VK IAS - (Science and technology)
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Science and tech articles Repository of @hinduhighlights - for upsc cse mains and @upschighlights- for upsc prelims exam Admin : @vikas_kanukollu
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Network:📈 Analytical overview of Telegram channel VK IAS - (Science and technology)
Channel VK IAS - (Science and technology) (@sciencehighlights) in the English language segment is an active participant. Currently, the community unites 22 611 subscribers, ranking 8 617 in the Education category and 24 445 in the India region.
📊 Audience metrics and dynamics
Since its creation on невідомо, the project has demonstrated rapid growth, gathering an audience of 22 611 subscribers.
According to the latest data from 07 April, 2025, the channel demonstrates stable activity. Although there has been a change in the number of participants by -175 over the last 30 days and by 0 over the last 24 hours, overall reach remains high.
- Verification status: Not verified
- Engagement rate (ER): The average audience engagement rate is 0%. Within the first 24 hours after publication, content typically collects N/A% reactions from the total number of subscribers.
- Post reach: On average, each post receives 0 views. Within the first day, a publication typically gains 0 views.
- Reactions and interaction: The audience actively supports content: the average number of reactions per post is 0.
📝 Description and content policy
The author describes the resource as a platform for expressing subjective opinions:
“Science and tech articles Repository of @hinduhighlights - for upsc cse mains and
@upschighlights- for upsc prelims exam
Admin : @vikas_kanukollu”
Thanks to the high frequency of updates (latest data received on 08 April, 2025), the channel maintains relevance and a high level of publication reach. Analytics show that the audience actively interacts with content, making it an important point of influence in the Education category.
22 611
Subscribers
No data24 hours
-87 days
-17530 days
Posts Archive
#SnT
✅Tropospheric Emissions Monitoring of Pollution (TEMPO)
🅾️What?- An instrument that will allow scientists to monitor air pollutants and their emission sources from space more comprehensively than ever before- by NASA-using SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket
🅾️A unique feature of TEMPO- hosted on an Intelsat communications satellite in geostationary orbit.Existing pollution-monitoring satellites are in low Earth orbit, which means they can only provide observations once a day at a fixed time.“Geostationary orbit is a common orbit for weather satellites and communications satellites, but an air quality instrument measuring gases hadn’t been there yet
🅾️TEMPO will match the rotation of the Earth, meaning it will stay over the same location — North America — at all times.
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✅PHA plastics
⚠️PHA (polyhydroxyalkanoates) plastic is a type of biodegradable plastic that is made from renewable resources, such as plant starches and oils. In contrast, traditional plastic is typically made from non-renewable resources, such as petroleum.
🅾️Plastics can also be produced from starch, a natural polymer. Microorganisms transform this natural polymer to lactic acid, which is chemically treated to produce a plastic, polylactide (PLA)- Another option for sustainable plastics-But this is an expensive method.
🅾️Biodegradable plastic products currently in the market are about two to 10 times more expensive than traditional plastics. Unlike production of PLA and PHA made by fermentation, producing PLA through crops will involve competition for land needed to grow crops for human consumption.
👆 solve this question-click here
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✅Applications of piezoelectric effect
🅾️Ultrasonic imaging
🅾️Energy harvesting: Piezoelectric materials can convert mechanical energy, such as vibrations and pressure, into electrical energy.
🅾️Sensors and actuators:- In devices such as inkjet printers, where they control the flow of ink onto the paper.
🅾️Industrial manufacturing: precision machining, welding, and bonding- automotive industry to control the fuel injection system and the suspension system.
🅾️Musical instruments: Piezoelectric materials are used in musical instruments, such as electric guitars and violins
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✅IndEA (Indian Enterprise Architecture)
🅾️What?- framework to establish a common language, standards, and practices for government departments and agencies-for achieving interoperability, standardization, and optimization of government services.
🔰4 main components:
⚜️Business Architecture: This component defines the business functions, processes, capabilities, and goals of the organization.
⚜️Data Architecture: This component defines the data structures, formats, and standards used by the organization to store and manage information.
⚜️Application Architecture: This component defines the software applications used by the organization and how they interact with each other and with other systems.
⚜️Technology Architecture: This component defines the hardware, networks, and infrastructure required to support the organization's IT systems.
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Repost from VK IAS- prelims (UPSC highlights)
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✅India’s First DNA Vaccine for Dengue-CYD-TDV or Dengvaxia
🅾️What?- type of vaccine that uses a small piece of DNA-injected directly into the body's cells, where it instructs the cells to produce the antigen.
🅾️The ZyCoV-D is the world's first and India's indigenously developed DNA based vaccine for COVID-19.
🅾️Dengue is a mosquito-borne tropical disease-caused by the dengue virus (Genus Flavivirus), transmitted by several species of mosquito within the genus Aedes, principally Aedes aegypti.
⚠️This mosquito also transmits chikungunya and Zika infection.
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Repost from VK IAS- prelims (UPSC highlights)
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✅Gluconeogenesis in hummingbirds
🅾️Context : Recent study -hummingbirds lost the gene (FBP2)- imp for Gluconeogenesis which is a process that transforms non-carbohydrate to glucose- i.e. regarding metabolism
🅾️Practical significance : This unique metabolism can help us in innovations that can deal with therapeutic applications like dealing with diabetes
⚜️Hummingbird is comparable to Indian sunbird-Indian Sunbirds
‼️⚠️How to link geography and environment with history?-
🎖sunbirds -critical pollinators of the ‘Flame of the Forest’ a leguminous tree- native to Eastern India and Myanmar
‼️ The Battle of Plassey was fought in the town of Palashi, named after the Palash tree/ also called modugu tree- Produces lac and its leaves can be used to make eco-friendly plates -Imp keystone species in the local ecosystem
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Repost from VK IAS- prelims (UPSC highlights)
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✅ALMA telescope-Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA)
🅾️What are some of the other important millimetre telescopes around the world?
⚜️Large Millimeter Telescope Alfonso Serrano (LMT): Located in Mexico, the LMT is the world's largest single-dish millimetre telescope
⚜️James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT): Located on the summit of Mauna Kea in Hawaii=can observe, the structure of the Milky Way
⚜️South Pole Telescope (SPT)- Scott South Pole Station in Antarctica
⚜️Submillimeter Array (SMA): Located atop Mauna Kea in Hawaii
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Repost from VK IAS- prelims (UPSC highlights)
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✅James Webb Space Telescope:
🅾️Background : Click here
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Repost from VK IAS- prelims (UPSC highlights)
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✅Male contraceptives- The funda behind the news
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Repost from VK IAS- prelims (UPSC highlights)
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✅Gs-3 : Science and technology- space- Roche limit
🅾️Here is a simple analogy to understand it : imagine a group of people holding hands in a circle, with each person representing a particle of a celestial body. As they hold hands, they form a cohesive, stable structure. However, if someone outside the circle were to pull with enough force, the cohesive structure would start to break down, with particles at the edge of the circle being pulled away from the center.
🅾️Similarly, a celestial body has its own internal gravitational forces that hold it together, while external forces, such as the gravitational pull of another celestial body, can disrupt the internal cohesion. The Roche limit is the distance at which the external forces are strong enough to overcome the internal forces
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✅North star
🅾️What is North star?
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✅M1 Abrams
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✅ Laws regulating space junk.
🅾️What is space junk?- Usually the core or first stage of a rocket is made up of heavy pieces that usually don’t reach orbit after liftoff, and fall back safely along a near-precise projected trajectory- Guiding them back without much damage requires the satellite makers to incur some costs- which they try to avoid. Parts of a SpaceX Falcon 9 that fell down in Indonesia in 2016 included two “refrigerator-sized fuel tanks”. That could have killed many people.
🅾️Liability convention, 1972- Click here
⚠️However, there is no law against space junk crashing back to earth.
⚠️Imp. trivia- The only settlement using the Liability Convention was between the erstwhile Soviet Union and Canada over debris of Soviet Cosmos 954 falling in a barren region.
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✅kinetic ASAT tests
🅾️What? - United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) passed a resolution calling for a ban on kinetic ASAT tests.
⚜️According to a document of the United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR), ASATs (Anti-Satellite Weapons) are aimed at destroying or disabling space assets, whether military or civilian, offensive or defensive.
🅾️Those who voted against the resolution: Belarus, Bolivia, Central African Republic, China, Cuba, Iran, Nicaragua, Russia, and Syria.
🅾️They are generally of two types: kinetic and non-kinetic:
➡️Kinetic ASATs: ballistic missiles, drones or any item launched to coincide with the passage of a target satellite
➡️Non-kinetic ASATs:Frequency jamming, blinding lasers or cyberattacks( non physical means)
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✅HAKUTO Lunar exploration Mission -Japan’s ispace Launches World’s First Commercial Moon Lander
🅾️Chronology till chang e 5
🅾️Artemis 1 Mission- Click here
🅾️What is Ispace?- The ispace is a privately funded organization based in Tokyo. It shares a contract with NASA to ferry payloads to the lunar surface from the year 2025. It aims to create a permanently staffed lunar colony by the year 2040.
⚠️Important point- First company ( i.e. private organisation ) to aim for soft landing on the moon- previously, Russia, China, and the United States did it .
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✅GS-2 : Health- cancer- CAR-T cell therapy
Also read :
🅾️Status of cancer incidence in India and the government Initiatives- click here
📍Some important news issues wrt cancer
🅾️Carboplatin- Click here
🅾️ Biotechnology- PACs for cancer treatment - Click here
⚜️In 2017- Yescarta therapy was in news- Understanding it can be helpful in solving Biotechnology questions in prelims- click here
🅾️Cancer Gene map- Click here
🔰Science and Tech news : https://t.me/sciencehighlights
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✅Gs-3 : Science and technology
🅾️Water pollution- how to resolve this?- IISER innovation
🔰Science and Tech news : https://t.me/sciencehighlights
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✅Gs-3 : Science and technology- Satellites Reentry and the hazards
⚠️Most important point for prelims : There is no international binding agreement to ensure rocket stages always perform controlled re-entries nor on the technologies with which to do so.
⚠️The Liability Convention, 1972 requires countries to pay for damages, not prevent them.-defines responsibility in case a space object causes harm-treaty says that a launching State shall be absolutely liable to pay compensation for damage caused by its space objects on the surface of the earth or to aircraft, and liable for damage due to its faults in space.
‼️Also imp for prelims- The Kessler Syndrome- It is a theoretical scenario in which Earth's orbit is overpopulated with objects and debris, preventing the use of satellites in certain sections of Earth's orbit.
🔰S&T news : t.me/sciencehighlights
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