🔥 JUDICIARY ACHIEVER🔥

Topics to be read from today's The Indian Express (16/01/24): 1. War, climate change, AI tops charts as world leaders meet in Davos (Page IV, THE WORLD) 2. Apart from fog, what else is behind delays at Delhi airport (Page V, Explained) 3. What latest inflation data say (Page V, Explained) 4. DAVOS SUMMIT (Page V, Explained) 5. Darjeeling zoo's snow leopards success: why wild cats are fussy breeders (Page V, Explained) 6. Modi and Putin discuss 'special strategic' ties, future roadmap (Page 1) 7. Jaishankar in Iran, discusses Chabahar, Red Sea attacks (Page 6) 8. Crisis can impact India as 80% of exports to Europe takes place via Red Sea: Official (Page 7, ECONOMY) 9. India's multidimensional poverty rate down to 11.28% in 2022-23 from 29.17% in 2013-14 (Page 7, ECONOMY) 10. A jab in time (Page 8, Editorial) 11. POLITICS OF DIPLOMACY (Page 8, Editorial) 12. A tectonic shift (Page 9, THE IDEAS PAGE) 13. In good hands (Page 9, THE IDEAS PAGE)

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🌟Shanti Bhushan v. Supreme Court of India Image shows latest figures of Constitution benches--- "Each ‘Chief Justice’ performs his role by consultation and consensus, after taking into account various factors including individual Judges’ interests and abilities, their specialisation in a particular area, their capacity to handle particular type of cases and many other relevant considerations. However, the exercise of such a power with wisdom has to be left to the ‘Chief Justice’ who is given the prerogative of the ‘Master of the Roster’." Primus inter pares and sui generis (unique) position of CJI gives him prerogative powers.

All the best to all Mpcj aspirants

👩‍⚖️👨‍⚖️ Remission Quashed #Case_brief 🌟 Division bench- B.V. Nagarathna, Ujjal Bhuyan 🌟 5 Issues were disccused ✅ Whether the petition filed by Bano, one of the victims, under Article 32 of the Constitution was maintainable❓ Answer - YES ✅ Whether the petitions filed as public interest litigation (PIL) petitions were maintainable (LOCUS STANDI)❓ Answer - Not Answered as not required because one of the victim, bilkis herself approached. ✅ What is the competence of the State of Gujarat to pass these remission order ❓ ✓ Direction was issued in a WRIT PETITION filed by one of the convicts, Radheshyam Shah, by SUPPRESSING MATERIAL FACTS like an earlier decision of the Gujarat High Court and the Opinion Of The Presiding Judge and making misleading statements. This decision was a nullity, inasmuch as it was hit by fraud and the doctrine of per incuriam, the court held. The Court also held that the Radheshyam Bhagwandas Shah @ Lala Vakil v. state of gujarat 2022 (which held that Gujarat Government was competent to decide remission) was per incuriam (lack of care) as it was contrary to the plain letter of the statute as well as binding judgments of the Supreme Court. Section 432 - This clearly means that the place of occurrence of the incidence or place of imprisonment are not relevant considerations, and they have been excluded from the definition of 432 CRPC The intent of legislature is that the appropriate government is of the state within which a convict was tried and sentenced. 💯 Image is shared below for Doctrine of Per incurium and Rule of Law Article Judgment predicted by me 😎 Really it was easy - ✅ Whether the impugned remission orders were in accordance with law❓ Answer- "The exercise of power by the State of Gujarat is an instance of usurpation of power and abuse of power. This is a classic case where the order of this court was used to violate the rule of law by granting remission. On that ground also, the remission orders deserve to be quashed," ✓✓ Very Important - Court criticised Gujarat Government for not taking review of this order (radheyshyam) This statement raises to things- Court should go deep inside the issue as well as think out of the box as it is the responsibility of the state to protect the rights of citizens, but that is not the case here. ✅ What would follow when the remission orders have been set aside❓(delicate issue) Bench considered- Rule of Law - Personal Liberty U/A 21 Justice Nagarathna asked- Can liberty be upheld in case of breach of Rule of Law❓ ✍️🌟 Role of constitutional courts in being a 'beacon' in upholding the rule of law, which she insisted, must be preserved "unmindful of the ripples of the consequences". ✓ Offcourse - Convicts to be sent back to jail 🧠 Reason- It is the duty of this court to correct arbitrary orders at the earliest and to retain the foundation of trust of the public...We cannot forget the conduct of the convicts, particularly, the one who had abused the process of this court. ---------------------------------------------- 📍👩‍👧👩‍👦Brief Facts ● 𝗗𝗮𝘁𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗺𝗲: March 3, 2002, during the Gujarat riots ● 𝗩𝗶𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗺: Bilkis Bano, a 19-year-old pregnant woman ● 𝗖𝗿𝗶𝗺𝗲: Gangrape of Bilkis Bano and murder of 14 family members. ● 𝗜𝗻𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗮𝗹 𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗮𝗹: Gujarat court acquitted all accused in 2003 ● 𝗧𝗿𝗮𝗻𝘀𝗳𝗲𝗿 𝘁𝗼 𝗠𝘂𝗺𝗯𝗮𝗶 𝗰𝗼𝘂𝗿𝘁: Retrial ordered by Supreme Court in 2004 ● 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘃𝗶𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: 11 men sentenced to life imprisonment in 2008 • High court of Gujarat Order 2020 • SC Writ Order (radheyshyam) (per incurium) 2022 • Remission granted by Gujarat government 15th Aug 2022 • SC final verdict --> Bilkis Yakub Rasool v. Union of India 2024

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🌟 Some Exceptions to Article 20(1) through Landmark Judgments. 1. Sunderaramier & Co. v. State of Andhra Pardes, AIR 1958 Similarly, a tax can be imposed retrospectively. 2. Jawala Ram v. Pepsu, AIR 1962 Imposing retrospectively special rates for unauthorized use of canal water is not hit by Art. 20(1). 3. Union of India v.Sukumar, 1966 Art. 20(1) does not make a right to any course of procedure a vested right. Thus, a law which retrospectively changes the venue of trial of an offence from a criminal court to an administrative tribunal is not hit by Art. 20(1). 4. Shiv Bahadur v. Vindhya Pardesh, AIR 1953 A change in court entitled to try an offence is not hit by Art. 20(1). 5. Sajjan singh v. state of punjab 1964 Similarly, a rule of evidence can be made applicable to the trial of an offence committed earlier. Can you mention any recent landmark case on Protection against Ex post facto laws❓

🌟 Some Exceptions to Article 20(1) through Landmark Judgments. 1. Sunderaramier & Co. v. State of Andhra Pardes, AIR 1958 Similarly, a tax can be imposed retrospectively. 2. Jawala Ram v. Pepsu, AIR 1962 Imposing retrospectively special rates for unauthorized use of canal water is not hit by Art. 20(1). 3. Union of India v.Sukumar, 1966 Art. 20(1) does not make a right to any course of procedure a vested right. Thus, a law which retrospectively changes the venue of trial of an offence from a criminal court to an administrative tribunal is not hit by Art. 20(1). 4. Shiv Bahadur v. Vindhya Pardesh, AIR 1953 A change in court entitled to try an offence is not hit by Art. 20(1). 5. Sajjan singh v. state of punjab 1964 Similarly, a rule of evidence can be made applicable to the trial of an offence committed earlier.

Can you mention any recent landmark case on Protection against Ex post facto laws❓

Happy new year everyone may this year is the bestest year of your keep hustuling ❤️

28 December 2023 Current Affairs In English & Hindi ➼ International Epidemic Preparedness Day will be celebrated on 27 December 2023. 27 दिसंबर 2023 को अंतर्राष्ट्रीय महामारी तैयारी दिवस मनाया जाएगा। ➼ Recently in Madhya Pradesh, the Governor has administered the oath of office to 28 BJP leaders. हाल ही में मध्य प्रदेश में राज्यपाल ने भाजपा के 28 नेताओं को मंत्री पद की शपथ दिलाई है | ➼ Recently Mr. Sanjay Nigam has been honored with “Zee Real Heroes Award”. हाल ही में श्री संजय निगम को “Zee Real Heroes Award” से सम्मानित किया गया है। ➼ Recently, India's defense production has crossed the Rs 1 lakh crore mark for the first time. हाल ही में भारत का रक्षा उत्पादन पहली बार 1 लाख करोड़ रुपये के आंकड़े को पार हुआ है। ➼ Recently Air India airline has received India's first Airbus A350 aircraft. हाल ही में एयर इंडिया एयरलाइन को भारत का पहला एयरबस A350 विमान प्राप्त हुआ है। ➼ Recently, the statue of former Prime Minister Charan Singh ji has been inaugurated by Yogi Adityanath ji. हाल ही में योगी आदित्यनाथ जी द्वारा पूर्व प्रधानमंत्री चरण सिंह जी का मूर्ति का उद्घाटन किया गया है। ➼ Recently HFCL has launched indigenously designed and developed 5G FWA CPE. हाल ही में HFCL ने स्वदेशी रूप से डिजाइन और विकसित 5G FWA CPE लॉन्च किया है। ➼ Recently Odisha state government has approved special security battalion for Jagannath temple. हाल ही में ओडिशा राज्य सरकार ने जगन्नाथ मंदिर के लिए विशेष सुरक्षा बटालियन को मंजूरी दे दी है। ➼ Recently black tiger has been seen in the state of Odisha. हाल ही में ओडिशा राज्य में ब्लैक टाइगर देखा गया है। ➼ Recently InCred company has achieved a valuation of more than $1 billion and has become the country's latest unicorn. हाल ही में InCred कंपनी ने 1 बिलियन डॉलर से अधिक का मूल्यांकन हासिल किया है और यह देश का नवीनतम यूनिकॉर्न बन गया है। ➼ Recently, Indian Railways will invest ₹7 trillion dollars to lay 50 thousand kilometers of new railway tracks in the next decade. हाल ही में भारतीय रेलवे अगले दशक में 50 हजार किलोमीटर नई रेल पटरियाँ बिछाने के लिए ₹7 ट्रिलियन डॉलर का निवेश करेगा। ➼ Recently, India's first high-speed railway trial track will be ready by October 2024. हाल ही में भारत का पहला हाई-स्पीड रेलवे ट्रायल ट्रैक अक्टूबर 2024 तक तैयार हो जाएगा। ➼ Recently Congress has lifted the ban on Hijab from Karnataka state under Sharia law. हाल ही में कांग्रेस ने शरिया कानून के तहत कर्नाटक राज्य से हिजाब से बैन हटाया है। ➼ According to data recently released by the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB), Hyderabad ranks first in the country in cases of food adulteration. Telangana is in second place, followed by Andhra Pradesh. हाल ही में राष्ट्रीय अपराध रिकॉर्ड ब्यूरो (NCRB) द्वारा जारी आंकड़ों के अनुसार, खाद्य पदार्थों में मिलावट के मामलों में हैदराबाद देश में पहले स्थान पर है। तेलंगाना दूसरे स्थान पर है, उसके बाद आंध्र प्रदेश है। ➼ Recently, Union Minister of Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), Shri Kiren Rijiju flagged off India's first winter scientific expedition to the Arctic from MoES Headquarters in New Delhi. हाल ही में पृथ्वी विज्ञान मंत्रालय (एमओईएस) के केंद्रीय मंत्री श्री किरेन रिजिजू ने नई दिल्ली में एमओईएस मुख्यालय से आर्कटिक के लिए भारत के पहले शीतकालीन वैज्ञानिक अभियान को हरी झंडी दिखाई।

28 December 2023 Current Affairs In English & Hindi ➼ Recently, the Indian women's cricket team has achieved its first Test cricket victory over Australia. हाल ही में भारतीय महिला क्रिकेट टीम ने ऑस्ट्रेलिया देश पर पहली टेस्ट क्रिकेट जीत हासिल की है। ➼ Recently Anmol Kharb has won the women's singles title in the National Badminton Championship 2023. हाल ही में राष्ट्रीय बैडमिंटन चैंपियनशिप 2023 में महिला एकल का खिताब अनमोल खरब ने जीता है। ➼ Recently, the country's first AI City will be constructed in Lucknow city. हाल ही में लखनऊ शहर में देश की पहली एआई सिटी का निर्माण किया जाएगा। ➼ Recently China has banned the export of rare earth processing technologies. हाल ही में चीन देश ने दुर्लभ पृथ्वी प्रसंस्करण प्रौद्योगिकियों के निर्यात पर प्रतिबंध लगा दिया है। ➼ Recently “Intra – District Helicopter Service” has been inaugurated in the state of Uttar Pradesh. हाल ही में उत्तर प्रदेश राज्य में “Intra – District Helicopter Service” का उद्घाटन किया गया है। ➼ Recently, the Indian Navy has commissioned INS Imphal in Mumbai on 26 December 2023. हाल ही में भारतीय नौसेना ने मुंबई में INS इंफाल का जलावतरण 26 दिसंबर 2023 को किया है। ➼ Recently the World Bank has provided $1.34 billion assistance to Ukraine. हाल ही में विश्व बैंक ने यूक्रेन को 1.34 बिलियन डॉलर की सहायता प्रदान की है। ➼ Recently, Manipur State Government has launched SAANS Campaign 2023-24 for the prevention of pneumonia. हाल ही में निमोनिया की रोकथाम के लिए मणिपुर राज्य सरकार ने SAANS अभियान 2023-24 की शुरुआत की है। ➼ Recently Chirag Sen has won the men's singles title in “National Badminton Championship 2023”. हाल ही में “National Badminton Championship 2023” में पुरुष एकल का खिताब चिराग़ सेन ने जीता है। ➼ Recently Techno Smartphone has appointed Deepika Padukone as its brand ambassador. हाल ही में टेक्नो स्मार्टफोन ने दीपिका पादुकोण को अपना ब्रांड एंबेसडर नियुक्त किया है।

28 December 2023 Current Affairs 1. नये टेनिस बॉल टी-10 क्रिकेट टूर्नामेंट का नाम क्या है ? ➼ इंडियन स्ट्रीट प्रीमियर लीग (ISPL) व्याख्या :- • सूर्या इंडियन स्ट्रीट प्रीमियर लीग में चेन्नई टीम के मालिक बने। 2. हाल ही में नाम बदलने के बाद अयोध्या जंक्शन रेलवे स्टेशन का नया नाम क्या है ? ➼ अयोध्या धाम स्टेशन व्याख्या :- • राम मंदिर उद्घाटन से पहले, अयोध्या रेलवे स्टेशन का नाम बदलकर इंडियन रेलवे कॉन्फ्रेंस एसोसिएशन द्वारा रखा गया है। 3. अगले वर्ष मार्च तक केंद्र सरकार के पेंशनभोगियों से डिजिटल जीवन प्रमाणपत्र प्राप्त करने के लिए सरकार ने क्या लक्ष्य निर्धारित किया है ? ➼ 50 लाख डिजिटल जीवन प्रमाणपत्र व्याख्या :- • सरकार ने मार्च 2024 तक केंद्र सरकार के पेंशनभोगियों द्वारा 50 लाख डिजिटल जीवन प्रमाणपत्र का लक्ष्य रखा है। 4. हाल ही में किस देश ने लॉन्ग मार्च-11 वाहक रॉकेट को सफलतापूर्वक अंतरिक्ष में लॉन्च किया ? ➼ चीन व्याख्या :- • चीन ने लॉन्ग मार्च-11 कैरियर रॉकेट को सफलतापूर्वक अंतरिक्ष में लॉन्च किया। 5. हाल ही में किस संगठन ने “भारत का क्रिप्टो पोर्टफोलियो 2023” रिपोर्ट प्रकाशित की है ? ➼ कॉइनस्विच व्याख्या :- • कॉइनस्विच ने अपनी रिपोर्ट में उल्लेख किया है कि 20% से अधिक क्रिप्टो निवेश दिल्ली, बैंगलोर और मुंबई में केंद्रित हैं। 6. हाई-स्पीड वंदे भारत ट्रेनों के स्लीपर संस्करण का नाम क्या है ? ➼ अमृत भारत एक्सप्रेस व्याख्या :- • पीएम मोदी 30 दिसंबर को ‘अमृत भारत एक्सप्रेस’ का उद्घाटन करेंगे। 7. हाल ही में भारतीय रिजर्व बैंक ने कोटक महिंद्रा बैंक के अध्यक्ष के रूप में किसे मंजूरी दी है ? ➼ सी.एस. राजन व्याख्या :- • भारतीय रिजर्व बैंक ने हाल ही में कोटक महिंद्रा बैंक के अध्यक्ष के रूप में सी.एस. राजन की नियुक्ति को मंजूरी दे दी है। 8. विकसित भारत संकल्प यात्रा के अंतर्गत किस राज्य में 3439 जनसंवाद कार्यक्रम आयोजित किये गये हैं ? ➼ हरियाणा व्याख्या :- • विकसित भारत संकल्प यात्रा के तहत पूरे हरियाणा में 3439 स्थानों पर जनसंवाद कार्यक्रम आयोजित किये गये। 9. विकसित भारत संकल्प यात्रा का प्राथमिक उद्देश्य क्या है ? ➼ सरकारी कल्याणकारी योजनाओं का प्रचार करना व्याख्या :- • विकसित भारत संकल्प यात्रा के तहत पूरे हरियाणा में 3439 स्थानों पर जनसंवाद कार्यक्रम आयोजित किये गये। 10. हाल ही में किस भारतीय राज्य ने राज्य सार्वजनिक उपक्रमों में पारदर्शी नौकरी भर्ती प्रक्रियाओं के लिए एक स्वायत्त बोर्ड का उद्घाटन किया ? ➼ केरल व्याख्या :- • केरल के मुख्यमंत्री ने राज्य सार्वजनिक उपक्रमों में पारदर्शी नौकरी भर्ती प्रक्रियाओं के लिए नए बोर्ड का उद्घाटन किया।

13. State's Responsibility for Implementation: After the establishment of POCSO Rules, 2020, it falls to the state to be the main stakeholder in ensuring the strict implementation of these directives. 👨‍👩‍👦‍👦 We the Women of India v UOI 2023

Need for support person should not be left to the discretion of the parents.

#Section_39_of_POCSO

🏆🔥 Bachpan Bachao Andolan v. Union of India 2023 🤝 Key Directives by the SC on Support Persons. 1. Comprehensive Assessment of Support Persons Ecosystem: The state is required to assess its capabilities regarding the support persons ecosystem, including aspects related to their selection, appointment, specialized rules, guidelines, Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), training, career progression, and employment terms. 2. Participation of relevant authorities for such assessment: “For carrying out such assessment, the presence of the Chairperson, of the State Commission for the Protection of Child Rights (SCPCR), Secretary, State Legal Service Authority, senior-most President of a JJB and senior-most Chairperson of a CWC in the state, and a representative from the State Commission for Women shall be required.” the court outlined. 3. Data Collection from District Child Protection Unit: The District Child Protection Unit (DCPU) is required to provide details about the support persons it maintains according to Rule 5(1). This list should encompass individuals or organizations engaged in child rights or protection, officials of children’s homes or shelter homes, and other eligible individuals per Rule 5(6). 4. Guidelines and Training: Following consultations, rules or guidelines must be established concerning the educational qualifications and training prerequisites for support persons. 5. Periodic Training of all personnel: The directives emphasize that the DCPU or CWC must organize periodic training sessions for all support persons in their directory. This training should cover not only legal and court procedures under the POCSO Act but also effective communication and sensitivity in dealing with children of diverse backgrounds. 6. Reporting Mechanism Establishment: The Authorities are mandated to establish a robust and effective reporting mechanism. This will enable support persons to send monthly reports to the concerned Child Welfare Committee (CWC) as per Rule 4(12). These reports will then be compiled and submitted to the SCPCR and the state government. 7. Standard Operating Procedure (SOP): The Court emphasized the creation of an SOP to guide the reporting process to ensure the proper execution of Rule 12 of the POCSO Rules, 2020. It will facilitate reporting by respective CWCs, including the engagement of support persons in trials and inquiries. A monthly review of this information by the SCPCR is also mandated. This SOP should be shared with Juvenile Justice Boards and Child Welfare Committees to ensure uniformity in response. 8. Role of Support Persons: The court recognized the challenging nature of victim interactions, especially in hostile environments. 9. Remuneration of Support persons to be commensurate with Qualification and Experience: While the rules stipulate payment for support persons akin to skilled workers, the Supreme Court has highlighted the need for remuneration to be aligned with qualifications and experience. The court explained, “For example- someone who’s done his MA in psychology- their Salaries should be like a person with a comparable qualification in PSU/govt sector.” 10. Model Guidelines and Precedent Consideration: “For framing of guidelines, Model guidelines prepared prior to POCSO rules may be considered,” the court said. 11. Comprehensive Victim Support: The Supreme Court observed that justice transcends apprehending the culprits; it is equally important to ensure victims receive proper care, support, and security throughout the entire legal process. It observed that “In cases of Crimes against women, justice is not served merely by nabbing the culprit but the support care and security to the victim by the state during entire process”. 12. Role of Support Institutions: Stressing the vital role of support institutions, the court emphasized that true justice is achieved when victims are reintegrated into society with their dignity and worth restored. To be continued.....

🎯 19 December 2023 Current Affairs  🎯 Which British Indian musician has recently been included in the 2024 Booker Prize judging panel? हाल ही में किस ब्रिटिश भारतीय संगीतकार को 2024 बुकर पुरस्कार निर्णायक पैनल में शामिल किया गया है ? Answer: — Nitin Sahni/नितिन साहनी Recently which state government will establish PM College of Excellence in all the districts? हाल ही में कौनसी राज्य सरकार सभी जिलों में PM कॉलेज ऑफ़ एक्सीलेंस स्थापित करेगी ? Answer: — Madhya Pradesh/मध्य प्रदेश In which city was the FIH Hockey Awards Junior World Cup 2023 held recently? हाल ही में FIH हॉकी पुरस्कार जूनियर विश्वकप 2023 किस शहर में आयोजित किया गया ? Answer: — Kualalumpur/क्वालालंपुर Recently BCCI has recommended Arjuna Award for which cricketer? हाल ही में BCCI ने किस क्रिकेटर के लिए अर्जुन अवार्ड की सिफारिश की है ? Answer: — Mohammed Shami/मोहम्मद शमी Recently the Chief Minister of which state has launched the scheme for 'doorstep services'? हाल ही में किस राज्य के मुख्यमंत्री ने ‘डोरस्टेप सेवाओं’ के लिए योजना शुरू की है ? Answer: — Punjab/पंजाब Recently, Xavier Miley was sworn in as the President of which country? हाल ही में जेवियर माइली ने किसे देश के राष्ट्रपति के रूप में शपथ ली है ? Answer: — Argentina/अर्जेंटीना Recently in which country thousands of people have been affected by Cyclone 'Jasper'? हाल ही में किस देश में चक्रवात ‘जेस्पर’ से हजारों लोग प्रभावित हुए है ? Answer: — Australia/ऑस्ट्रेलिया Recently Gaddam Prasad has been elected as the new Assembly Speaker of which state? हाल ही में गद्दाम प्रसाद को किस राज्य का नया विधानसभा अध्यक्ष चुना गया है ? Answer: — Telangana/तेलंगाना Recently, in which state iPhone maker Foxconn will invest 1.67 billion dollars? हाल ही में आईफोन निर्माता फोक्स्कोन किस राज्य में 1.67 बिलियन डॉलर्स का निवेश करेंगे ? Answer: — Karnataka/कर्नाटक