስቀጠል ስለሚከብድ ቀለል አድርጋችሁ ጀምሩ። 🦋በቂ እንቅልፍ ተኙ ;- ከስድስት ያላነሰ ከሰባት ሰአት ያልበለጠ 🤷‍♀️ ። ምሳሌ ከማታ 4-10 ወይም ከ 4-11 አዎ ተማሪ አይደላችሁ እንዴ 🦋እራሳችሁን ከጓደኞቻችሁ ጋር በፍጹም አታወዳድሩ ;- አስታውሳለሁ ሁላችንም ብዙ ጉረኛ 🙍‍♂️🙍 ጓደኞች አሉን ። ይመጡ እና እስካሁን የ አስራ አንደኛን cover አላደረክም እንዴ ይሉሀል ። cover እንደዚ ቀላል ነው እንዴ ትላለህ ። በቃ አለቀልኝ ትላለህ ። 🦋ሶሻል ሚዲያ መጠቀም አቁሙ (ቀንሱ) ;- social media ገዳይ ነው ። ጊዜን አዕምሮን ይገድላል ።በተለይ ቲክቶክ application እስካሁን ስልካችሁ ላይ ካለ uninstall አድርጉት ። 90% ጥላቻ እና ዘረኝነት ነው ይቅርባችሁ ። እመኑኝ 🦋ጓደኛ ምረጥ ;- ስለጥናትህ ከሁሉ ጋር አታውራ ። የት እንደደረስክ ምን እንደቀረህ በጣም open mind የሆኑ ጓደኞችን መምከር የሚችሉ ንግግራቸው ያማረ አንዳንድ smart ሰዎች አሉ አደል እናንተ ትምህርት ቤት እነሱ ጋ ሂድና አማክራቸው ............ይቀጥላል ለሳምንት ይቆየን 🌺 የሳምንት ሰው ይበለን ።

Fill in the Blanks with the Correct Verb Form 1. She __ (go) to the store every Saturday.    - A) go    - B) goes    - C) going 2. They __ (play) soccer when it started to rain.    - A) played    - B) playing    - C) play 3. I __ (eat) breakfast at 8 AM tomorrow.    - A) eat    - B) will eat    - C) eating 4. He __ (study) for his exams right now.    - A) studies    - B) is studying    - C) studied 5. We __ (visit) Paris last summer.    - A) visited    - B) visit    - C) visiting 6. She __ (not/see) that movie yet.    - A) didn’t see    - B) doesn’t see    - C) hasn’t seen 7. They __ (finish) their homework by the time the bell rings.    - A) finished    - B) will finish    - C) finishing 8. I __ (never/try) sushi before.    - A) never tried    - B) have never tried    - C) never try 9. He __ (run) three miles every morning.    - A) runs    - B) running    - C) run 10. We __ (watch) a movie when the power went out.     - A) watched     - B) were watching     - C) watching 11. She __ (read) that book last week.     - A) read     - B) reads     - C) reading 12. They __ (be) friends since childhood.     - A) are     - B) were     - C) have been 13. I __ (call) you later tonight.     - A) called     - B) call     - C) will call 14. He __ (not/finish) his project yet.     - A) didn’t finish     - B) hasn’t finished     - C) doesn’t finish 15. We __ (go) to the beach every summer.     - A) went     - B) are going     - C) go 16. She __ (work) at the company for five years.     - A) has worked     - B) worked     - C) works 17. They __ (not/like) the new restaurant.     - A) didn’t like     - B) don’t like     - C) haven’t liked 18. I __ (take) my dog for a walk every evening.     - A) took     - B) take     - C) taking 19. He __ (sleep) when I called him.     - A) slept     - B) was sleeping     - C) is sleeping 20. We __ (plan) a trip for next month.     - A) are planning     - B) planned     - C) plan 21. She __ (exercise) regularly to stay healthy.     - A) exercises     - B) is exercising     - C) exercised 22. I __ (not/know) the answer to that question.     - A) don’t know     - B) didn’t know     - C) haven’t known 23. They __ (travel) to Europe last year.     - A) traveled     - B) travel     - C) traveling 24. He __ (study) English for three years now.     - A) studies     - B) has studied     - C) is studying 25. We __ (meet) them at the park yesterday.     - A) met     - B) meet     - C) meeting 26. She __ (not/understand) the instructions yet.     - A) hasn’t understood     - B) didn’t understand     - C) doesn’t understand 27. I __ (see) that movie before.     - A) saw     - B) have seen     - C) seen 28. They __ (not/finish) their work by 5 PM.     - A) didn’t finish     - B) haven’t finished     - C) don’t finish 29. He __ (play) the piano since he was a child.     - A) has played     - B) played     - C) plays 30. We __ (stay) in a hotel during our vacation.     - A) stayed     - B) stay     - C) are staying 31. She __ (drink) coffee every morning.     - A) drinks     - B) is drinking     - C) drank 32. I __ (not/see) him lately.     - A) haven’t seen     - B) didn’t see     - C) don’t see 33. They __ (finish) their project by next week.     - A) will finish     - B) finished     - C) finish 34. He __ (read) a lot of books this year.     - A) reads     - B) has read     - C) read 35. We __ (not/go) to the party last night.     - A) didn’t go     - B) don’t go     - C) haven’t gone 36. She __ (play) guitar when she was younger.     - A) plays     - B) played     - C) is playing 37. I __ (meet) my friend for lunch tomorrow.     - A) met     - B) meet     - C) will meet 38. They __ (not/see) each other since last year.     - A) haven’t seen     - B) didn’t see     - C) don’t see