Clinical Qbank(2nd year Subjects)

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315 ) Ans. (b)HyperparathyroidismMEN IIB • MTC • Pheochromocytoma • Mucosal and gastrointestinal neuromas • Marfanoid features 🎲For  more questions join @secondyearmbbsquestions and attend Live Quizzes @PrepNEXT at 9:30P.M Daily!!

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314 ) Ans. (b) Clostridium tetani • Clostridium tetani is a gram positive obligate anaerobe which is the causative agent of tetanus, bears spores which are spherical, terminal and twice the diameter of vegetative cells. This gives it a drumstick appearance upon viewing under microscope. 🎲For  more questions join @secondyearmbbsquestions and attend Live Quizzes @PrepNEXT at 9:30P.M Daily!!

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313)Ans. (c) Nasopharynx • N. Meningococci are capsulated Gram negative diplococci • Reservoir for N. Meningitides-Human nasopharynx is only reservoir of meningococcus. (N.meningitidis) • Most important source- carriers are the most imp source, not clinical cases. • They are arranged in pairs with adjacent sides flat-tened—7 half moon shaped. 🎲For  more questions join @secondyearmbbsquestions and attend Live Quizzes @PrepNEXT at 9:30P.M Daily!!

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312)Ans. (a) Hypokalemia • Higher serum potassium concentration inhibits digitalis binding to Na-K+ ATPase. Therefore hyperkalemia can reduce digitalis toxicity and Hypokalemia can cause digitalis toxicity. • Note: Hypokalemia and hypercalcemia precipitate digoxin toxicity. • Digitalis increases force of cardiac contraction by a direct action independent of innervation. It selectively binds to extracellular face of the membrane associated Na+K+ ATPase of myocardial fibers and inhibits this enzyme. • Inhibition of this cation pump results in progressive accumulation of Na+ intracellularly. This indirectly results in intracellular Ca2+ accumulation by reversing the direction of Na-Ca+ exchanger channel, which causes ionotropic action. 🎲For  more questions join @secondyearmbbsquestions and attend Live Quizzes @PrepNEXT at 9:30P.M Daily!!

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311) 5. Ans. (b) Labetalol • CCBs and Diuretics are contraindicated in pregnancy for blood pressure management. • In this given scenario, anti hypertensive will be started for patient’s PIH management. • Drug preferred in pregnancy induced hypertension: Labetalol (DOC) • DOC for hypertensive emergency in pregnancy: Labetalol 🎲For  more questions join @secondyearmbbsquestions and attend Live Quizzes @PrepNEXT at 9:30P.M Daily!!