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BASIC CONCEPTS OF JAVA:-

WHAT IS THE CORRECT OUTPUT OF THE SNIPPET CODE?

LESSON 12: POLYMORPHISM The word polymorphism means having many forms. In simple words, we can define polymorphism as the ability of a message to be displayed in more than one form. Types of polymorphism In Java , polymorphism is mainly divided into two types: i.Compile-time Polymorphism 💎This type of polymorphism is achieved by function overloading or operator overloading. But Java doesn’t support the Operator Overloading. ii.Runtime Polymorphism ❤️‍🔥It is a process in which a function call to the overridden method is resolved at Runtime. This type of polymorphism is achieved by Method Overriding. >💗 Java program to demostrate polymorphism

class Parent {
 
    // Method of parent class
    void Print()
    {
 
        // Print statement
        System.out.println("parent class");
    }
}
 

// Helper class
class subclass2 extends Parent {
 
    // Method
    void Print()
    {
 
        // Print statement
        System.out.println("subclass2");
    }
}
 
// Class 4
// Main class
class GFG {
 
    // Main driver method
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
 
        // Creating object of class 1
        Parent a;
 
        // Now we will be calling print methods
        // inside main() method
 
        a = new subclass1();
        a.Print();
 
      
    }
}

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LESSON 11: ENCAPSULATION ✅Encapsulation is defined as the wrapping up of data under a single unit. It is the mechanism that binds together code and the data it manipulates. Another way to think about encapsulation is, it is a protective shield that prevents the data from being accessed by the code outside this shield. Following is an example that demonsrates how to achieve encapsualtion in java: /* File name : EncapTest.java */

public class EncapTest {
   private String name;
   private String idNum;
   private int age;

   public int getAge() {
      return age;
   }

   public String getName() {
      return name;
   }

   public String getIdNum() {
      return idNum;
   }

   public void setAge( int newAge) {
      age = newAge;
   }

   public void setName(String newName) {
      name = newName;
   }

   public void setIdNum( String newId) {
      idNum = newId;
   }
}

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LESSON 10: Creating objects in java ✳️An object is a basic unit of Object-Oriented Programming and represents the real life entities. It consists of:- ⚜️State means the attributes. ⚜️Behavior means the methods of an object. ⚜️Identity means the unique name to an object. the four ways of creating objects in java 1. using new key word //Test t = new Test(); 2. Using Class.forName( String className) method;

  Test obj = (Test)Class.forName("com.p1.Test").newInstance();

3. using clone() method /Test t = new Test(); Test t2 = (Test)t1.clone(); 4. Deserialization it is is technique of reading an object from the saved state in a file. ✅example using the first way:

 class Animal {}

class Dog extends Animal {}
class Cat extends Animal {}

public class Test
{
    // using Dog object
    Animal obj = new Dog();

    // using Cat object
    obj = new Cat();
}       

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LESSON 9: CONSTRUCTORS in Java ✳️ A constructor in Java is a special method that is used to initialize objects. The constructor is called when an object of a class is created. It can be used to set initial values for object attributes. How Constructors are Different From Methods in Java? ❤️ Constructors must have the same name as the class within which it is defined while it is not necessary for the method in Java. ❤️Constructors do not return any type while method(s) have the return type or void if does not return any value. ❤️Constructors are called only once at the time of Object creation while method(s) can be called any number of times. Example: look the sample code having two constructors;

package ubJapro1;
//import java.util.*;


public class Firsta {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    
  Firsta2 firs  = new Firsta2("ashe",34,76.4);// constructor 1
  Firsta2 firs2  = new Firsta2("asegid",32,70.4);// constructor 2
  
   System.out.println(firs.name+" is your name.");
  
    firs2.home();
   
  }
  
    
    
    
      
  }

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