Clinical Qbank(2nd year Subjects)

372 ) Ans. (b) Endoplasmic reticulum 🎲For  more questions join @secondyearmbbsquestions and attend Live Quizzes @PrepNEXT at 9:30P.M Daily!!

371) Ans. (d) Sufentanil Ref: Goodman & Gillman 13th ed. P 376 • Fentanyl citrate and sufentanil citrate are congeners of fentanyl and are considered as potent analgesics • After systemic delivery: ƒ Fentanyl is about 100 times more potent than morphine ƒ Sufentanil is about 1000 times more potent than morphine • Time to peak analgesic effect after IV administration: ~5 minutes • These drugs are well known to be used as epidural analgesic. 🎲For  more questions join @secondyearmbbsquestions and attend Live Quizzes @PrepNEXT at 9:30P.M Daily!!

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370) Ans. (c) Bromocriptine Ref: Katzung, 14th ed. pg. 498; KDT, 6th ed. pg. 167 • Ergots are derived from a fungus Claviceps purpurea. Important compounds are: ƒ Ergotamine ƒ Ergometrine (ergonovine), ƒ Ergotoxine ƒ Bromocriptine ƒ Methysergide and LSD. • These drugs possess partial agonistic and antagonistic effect at 5HT, α and dopaminergic receptors. • Ergot derivatives can cause dry gangrene of hand and feet as well as coronary vasospasm. • Ergot derivatives are highly specific for migraine pain; they are not analgesic for any other condition. • Bromocriptine is extremely effective in reducing the high levels of prolactin that result from pituitary tumors and has even been associated with regression of the tumor in some cases. • Benzhexol is DOC for drug induced Parkinsonism. • Emmenagogues are herbs which stimulate blood flow in the pelvic area and uterus; some stimulate menstruation. • Ropinirole and pramipexole is a non-ergot derivative drug, and is used in Parkinsonism. 🎲For  more questions join @secondyearmbbsquestions and attend Live Quizzes @PrepNEXT at 9:30P.M Daily!!

369 ) . Ans. (b) Pneumococcus Ref: Microbiology by Ananthanarayan and Paniker, 8th ed. pg. 19, 63, 193 • Due to alpha hemolysis, colonies of pneumococci resemble colonies of Str. viridans. • On further incubation the colonies of pneumococci become flat with raised edges and central umbonation, so that concentric rings are seen on the surface when viewed from above seems as draughtsman appearance or Carrom coin appearance. 🎲For  more questions join @secondyearmbbsquestions and attend Live Quizzes @PrepNEXT at 9:30P.M Daily!!

368 ) Ans. (a) Klebsiella pneumoniae Ref: Microbiology by Ananthanarayan andPaniker, 8th ed. pg. 278, 707 • All the bacteria in the list except Klebsiella pneumoniae have flagella (or endoflagella) which gives them the property of motility. 🎲For  more questions join @secondyearmbbsquestions and attend Live Quizzes @PrepNEXT at 9:30P.M Daily!!

367) Ans. (d) Staphylococcus aureus Ref: Harrisons's, 19th ed. • Pulmonary pneumatoceles are thin-walled, air-filled cysts that develop within the lung parenchyma. • They can be single emphysematous lesions but are more often multiple, thin-walled, air-filled, cystlike cavities. • Pneumatoceles are generally observed soon after the development of pneumonia and can be observed on the initial chest radiograph. • They are commonly caused by Staphylococcus Aureus. 🎲For  more questions join @secondyearmbbsquestions and attend Live Quizzes @PrepNEXT at 9:30P.M Daily!!

🎲For  more questions join @secondyearmbbsquestions and attend Live Quizzes @PrepNEXT at 9:30P.M Daily!!

366 ) Ans. (a) Adenocarcinoma of ampulla of Vater The complications of gallstones include gangrenous cholecystitis by pressure on the mucosa and blood vessels in an acutely inflamed gallbladder. • Cholangitis by blocking the major biliary ducts and allowing bacteria to ascend into the liver • Obstructive jaundice by blocking the common duct • Acute pancreatitis by blocking the ampulla of Vater or a major pancreatic duct • Gallstone ileus. 🎲For  more questions join @secondyearmbbsquestions and attend Live Quizzes @PrepNEXT at 9:30P.M Daily!!

355) Ans. (c) Angiosarcoma of liver Ref: Harrison, 19th ed. pg. 2027 Agents Leading to Angiosarcoma of Liver: • Arsenic • Thorotrast (Liberates Alpha particles) • Vinyl chloride 🎲For  more questions join @secondyearmbbsquestions and attend Live Quizzes @PrepNEXT at 9:30P.M Daily!!

354) Ans. (a) Carbamazepine Ref: Katzung, 14th ed. pg. 59 • Carbamazepine is an enzyme inducer. Enzyme inducers Griseofulvin Phenytoin Rifampicin Smoking Carbamazipine Phenobarbitone Barbiturate DDT 🎲For  more questions join @secondyearmbbsquestions and attend Live Quizzes @PrepNEXT at 9:30P.M Daily!!