BELAJAR BAHASA INGGRIS

What or which Sometimes we can use 'what' and 'which' interchangeably but there are a lot of cases when it's better to use the certain word. When do we use 'What'? 'What' can be used before nouns. We use this question word when it is clear that there is a wide choice of possible answers. For example 👇 What cars do you like? What animals do you have? When do we use 'Which'? 'Which' can also be used before nouns. We use it when it is clear that there are not so many possible answers. 'Which' is also used with 'one' or 'of'. For example 👇 Which color do you like? Red or black? Which hand did you hurt? Which of these houses do you choose? May I take a cookie? Which one may I take? SOURCE

COMMON MISTAKES ❌ I didn’t meet nobody. ✅ I didn’t meet anybody. ❌ My flight departs in 5:00 am. ✅ My flight departs at 5:00 am. ❌ I promise I call you next week. ✅ I promise I’ll call you next week. SOURCE

Singular and plural nouns The majority of English nouns form a plural form simply: you just need to add -s/-es to the end of a word. But also there is a wide range of exceptions that makes the main rule a bit more difficult. Some plurals are formed logically but some forms must be memorized. Main rules As we mentioned above, most of English nouns form its plural by adding -s/-es to the end of a word.  For example 👇 a dog 👉 dogs a table 👉 tables a door 👉 doors If a singular noun ends in s, x, z, ch, sh, we add -es to make a plural form. For example 👇 an actress 👉 actresses a bus 👉 buses a birch 👉 birches a tax 👉 taxes a bush 👉 bushes Sometimes we need to double -s when a word ends in the same letter.  For example 👇 a gas 👉 gasses If a word ends in -y and has a consonant before it, we make an -ies ending. For example 👇 a city 👉 cities a baby 👉 babies a lady 👉 ladies a fly 👉 flies If a word ends in -y and has a vowel before it, we add -s. a boy 👉 boys a day 👉 days a way 👉 ways If a word ends in -o, we add -es to it. tomato 👉 tomatoes potato 👉 potatoes But: a photo 👉 photos a piano 👉 pianos SOURCE @fosilmedia @pejuang @ambis

COMMON MISTAKES ❌ The house isn’t enough big. ✅ The house isn’t big enough. ❌ You should not to smoke. ✅ You should not smoke. ❌ There is seven girls in the class. ✅ There are seven girls in the class. SOURCE

COMMON MISTAKES ❌ She doesn’t listen me. ✅ She doesn’t listen to me. ❌ You speak English good. ✅ You speak English well. ❌ The police is coming. ✅ The police are coming. SOURCE

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Order of Adjectives There is a rather strict order of adjectives in the English language. It means that when we have two or more adjectives in a sentence we should place them according to a certain rule one after another. You should remember that it is not typical to use long adjective phrases in a spoken or written language. But still there are cases when three or even five adjectives occur in one sentence. This useful table will help you understand and remember the order of adjectives in the sentence. Table of Order of Adjectives Place | Meaning | Examples 1. | opinion | good, bad, | | beautiful, | | important, etc. 1* | specific | clever, | opinion | uncomfortable, | tasty, etc. 2. | size | big, immense, | | little, heavy, low, | | etc. 3. | physical | welldressed, | quality | untidy, athletic, fat, | | etc. 4. | shape | square, broad, | | curved, flat, | | crooked, etc. 5. | age | new, old, young, | |19-year-old, etc. 6. | color | green, purple, | | black, etc. 7. | origin | English, American, | | Turkish, German, | | etc. 8. | material | gold, silver, copper, | | cotton, leather, | | wooden, stone, | | diamond, etc. 9. | type | four-wheeled, | | paragliding, diving, | | etc. 10. | purpose | engineering, | | medical, etc Note, that we can give a general opinion and the specific opinion. The first one goes before the second one. Specific opinion shows our own emotions and attitude to the object of speaking. It can be a comfortable/uncomfortable couch, pleasant/unpleasant situation, etc. Look at the examples below. Pay attention to the order of adjectives. Helen is a beautiful (1), clever (1*), tall (2), young (5), Australian (7) lady. My brother bought an awesome (1), red (6), sport (9) car. He made an ugly (1*), enormous (2), square (4), black (6), wooden (8) table. This is a big (2), modern (5), German (7), dental (10) centre. SOURCE

COMMON MISTAKES ❌ I like very much ice cream. ✅ I like ice cream very much. ❌ She can to drive. ✅ She can drive. ❌ Where I can find a bank? ✅ Where can I find a bank? SOURCE #common_mistakes

DO OR MAKE? First of all we have to dissappoint you, because there is no exact rule that would help us use 'do' or 'make' correctly. English language has got a lot of fixed expressions with these verbs and we have to learn them by heart. 💡Still, one thing can be helpful. Remember that we do activities make something = create or produce (any result, product, etc.) Here is a list of popular collocations with 'do' and 'make'⬇️ Things we DO 10 miles per hour a burp a course a crossword a dance a drawing a favor / favour a job, work, business a painting a project a service an assignment an exam an exercise anything / everything / nothing / something badly chores damage exercises good harm research right (the right thing) / wrong (the wrong thing) the dishes the gardening the housework the ironing the laundry the rest the shopping the washing well work your best your homework your nails, hair Things we MAKE arrangements for a change/changes a choice a comment a contribution to a decision an effort an excuse friends an improvement a mistake a phone call progress SOURCE

🧁 MADE OF OR MADE FROM? 💥 We use made of to speak about material: Lego is made of plastic. All of their furniture is made of oak. 💥 We usually use made from to explain that a material is created by modifying another material: Glass is made from sand. Glass is made of sand. Paper is made from wood. Paper is made of wood. SOURCE

🧑‍🎓LEARN OR STUDY? 👉 LEARN – use the verb ‘learn’ to talk about new information or experience.  Examples: 1). In English class today, we learned some new vocabulary.  2). I’m learning English at school.  3). You can learn a language quickly if you practice everyday. 👉 STUDY – use the verb ‘study’ to talk about information that you must remember. So, this is information that someone has taught you which you have already seen or learnt before.  To make sure you don’t forget the information, you must study it.  Examples: 1). I must study the grammar for my English exam tomorrow. 2). Compare the difference between the use of STUDY and LEARN in the following sentences: 1. After English lessons, I go home and study everything that I learned during the classes at school. 2. Learning English is easy but I don’t like studying the new words and vocabulary. 3. Some new words in English are very difficult to remember for me. I learn some new words very easily but some I can’t remember. I must study them many times before I remember their meaning. SOURCE