Quiz[ Dev Hooda ]

Centrioles - cartwheel like organisation 69. Nucleus discovered in 1831 by Robert brown - basic dye - chromatin 70. Nuclear pores - passage for movement of RNA and proteins in both directions ( N to C & C to N ) 71. Active site for synthesis of RNA is nucleolus 72. Per chromosome there re 2 kinetochore & 1 centromere 73. Short arm is “p” and long arm is “q” 74. Non staining secondary constriction - satellite 75. Microbodies - minute vesicles - contain various enzymes - present both in plants & animals

Cell : NCERT imp questions (Dev Hooda) 1. GN Ramachandran - founder of madras school - of conformational analysis of bio polymers 2. He also discovered triple helical structure of collagen - nature in 1954 3. He gave - Ramachandran plot 4. Schwann 1st reported the thin outer layer - today known as plasma membrane 5. Schwann concluded that presence of cell wall is unique character of plants 6. Schwann proposed the hypothesis that animals and plants are composed of cells and products of cells 7. Schleiden and Schwann - formulated cell theory 8. All cells arise from pre existing cells - rudolf Virchow 9. Cytoplasm - semi fluid matrix 10. Mycoplasmas - 0.3um 11. Avg bacteria size - 3-5um 12. RBC - 7um in diameter 13. PPLO - 0.1um 14. Virus - 0.02 - 0.2 um 15. Ek cell - 10-20 um 16. Each layer of cell envelop performs distinct function but Together act as single protective unit 17. Glycocalyx - can be - slime layer or thick capsule 18. Plasma membrane & tonoplast - selectively permeable 19. Mesosomes - membranous extensions - forms - vesicles tubules lamellae - help in cell wall formation DNA replication distribution of daughter cells 20. Also help in respiration, secretion, increase surface area, enzymatic content 21. Chromatophore - mesosomes broken down into cytoplasm found in Cyanobacteria 22. Flagella filamentous extensions of cell wall 23. Pili and fimbrae - no role in motility 24. Pili - aid in conjugation 25. Fimbriae - bristle like - attach to rocks 26. Ribosomes - 15 - 20 nm in size 27. Inclusion bodies - pk - phosphate granules , cynaophycean granules , glycogen granules 28. Gas vacuoles - BG algae , purple and green photosynthetic bacteria 29. Membranous but not cellulosic - gas vacuoles , sulphure granules , poly b hydroxy butyrate 30. Plant cell - cell wall , large central vacuole and plastids 31. Animal cells - centrioles absent in almost all plant cells 32. Electron microscope- 1950s 33. RBC - 52% proteins and 40% lipids 34. Cholesterol- helps in stability of membrane 35. Conc of ions Inide cell - K>Na>Ca and Outside - Ca>Na>K 36. Lateral movement - shown by - lipids and proteins(major) 37. Flip flop moment - rarely lipids and never proteins 38. Alagal cell wall - cellulose galactans mannans caco3 etc 39. ER divides intracellulair space into luminal and extra luminal 40. RER - protein synthesis and secretion 41. SER - lipids and steroidal hormones 42. Densely stained reticular structure near nucleus- Golgi apparatus 43. Golgi - many cisternae - each diameter - 0.5 -1 um 44. Cis - forming - convex 45. Trans - maturing - concave 46. Hydrolses - lipases , proteases , carbohydrases - active at acidic pH 47. Conc of ions is higher in vacuole ( active transport of ions ) 48. Contractile vacuole - osmoregulation and excretion 49. Mitochondria - diameter - 0.2 - 1 um , length 1 -4.1 um 50. Mitochondria - single ds circular DNA + Ribosomes (70s) 51. It divide by fission 52. Plastids are larger than Mitochondria 53. They are present in plants and euglenoids 54. Chromoplast - carotenoids - fat soluble - eg carotene and xanthophyll 55. Outter membrane of both Mito and plastids is relatively more permeable than inner membrane 56. 70s ribosomes - 50s( 5s , 23s + 21 proteins ) + 30s( 16s + 33 proteins) 57. 80s ribosomes - 60s ( 5s , 5.8s , 28s ) + 40s ( 18s) + 80 types of proteins 58. Here S - Svedberg constant - sedimentation coefficient it is indirect measure of density & size 59. Cytoskeleton- proteinaceous structure - microtubules microfilaments & intermediate filaments 60. Function - support motility nd maintanance of cell shape 61. Cilia & flagella - (9+2) - both help in motility 62. Centrioles- (9+0) 63. Both pk and Ek have flagella but different structure 64. Core is called axoneme - microtubules running parallel to the long axis 65. Axoneme - have 9 doublets 66. Centrosomes contain two cylinderical centrioles mutually perpendicular 67. Have triplet - evenly placed at 40° 68.

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