UPSC CSE Why

Pre note: This week, start tough with Prelims Mastery Plan 🏆 🚨 21st April | Monday 🚨

Pre notes 📔

1. Gandhi Sagar Sanctuary (Mandsaur and Neemuch, Madhya Pradesh) - Why in News: Madhya Pradesh Chief Minister released two cheetahs from Kuno National Park to Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary. • River: Chambal River passes through the sanctuary dividing it into two parts • Vegetation Type: Sanctuary is in the Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests ecoregion. • Flora:  Khair (Acacia catechu), Salai, Kardhai, Dhawda, Tendu, Palash. • Fauna:  Chinkara/Indian gazelle, Nilgai and Sambar,Indian leopard, langur, Indian wild dog, otter, and Mugger crocodile • Also Refer: Image of major Rivers and associated Protected Areas of Madhya Pradesh. 2. Heat Waves in India • Why in News: Resurface of debate about adding heat waves to the list of notified disasters under Disaster Management (DM) Act of 2005 instead of only a natural disaster. • What: period of abnormally high temperatures that occurs during the summer season in India. • IMD Criteria: Refer • Notified Disasters under DMA, 2005: Cyclones, Drought, Earthquakes, Fire, Flood, Tsunami, Hailstorm, Landslide, Avalanche, Cloudburst,Pest attack, Frost and Cold waves. 3. Jal Jeevan Mission (🗓 August 15, 2019) • Why in News: Jal Shakti Ministry seeks Rs 2.79 lakh crore more for Jal Jeevan Mission, likely to get just half • Ministry: Ministry of Jal Shakti • Type: Centrally Sponsored Scheme • Objective:  Provide tap connections to 16 crore rural households to achieve saturation coverage by December end 2024. • Achievement: 75 per cent of the target could be achieved over five years, • Extension: Remaining 4 crore tap connections now proposed to be installed till December 31, 2028.

Mains Notes 📔

4. Sea Level Rise Impacts (GS3: Environment) • Global sea level rising at 0.59 cm/year in 2024, up from previous 0.43 cm rate. • 32% of India's coastline experienced erosion between 1990-2018 (NCCR data). • 3.6 million people in India are at risk from rising sea levels. • MISHTI program targets restoration of 540 sq. km of mangroves over 5 years.

@CSEWhy recommendations 🧑‍🏫

Indian express 📰 1. Work in the machine age (The Editorial Page) (GS3: Economy) 2. Court of hope (The Ideas Page) (GS2: Polity and Governance) 3. Why food inflation is softening (Explained) (GS3: Economy) The Hindu 🗞 1. Enabling legislation (Editorial) (GS2: Social Justice) 2. Diving into SC's verdict on Governors (Opinion) (GS2: Polity and Governance) PS: Practice UPSC level mocks on CSEWhy App, daily!

Civil services day today. Good to answer for yourself 👇🏼 Why do you want to become a civil servant? Answer below

Pre note: AITS GS Test 6 (Full length) is live. PRACTICE on CSEWhy app. 🚨 20th April  | Sunday 🚨

Pre notes 📔

1. RARE EARTH ELEMENTS • Why in News: Indian imports of rare earth elements (REES) have been quite small, shielding domestic supply chains  from major disruptions. • What: 17 metallic elements, including the 15 lanthanides- lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), promethium (Pm), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb) and lutetium (Lu) plus scandium (Sc) and yttrium (Y) • Where: See the map in next image1. 2. IMEC initiative • Why in News: Concerns over delay of  India-Middle East Europe Economic Corridor (IMEC)  due to Israel-Palestine war. • What: planned economic corridor for economic integration between Asia, the Persian Gulf and Europe. • When: MoU signed during the 2023 G20 New Delhi summit. • Route: See the map in next image2.

Mains Notes 📔

3. Judicial Accountability in India (GS2 : Polity and Governance) • What: holding judges answerable for their conduct and decisions within constitutional and legal frameworks • Relevant Articles: Articles 124(4) and 218, Articles 227 and 235 • Laws/Rules: Bangalore Code of Judicial Conduct  (2001),Judges (Inquiry) Act, 1968, In-house Procedure (1999), RTI Act(2005), • Also read: The code of conduct judges need to follow, Behind fire and cash

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recommendations🧑

Indian Express 📰 1. The train to Kashmir: 100 years of paving the path... (Opinion) (GS3: Infrastructure) 2. University education in peril.......(Opinion) (GS2: Education) The Hindu 🗞 1. Why are civil disputes being criminalised?.... (FAQ) (GS2: Polity and Governance) 2. Will trade war lead to import surge in India?...(FAQ) (GS3: Economy) PS: Clear Prelims basics with Prelims Mastery Plan 🏆

Pre note: Weekend starts. Here's how you will revise entire week's CAs. 🚨 19th April  | Saturday 🚨

Pre notes

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1. NISAR MISSION (NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Satellite Mission) • Why in News: Long-Awaited NISAR a collaboration between the space agencies of India and the US, may finally be launched in June. • What: joint mission between NASA and ISRO to measure Earth’s dynamic surfaces, changing ecosystems, and ice masses. • Contribution: two advanced radar systems-NASA’s L-band radar and ISRO's S-band radar- first satellite to carry both. • Where: satellite will be launched into low Earth orbit using ISRO's Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mark II. 2. UNESCO Memory of World Register • Why in News: Manuscripts of the Bhagavad Gita and Bharat Muni's Natya-shastra added to the UNESCO's Memory of the World Register. • What: Compendium of documents, manuscripts, oral traditions, audio-visual materials, library, and archival holdings of universal value. • Objective: conservation of the documentary heritage by networks of experts and raise resources for the preservation, digitization, and dissemination of the material.

Mains Notes 📔

3. Semiconductor Industry in India • Current Status: USD 26.3 billion • Projected Growth: Expected to reach USD 271.9 billion by 2032, with a CAGR of 26.3%. • Government Initiatives: India Semiconductor Mission, Semicon India Programme, Production-Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme. - Semiconductor plants in India: See the map in next image.

@CSEWhy recommendations🧑

Indian Express 📰 1. Diffusion is destiny... (Editorial Page) (GS2: International Relations) 2. Hindi & Urdu-a tale of twins... (The Ideas Page) (GS1: Salient Features of Indian Society) The Hindu 🗞 1. A restoration of sanity to the constitutional system (Editorial) (GS2: Polity and Governance) 2. Steering the decarbonisation of India's logistic sector (Editorial) (GS3: Environment) PS: Clear Prelims basics with Prelims Mastery Plan 🏆

Pre note: Clear CSAT basics with Prelims Mastery Plan 🏆 🚨 18th April  | Friday 🚨

Pre notes 📔

1. International Big Cat Alliance (India HQ & Secretariat) • When: IBCA was launched by Prime in 2023 during the 50th anniversary of Project Tiger • Objective: conservation of seven major big cat species👇🏻 the Tiger, Lion, Leopard, Snow Leopard, Cheetah, Jaguar, and Puma. 2. Central Consumer Protection Authority • What: regulatory body established under Consumer Protection Act (CPA), 2019, • Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution. • Role: prevent false or misleading advertisements by imposing penalties and ensure consumer rights are protected.

Mains Notes 📔

Defense Indigenisation • Increase: In last 10 years, defence production doubled from Rs 46,429 crore and exports grown nearly tenfold • Expectations: this year production to cross 1.60 lakh crore. • Target: to manufacture military hardware worth 3 lakh crore by 2029. • Initiatives: iDEX, ADITI bridge,SAMARTHYA 2025,Defence Corridors.

@CSEWhy recommendations 🧑‍🏫I

Indian Express 📰 1. Balance is Restored...(The Ideas Page) (GS2: Polity) 2. Key Issues in the challenge to Waqf Act  (Explained) (GS2: Polity) The Hindu 🗞 1. Is the once extinct dire wolf back?...(Text & Context) (GS3: Biotechnology) 2. Are Indian Startups not scaling up on innovation? (Opinion) (GS3: Economy) PS: Jitna revise karoge, utna yaad rahega - simple! Revise CA here

Meet Talib Was working from a coffee shop when he walked up & said he is a CSEWHY app user. 🥰 Kuch toh accha kar hi raha hooon yaar 💪🏻🙏🏻 Get app for PRE25: App.csewhy.com

Pre note: 37 days left, revision is the key! Need Quick Revision Notes? Go to CSEWhy App 🚨 17th April  | Thursday 🚨

Pre notes 📔

1. Type 5 diabetes •What: form of diabetes affecting lean and malnourished teenagers and young adults in low- and middle-in-come countries. • Why in News: officially recognised as a distinct form of the disease by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). • Where: See the map in next image 2. New Chief Justice Of India • Why in News: Second most senior Justice B R Gavai recommended as next CJI • Process: Supreme Court judge is appointed by the President under Article 124 (2) of the Constitution. • Who: As per the convention, the senior-most judge of the Supreme Court is designated as the CJI. •  Role: As "Master of the Roster," CJI  assigns cases to benches and set their hearing schedule in the Supreme Court. 3. National Commission For Women • What: statutory body established in 1992 under the National Commission for Women Act, 1990 • Composition: Chairperson, 5Members, and a Member-Secretary nominated by the Central Government. •Authority: While investigating, shall have all the powers of a civil court.

Mains Notes

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1. Excess Fluoride in Sonbhadra's Groundwater Sparks Health Crisis(Case Study: GS3 Water Pollution) • What: Fluoride is a reactive element used in industries like aluminium and steel production. • Safe level: 1 to 1.5 mg/L; higher levels pose health risks • Measures: India has launched National Programme for Prevention and Control of Fluorosis and Jal Jeevan Mission to address fluoride contamination. 2. “Women and Men in India 2024” Report (by MoSPI) (GS1: Gender Issues) • FLFPR:- Women’s labor force participation increased significantly from 49.8% (2017-18) to 60.1% (2023-24). •  Leadership Role: Female-headed businesses and women-led startups have increased by over 800% in seven years. • Concerns: 31.9% of married women report spousal violence, with high rates in Karnataka, Bihar, and Manipur.

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recommendations 🧑‍🏫I

Indian Express 📰 1. Speaking of Urdu (Editorial) (GS1: Salient Features of Indian Society) 2. A victory for all citizens,states (Idea page) (GS2: Polity and Governance) The Hindu 🗞 1. Call for permanent settlement for tribals (Opinion) (GS1: Indian Society) 2. Sharing a response to the US reciprocal tariffs (Editorial) (GS3: Economy) PS: Koi shortcut nahi hai, bas consistency hai!

Pre note:  Aaj ka revision = exam hall ka confidence! 🚨 16th April | Wednesday 🚨

Pre notes 📔

1. Operation Chakra V • Initiative by Central Bureau of Investigation. • Objective-  nationwide crackdown on transnational organized cyber syndicates involved in Digital Arrest scams. 2. World’s first particulate matter trading scheme   (Case Study Quick Read) • The Surat Emission Trading Scheme (ETS) launched in 2019 seeks to curb air pollution • Allowing industries to buy and sell permits for particulate matter emissions.

Mains Notes📔

Report on ‘Unlocking $25+ Billion Export Potential – India’s Hand & Power Tools Sector’ • Released by NITI AAYOG. • underscores the transformative potential of hand and power tools industry for India’s economic growth. • India has potential of reaching $ 25 billion in exports over next decade, which could create approximately 35 lakh jobs.

@CSEWhy recommendations 🧑‍🏫I

Indian Express 📰 1. Xi in the neighbourhood (Editorial) (GS2: International Relations) 2. The new Sangam (Idea Page) (GS3: Environment) The Hindu 🗞 1. Are births,deaths being properly registered? (Text&Context) (GS1: Human Geography) 2. A proclamation of democracy in legislative process (Editorial) (GS2: Polity and Governance) PS: CSAT ki preparation ka trusted source: PYQ Analysis by CSEWhy ✔️

Pre note: PYQs kar lo GS & CSAT ke yahan se 🚨 15th April | Tuesday 🚨

Pre notes 📔

1. GPS Spoofing • manipulating or tricking a GPS receiver by broadcasting false GPS signals • Result: Inaccurate location, undermines reliability of GPS data, critical for navigation, time sync • Past reference: Allegedly, used in Kargil war 1999 prompting India to develop NavIC 2. Indian new years: Find cultural reference here

@CSEWhy recommendations

The Indian Express 📰 1. A bid for unfettered supremacy (Ideas Page) (GS2: Policy) 2. What Karnataka caste survey has said? (Explained page) (GS1: Indian Society) The Hindu 🗞 1.Missing the Target (Editorial) (GS3: Economy) 2. [Must Read] How is spaceflight safety ensured? (text&context) (GS2: Science and Technology) PS: WhatsApp directly to 7011596808 for any queries on your orders↗️

Pre note: CSEWhy Subject wise tests are Live. ↗️ 🚨 14th April  | MONDAY 🚨

Pre notes 📔

1. Exercise AIKEYME [ Dar-es-Salaam,Tanzania] • What: Africa India Key Maritime Engagement • Objective: to develop collaborative solutions to common regional maritime challenges. • Participants: India, Tanzania, Comoros, Djibouti, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mozambique, Seychelles and South Africa. 2. GENOME INDIA PROJECT: Revise here

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recommendations 🧑‍🏫

The Indian Express 🗞 1. A Global Talent Hub.....(Editorial Page) (GS3:Economy) 2. Unpacking the tariff game plan......(The Ideas Page) (GS3:Economy) 3. The US-Iran Nuclear Talks.....(Explained) (GS2: International Relations) The Hindu 🗞 1. Governor's conduct and a judgment of significance...(Editorial) (GS2: Polity and Governance) 2. Will Trump's tariff bring in a recession? (Text & Context) (GS3: Economy) PS: Only One Mantra for All- PRACTICE! PRACTICE! & PRACTICE!

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Pre note: Zyada pressure lene se fayda nahi, thoda break lo aur smartly revise karo.Check Revision Notes. 🚨 12th April  | Saturday 🚨

Pre notes 📔 1.  Index of Industrial Production ( IIP) •What:  measures the changes in volume of production of industrial products during a given period. •Published By: Central Statistical Organisation ( MoS&PI) •Base year: 2011-12 • Sectors covered: Broad Sectors - Mining, Manufacturing and Electricity. • 8 core sectors: comprise 40.2% of weight of items.( Refinery>Electricity>Steel>Coal>Crude oil>Natural Gas>Cement>Fertilizers) 2. Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action :- • Why in News? 2025 as thirtieth anniversary of declaration. •What : Intergovernmental agreement to achieve equal rights of all women and girls •When: Agreed at Fourth World Conference on Women in 1995. • Report: 'Womens Rights in Review after 30 Years after Beijing' released by UN - WOMEN. @CSEWhy recommendations 🧑‍🏫I

Indian Express 📰 1. AI by doing (The Ideas Page) (GS3: Science and Technology) 2. Why confidence in US $ is flagging (Explained) (GS3: Economy) The Hindu 🗞️ 1. Giving shape to the University of the future... (Editorial) (GS2: Education) 2. Dire Efforts ... (Editorial) (GS3: Science and Technology) PS: Self-analysis kiya, Kahan stand kar rahe ho? AITS Live hai App me, Attempt karo.

Shared detail mapping strategy on the blog, pay close attention for +10 marks in PRE25 Read this blog post carefully Also, here's a list of maps you shall have for revision.

Pre Note: You ignore CSAT, UPSC will ignore you! Get CSAT PYQs here 🚨 11 April | Friday🚨

Pre notes 📔

1. NATIONAL INVESTIGATION AGENCY (HQ: New Delhi) • What: Central counter terrorism law enforcement agency • Statute: NIA Act 2008 aftermath of 26/11 Mumbai terror attack • Jurisdiction: operates in whole of India and Indian citizens outside the country 2. Delimitation • What? process of fixing number of seats and boundaries of constituencies • Articles: 82 & 170 provide for Delimitation Act after every Census • Delimitation Commission has been set up 4 times under Act of Parliament- 1952,1962,1972,2002

@CSEWhy recommendations 🧑‍🏫I

The Indian Express  📰 1. The Accountability Hour ( The Ideas Page) (GS2: Parliament and it's functioning) 2. Startups need an enabling climate( The Ideas Page) ( GS3: Economy) The Hindu  📰 1. The issue with Delimitation's population based process. (Editorial) ( GS2: Polity and Governance) 2. Are existing mechanisms effective in combating judicial corruption? (Opinion) ( GS2 : Judicial Accountability) 3. Phule : a constant gardener of social revolution. (Text and Context) ( GS1: History) PS: Download free samples to CSAT & GS PYQs here

Mahavira Jayanti today 3 PYQs on Jainism for you to revise for UPSC 2025 Can you explain why 1st statement of 3rd Q is incorrect?😉

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