Microbiology 38

#Immunology #important_not اختصارات مهمه في المناعه 💉مــملڪــة الــــ👨‍⚕ــطــب💊🌡 @Kingdomofmedicine ACTH: adenocorticotrophic hormone AD: Aadenosine deaminase ADCC: antibody‐mediated cellular cytotoxicity ADH: antidiuretic hormone AIDS: acquired immune deficiency syndrome ALS: antilymphocyte antisera AMP: adenosine monophosphate ANA: antinuclear antibody APC: antigen‐presenting cell ARCAIDS‐related complex ARDS: adult respiratory distress syndrome β2Mβ2‐microglobulin BALT: bronchial‐associated lymphoid tissue BCG: bacille Calmette–GuérinBSEbovine spongiform encephalopathy CAH: congenital adrenal hyperplasia cAMP: cyclic AMP CCL: chemokine ligand CCR: chemokine receptor CEA: carcinoembryonic antigen CFU‐GEMM: colony‐forming unit – granulocyte, erythroid, monocyte, megakaryocyte CGD: chronic granulomatous disease cGMP:cyclic GMP CJD: Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease CK: cytokine CLV: central longitudinal vein CMI: cell‐mediated immunity CMV: cytomegalovirus CON :Aconcanavalin ACR: complement receptor CREST: calcinosis, Raynaud's, oesophageal dysmotility, sclerodactyly, telangiectasia (syndrome) CRPC‐reactive protein CSF: cerebrospinal fluid CSF: colony‐stimulating factor CTL: cytotoxic T lymphocyte DAF: decay accelerating factor DAMP: damage‐associated molecular pattern DC: dendritic cell DSCG: disodium cromoglicate DTH: delayed‐type hypersensitivity EBVE: pstein–Barr virus EL: efferent lymphatic ELISA: enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay ER: endoplasmic reticulum ES: erythroid cell FACS: fluorescence‐activated cell sorting FDC: follicular dendritic cell FSH: follicle‐stimulating hormone G6PD: glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase GALT: gut‐associated lymphoid tissue GBM: glomerular basement membrane G‐CSF: granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor GH: growth hormone GM: granulocyte–monocyte 💉مــملڪــة الــــ👨‍⚕ــطــب💊🌡 @Kingdomofmedicine GM‐CSF: granulocyte macrophage colony‐stimulating factor GMP: guanosine monophosphate GVH: graft‐versus‐host GVT: graft‐versus‐tumour HAART: highly active antiretroviral therapy HBV: hepatitis B virus HDL: high‐density lipoprotein HEV: high endothelial venule HHV: human herpes virus HIV: human immunodeficiency virus HLA: human leucocyte antigen HPV: human papillomavirus HS: haemopoietic stem cell HTLV: human T‐cell leukaemia virus ICAM: intercellular adhesion molecule IDC: interdigitating dendritic cell IFN: interferonIgimmunoglobulin IL: interleukin ITAM: immunoreceptor tyrosine‐based activation motif ITIM: immunoreceptor tyrosine‐based inhibitory motif JAK: Janus kinase KIR: killer inhibitory receptor KSHV: Kaposi sarcoma‐associated herpes virus LCL: angerhans' cell LH: luteinizing hormone LPS: lipopolysaccharide LRR: leucine‐rich repeat LS: lymphoid stem cell LT: leukotriene MAC: macrophage MAF: macrophage activating factor MALT: mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue MBL: mannose‐binding lectin MBP: mannose‐binding protein M‐CSF: macrophage colony‐stimulating factor MHC: major histocompatibility complex MIF: macrophage migration inhibition factor MK: megakaryocyte MMR; measles, mumps and rubella MPS: mononuclear phagocytic system MRSA: methicillin‐resistant Staphyloccus aureusMWmolecular weight 💉مــملڪــة الــــ👨‍⚕ــطــب💊🌡 @Kingdomofmedicine NBT: nitroblue tetrazolium (test)NKnatural killer NO: nitric oxide PAMP: pathogen‐associated molecular pattern PC: plasma cell PCD: programmed cell death PCR: polymerase chain reaction PCV: post‐capillary venule PG: peptidoglycanPGprostaglandin PGL: progressive generalized lymphadenopathy PHA: phytohaemagglutininPKpyruvate kinase PL: prolactin PMN: polymorphonuclear leucocyte PNP; purine nucleoside phosphorylase PRR: pattern‐recognition receptor RA: rheumatoid arthritis RAG: recombination activating gene RER: rough endoplasmic reticulum RES: reticuloendothelial system RF: rheumatoid factor RhRhesus ROS: reactive oxygen species SALT: skin‐associated lymphoid tissue SIV: simian immunodeficiency virus SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus SNP: single nucleotide substitution SOD: superoxide dismutase SSPE: subacute sclerosing panencephalitis 💉مــملڪــة

تفريغات كل محاضرات الفيروسات الذي اخذناها في الترم الاول والترم الثاني #فيروسات #اللجنه_العلميه_36

• هذا ما تم تجميعه من الإختبار ✨.. .

1. Type of hypersensitivity caused by penicillin G : -.. -.. -.. - all of the above 2. which type of cytokine is found to be increased in Type HSR 1 - IFN ɣ - IL-4 - IL-17 -.. 3. what’s the difference between HRS Type II & III antibodies? - the location -Antibody -complement system -all 4. which of those factors contribute to tumor regression? - M2 macrophages - hiding the tumor antigens - i dont remember :PP - M1 macrophages ✅ 5. Autoantibodies association with nephritis lupus: - anti-ssA ✅ 6. More frequen in drug induced lupus: - anti histone ✅ 7. Immune system attacks thyroid cells leading to hypothyroidism: - hashimoto's ✅ 8.The most taste association with RA is : - anti-CCP ✅ 9. Transplanted between two genetically different individuals of the same species is called: - Allograft ✅ 10. All of the following is about accelerated rejection except : - occur immediately within the first few hours of transplantation ✅ 11. Selectively block the transcription of IL-2 in activation of T cells : - FK506✅ 12. All of the following is evasion of immune responses by tumors except : - expression of specific tumor antigen ✅ 13. The patient with Bruton's disease usually have : - reduced or absent of B cells ✅ 14. The most HR is : - type l ✅ - type ll - type ll 15. penicillin g cause : - anaphylactoid - systemic anaphylaxis ✅ -.. 16. the most cytokine that cause bronchial asthma : - IL-4 ✅ 17. Desensitization is : الجواب كان انوا يتم تحفيز ال T1 بدل ال T2 18. heptens react with self protein inside the cell, than thay processed and presented to : - CD8+ association with MHC class 1 ✅ - CD4+ association with MHC class 2 - CD8+ association with MHC class 2 - CD4+ association with MHC class 1 19. Immune tolerance is: - unresponsiveness to self antigen but normally response to non-self antigen ✅ 20. All of the following is characteristic of peripheral and central tolerance except : - Release sequestration Ag✅ - .. 21. Antinuclear antibody (ANA) is : - more than antibody ✅ 22. Rheumatic heart disease result from : Molecular mimicry ✅ #إختبار_المناعة_37 #ترم_ثاني

1✨Envelope Have capsid No nucleocapsid Ether 2✨Oncogenic virus Human papilloma virus Herpis Simplex HCV 3✨Main character of measles Koplik's spots Maculopapular rash 4✨Chronic infection of  hepatitis Disappear after 6month HBSAg for more than 6month ✨5_Croup Parainfluenza ✨6Osltamivir and zonamivir Inhibition the release of virus ✨7dengue fever الحالة بالمحاضرة الذي فيها 2days ✨8Epstein barr virus atypical Paul bunnel test PCR 9✨ hepatitis A جاب أعراضه Alt Anti IGM ✨11&10 واحد عنده HCV + and anti HCV +anti واحد عنده HCV antibody+و HCV _ 11✨ ✨12&13 HBV ✨Chronic active وواحد شكلة acute ✨ 14✨HIV opportunistic infection سؤال في اخر المحاضرة 15 حق six disease✨ Rosela infantum 16_✨ negri inculosionv Rabies 17✨ antigenic shift Mutation in the same virus 18✨how HIV escape from immune system Increase CD4 Provirus integration 19✨liver biopsy Ag HBc HBe Ag HBsAb HBc Ab HB e Ab #إختبار_الفيروسات_37 #ترم_ثاني

بالنسبة لمقرر المناعة كتاب ال clinical فقط إلى عند ال tumor

هذا الكتاب ترم ثاني مصور تصوير واضح مشاركة الزميل محمد المقرمي

⭕️⭕️⭕️⭕️تجميعات نماذج

#second_term #bacteria 1- Diarrhea caused by Clostridium dificle is a common side effect of oral antibiotic therapy:- 1- true👍 2- false 2- Shaphylococcus epidermidis is one of the main normal flora of the human skin:- 1- true 👍 2- false 3-In post sexual reactive arthritis , ocular inflammation is not accompanied;- 1- true 2- false 👍 4-Reiter's syndrome the patients suffering from arthritis  urethritis and conjunctivitis:- 1- true 👍 2- false 5- Staphylococcus aureus is the main pathogenic species of staphylococcus genera:- 1- true 👍 2- false 6- MRSA is a strain of S.aureus sensitivity to methicillin, cloxacillin and flucloxacillin:- 1- true 2- false 👍 7- Haemophilus influenzae is gram negative short bacilli need X and V factors to grow:- 1- true 👍 2- false 8- Brucella is gram negative short bacilli cause Malta fever human infected by ingestion infected  milk:- 1- true 👍 2- false 9- Metronidazole is exceedingly effective against anaerobic bacteria, bactericidal and toxicity is low:- 1- true 👍 2- false 10- In women taking tetracycline’s antibiotics by mouth, the normal vaginal flora may be suppressed,  this lead to overgrowth of Candida and vaginal thrush:- 1- true 👍 2- false 11- In developing countries including Yemen, infection is still common: at least 50% of all illnesses for  which patients consult their doctors are infective:- 1- true 👍 2- false 12- steptocoocus mutans and lactobacillus are normal flora in the mouth 1- true 👍 2- false 13- Staphylococcus saprophyticus is a universal skin Commensally 1- true 2- false 👍 14- Streptococcus pyogenes causes (except one):- 1-Tonsillitis and pharyngitis 2-Peritonsillar abscess (quinsy) 3-Scarlet fever 4-Food poisoning👍 15-Post-streptococcal complications except one:  1-Impetigo 👍 2-Rheumatic fever 3-Glomerulonephritis 4-Erythema nodosum 16- VIBRIO CHOLERAE Sensitive to except one:-   1-macrolides (e.g. erythromycin) 2-ciprofloxacin 3-aminoglycoside antibiotics  4-penicillin👍 17- Clinical features of VIBRIO CHOLERAE except one  :- 1-Acute onset  2-incubation period from 6 h to 5 days 3-abdominal pain and diarrhoea: the diarrhoea which is typically of exceptional severity, progresses to  the continuous passage of 'rice water' stools; vomiting, dehydration, acidosis and collapse may follow;  some cases,  4-mild diarrhoea 👍 18- The most common gut flora is :- 1- Staph.epidermidis 2- Bacteroides 👍 3- Lactobacillus 4- Staph aureus 19- The most common mouth flora is :- 1- Strept.viridans 👍 2- Strept.pyogens 3- Lactobacillus 4- Staph aureus 20- Which one of the following is not common cause of PUO:- 1- Infective endocarditis 2- TB 3- Brucellosis 4- Plague👍 21- The main bacterial normal flora of Nose are except one:- 1-E.coli 👍 2-Staph.aureus 3-Staph.epidermidis 4-corynebacteria 22-The bacterial normal flora of the vagina is: - 1-Micrococcus 2-Lactobacillus  👍 3-Staph.epidermidis 4--corynebacteria  23-In PUO, patients must have except one:- 1-temperature over 40oC👍 2-temperature over 38oC  3-the fever persist for at least one week 4-No localizing signs  24- The most common cause of PUO is:- 1-Drug induce fever 2-Infections 👍 3-Connective tissue diseases 4-Neoplasm's 24-Which of the following is not true about Helicobacter pylori :- 1-it found closely associated with gastric mucosa 2- it is associated with gastritis 3-it plays role in gastric and duodenal ulceration 4-It is gram positive cocci 👍 25- in typhoid fever all true except:- 1- the classical widal test is clear to interpret, especially if the patient has been immunized with typhoid vaccine 👍 2- treatment of acut disease done by pencillin 👍 3- ciproflaxacine now the drug of choice in children patient 4- co-trimoxazole less good than chloramphenicol, but has less serious side effect هنا الإجابتين صحيحتان 26- in clinical features of typhoid fever all true except:-