Science of Cosmos

NASA Live: Launch of James Webb The Webb space telescope will launch on an Ariane 5 rocket from the Guiana Space Center in Kourou, French Guiana at 12 20 GMT. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=21X5lGlDOfg

What causes molecular clouds to collapse? Stars ✨ form in cold, dense regions of space called molecular clouds. When the force of gravity pulling in on the cloud is greater than the strength of internal pressure pushing out, the cloud collapses into a protostar. Generally what cause the molecular cloud collapse is the gravitational attraction between the molecule. Join and share: 👉 @scienceQM

Molecular cloud ☁️ Molecular cloud is an interstellar cloud of gas and dust in which molecules can form, the most common of which is hydrogen (H2). Join and share: 👉 @scienceQM

Baby Boom: The most active star making galaxy Galaxy is sprawling system of dust, gas, dark matter, planet and stars bound together by gravitational attraction. Each galaxy differ from each other it can be size difference, shape or their rate of star formation. • Star formation rate ✨ For now we will focus on star formation rate of galaxies. Star formation is a process by which a molecular cloud in interstellar space also called “stellar nurseries”, become so dense that it collapses creating a star. Star formation rate is how much star are produced in a year or in a certain period of time (but in this case star formation rate is the rate of star formation per year). Baby Boom Galaxy Some galaxies have a higher star formation rate compared to other galaxy. Galaxies that undergo an exponentially high rate of star formation are called Star-Burst Galaxy. Most of star-burst galaxies are believed to be the result of two galaxies collision, the collision might cause the gas to become denser and more compress increasing the rate of star formation. The most active star making galaxy is the galaxy nicknamed “Baby Boom Galaxy (BBG)”, the galaxy churning out an average of up to 4,000 stars per year, more than 100 times the number of stars produced in our own Milky Way galaxy per year. It was spotted 12.3 billion light-years away by a suite of telescopes, including NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope. It is believed that the BBG is formed due to the collision of two galaxies. As the galaxies smash together, gas becomes compressed, triggering the birth of stars. "This galaxy is undergoing a major baby boom, producing most of its stars all at once," said Peter Capak of NASA's Spitzer Science Center at the California Institute of Technology. "If our human population was produced in a similar boom, then almost all of the people alive today would be the same age." To that, the principal investigator of the Cosmic Evolution Surveyor, Nick Scoville of Caltech responded: "We may be witnessing, for the first time, the formation of one of the most massive elliptical galaxies in the universe." Join and share: 👉 @scienceQM

Quantum electrodynamics QED, quantum field theory of the interactions of charged particles with the electromagnetic field. It describes mathematically not only all interactions of light with matter but also those of charged particles with one another.  Join and share: 👉 @scienceQM

Electromagnetic force: QED Electromagnetic force is the unification of/ the merging of electrostatic force⚡️with magnetic force 🧲. Both are related to one another because of there is electricity there will be a magnetic field around it, and vice versa. But how? • If a current flow through a wire it will create a magnetic field. And we can detect this by puting a compass near a wire(with electricity flowing through it). • A moving magnet near a wire will create an induced current (electricity) by making the electrons inside a wire move. And this why electricity and magnetism are related to each other. In 1800s physicist James Clerk Maxwell unify the two concepts( electricity and magnetism) in to one theory named electromagnetism, the combination of the two forces create an electromagnetic wave which move through space as wave and at the speed of light (3×10⁸ m/s), light is a form of electromagnetic wave. In the mid 20th century, this force was quantified and the theory was able to describe the behavior of electromagnetic waves at quantum scale, this theory is named quantum electrodynamics. Which state that electromagnetic force is the result of the exchange of light particle or photon between two charged particle. Join and share: 👉 @scienceQM

Electromagnetic force and Quantum ElectroDynamics (QED) Join: @scienceQM

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Sun Light ☀️ It takes a photon up to 40,000 years to travel from the core of the sun to its surface because photon collides with other atoms in it journey to the surface of the sun, but only 8 minutes to travel the rest of the way to Earth. Join: @scienceQM