Engineering Sound

good to be home! Snapped a photo of the Verrazzano Bridge while flying in the other day, and it got me thinking about NYC’s incredible collection of bridges. They’re not just a joy to see and cross, but trace structural engineering history over the last 150 years. There are by my count 13 bridges in NYC with main spans over 200 meters (656 feet), three of which were the world’s longest upon completion: The Brooklyn Bridge (1883; 486 m), George Washington Bridge (1931; 1,067 m) and Verrazzano Bridge (1964; 1298 m) Two other bridges, the Hell Gate Bridge (1916; 298 m) and Bayonne Bridge (1931; 511 m) were the longest arches in the world upon their completion. The Queensborough Bridge (1909; 360 m) was not the world's longest cantilever upon completion, but that’s only because the Firth of Forth is an absolute beast. A full eight of the 13 major spans are suspension bridges, reflecting both their age – most were built before cable-stayed bridges were common – and the long gaps they cross. There are also two arches, two cantilevers and a cable-stayed bridge (the Goethals Bridge (2017; 205 m), which replaced an older cantilever span). One last fun fact: the Bronx-Whitestone bridge (1939; 700 m) was completed just a year after the Tacoma Narrows Bridge, and featured a similar slender design. Though engineers concluded that the span was not in danger, the public was spooked by the Tacoma Narrows collapse, so cable-stays and deck trusses were eventually installed to fix the “problem”. #structuralengineering #bridgeengineering #steelstructures

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What is the difference between lateral ties and stirrups? Lateral ties are used in columns. The load is carried by the vertical steel bars, while the ties are provided to keep the bars in their required position without getting disturbed while compacting the concrete by the needle vibrators. The ties do not take or share any part of the load coming on the column. The ties are evenly spread along with the full height of the column. Stirrups. The term stirrups are used to define the transverse reinforcement provided in beams where the primary mode of load transfer is from bending and shear. The stirrups are provided, to prevent cracks from forming in the concrete beam due to tension, bending, and shear. The spacing of the stirrups is not uniform throughout the length of the beam. They are spaced closer near the supports and farther apart in the middle portion.

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