𝙳𝙴𝙽𝚃𝙰𝙻 𝚂𝚃𝚄𝙳𝚈 𝙽𝙾𝚃𝙴𝚂.𝟻
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{رَّبِّ زِدْنِي عِلْمًا} 👩🏻🎓🎓💉🦷✨ قناة طب أسنان مرحلة خامسة جامعة بغداد (لطفاً… لمن استفاد بشيء من هذه القناة قرائة سورة الفاتحة على روح والدي🤍)
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2 379
Increasing heart rate and contractility, and thus, increasing blood pressure ?
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اعذروني اخوان م عندي نوتس للثالثة و الرابعة اساساً اني أول واحد تاهت عليه الأمور
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how do we identify and classify bacteria ?
-من خلال الnumber and distribution of flagella on bacterial surface
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capsule function ?
- inhibits phagocytosis + protects bacteria from lytic enzymes
الي هو نفسهم الlysozymes
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يعني الكبسيول هو sharply defined with definitive boundaries اما ال slime layer ما اله shape محدد و كذا
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فرق بين الcapsule و الslime layer …
- slime layer = loosely associated with bacterium
- capsule = tightly attached to bacterium
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gram negative
- thin single-layered peptidoglycan layer
- ماكو teichoic acids
- اكو periplasmic space
- can be decolorized -> accept counter stain
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gram positive
- thick multilayered peptidoglycan layer
- اكو teichoic acids
- ماكو periplasmic space
- اكو lipopolysaccharides (موجوده ع الouter membrane )
- can be stained -> dark violet
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cytoplasmic components ?
- ribosomes
- mesosomes
- intra-cytoplasmic inclusions
- nucleoid
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plasma membrane composition ?
- lipoprotein + small amounts of carbohydrates
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function of plasma membrane ?
- semi permeable membrane
يسمح ل بعض الامور تعبر و غيرها لا
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gram negative cell wall composed of ?
- outer membrane
linked to thin single-layered peptidoglycan (in periplasmic space) by lipoproteins
- outer membrane contains ….porins -> passage of small lipophilic molecules
….lipopolysaccharide molecules -> extend into extracellular space
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gram positive cell wall composed of ?
- thick, multilayered peptidoglycan sheath outside plasma membrane
- contains teichoic acid and lipoteichoic acid (which extend into plasma membrane)
