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Important Trenches 📍 Mariana Trench • Location: Western Pacific (Near Guam) • Plates Involved: Pacific Plate subducting under Philippine Plate. Includes the Challenger Deep (10,971m) 📍 Tonga Trench • Location: South Pacific (Near Tonga) • Plates Involved: Pacific Plate subducting under Indo-Australian Plate 📍 Kuril-Kamchatka Trench • Location: Northwest Pacific (Near Russia, Japan) • Plates Involved: Pacific Plate subducting under Eurasian Plate 📍 Peru-Chile Trench (Atacama Trench) • Location: Eastern Pacific (Off South America) • Plates Involved: Nazca Plate subducting under South American Plate 📍 Philippine Trench • Location: West Pacific (Near Philippines) • Plates Involved: Philippine Plate subducting under Eurasian Plate 🔆 Oceans (Pacific & Atlantic Oceans) 📍 Japan Trench • Location: Northwest Pacific (Off Japan) • Plates Involved: Pacific Plate subducting under Eurasian Plate 📍 Kermadec Trench • Location: South Pacific (Near New Zealand) • Plates Involved: Pacific Plate subducting under Indo-Australian Plate 📍 Aleutian Trench • Location: North Pacific (Near Alaska) • Plates Involved: Pacific Plate subducting under North American Plate 📍 Middle America Trench • Location: Eastern Pacific (Off Central America) • Plates Involved: Cocos Plate subducting under North American & Caribbean Plates

🚨 Admissions Open! 🚨 UPSC GS Comprehensive Batch – For 2026 & 2027 Aspirants! Now Available in Offline (Pune) & Online Mode! 📍 Location: UPSC GUIDE, Pune 🎯 Course: Prelims + Mains Foundation Batch 🗓️ Target Year: UPSC & MPSC 2026 / 2027 Upcoming Batch Dates: 🟠 Batch 1 – 19th May 2025 🟠 Batch 2 – 2nd June 2025 🟠 Batch 3 – 23rd June 2025 🟠 Batch 4 – 14th July 2025 Why Join Us? ✅ Top-notch faculty including UPSC toppers ✅ Complete GS syllabus coverage ✅ ✍️ Regular Answer Writing Practice ✅ 📊 Weekly Performance Tests ✅ 🧑‍🏫 1:1 Personal Mentorship ✅ 🕘 Flexible batch timings (Morning & Evening) ✅ 🗣️ Seperate batches – English & Marathi ✅ Attend from anywhere – Join Online or Offline! Optional Subjects Offered: 📘 PSIR | 📗 History | 📕 Sociology | 📙 Anthropology | 🌍 Geography Get Started Today! 📞 Call/WhatsApp: +91 7887888819 | 7030300883 📍 Visit Us: Near Jnana Prabodhini, Opp. Radhika Bhel, Sadashiv Peth, Pune 🌐 www.upscguide.in Seats are limited – Reserve your spot now! ✨

UPSC CSE (Civil Services Examination) 2025 Prelims Admit Card Out https://upsconline.gov.in/eadmitcard/admitcard_csp_2025/admit_card.php#hhh1

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MK-III Missile: ✅It is a beyond-visual-range (BVR) air-to-air missile designed to be mounted on fighter aircraft. ✅Still under development by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), this missile is expected to redefine the landscape of aerial warfare, especially in BVR combat. ✅The missile will be deployed on the Sukhoi Su-30MKI jets and the Light Combat Aircraft Tejas. ✅With the eventual induction of Gandiva, India will possess one of the longest-range BVR air-to-air missiles in the world. ✅This missile is capable of targeting a variety of aerial threats, including enemy fighter jets, bombers, military transport aircraft, refueling planes, and Airborne Warning and Control System (AWACS) aircraft. Features: ✅It will have a range of 340 kilometers when the target is at an altitude of 20 kilometers, and 190 kilometers when the target is at a lower altitude of 8 kilometers. ✅It is powered by a dual-fuel ducted ramjet engine, enabling it to be launched from an IAF jet at sea level or as high as 20 kilometers in altitude. ✅The missile’s launch speed ranges from 0.8 to 2.2 Mach, with the capability to hit targets at a speed of 2.0 to 3.6 Mach. ✅One of its most advanced features is its ability to engage highly maneuverable fighter aircraft, with an angle of attack of up to 20 degrees. ✅Additionally, the Gandiva has a ±10 km snap-up/snap-down capability, allowing it to engage targets at varying altitudes—either higher or lower than the firing aircraft.

🚨 Admissions Open! 🚨 UPSC GS Comprehensive Batch – For 2026 & 2027 Aspirants! Now Available in Offline (Pune) & Online Mode! 📍 Location: UPSC GUIDE, Pune 🎯 Course: Prelims + Mains Foundation Batch 🗓️ Target Year: UPSC & MPSC 2026 / 2027 Upcoming Batch Dates: 🟠 Batch 1 – 19th May 2025 🟠 Batch 2 – 2nd June 2025 🟠 Batch 3 – 23rd June 2025 🟠 Batch 4 – 14th July 2025 Why Join Us? ✅ Top-notch faculty including UPSC toppers ✅ Complete GS syllabus coverage ✅ ✍️ Regular Answer Writing Practice ✅ 📊 Weekly Performance Tests ✅ 🧑‍🏫 1:1 Personal Mentorship ✅ 🕘 Flexible batch timings (Morning & Evening) ✅ 🗣️ Seperate batches – English & Marathi ✅ Attend from anywhere – Join Online or Offline! Optional Subjects Offered: 📘 PSIR | 📗 History | 📕 Sociology | 📙 Anthropology | 🌍 Geography Get Started Today! 📞 Call/WhatsApp: +91 7887888819 | 7030300883 📍 Visit Us: Near Jnana Prabodhini, Opp. Radhika Bhel, Sadashiv Peth, Pune 🌐 www.upscguide.in Seats are limited – Reserve your spot now! ✨

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What is the SCALP Missile? ✅In Operation Sindoor, SCALP missiles were reportedly launched from Indian Rafale jets to strike deep-terror infrastructure in Pakistan and PoK. ✅The SCALP missile, also known by its British name, ‘Storm Shadow’, is a long-range, air-launched cruise missile. ✅It is conventionally armed and used for deep strike missions against high-value, fixed or stationary targets. ✅Its full name, Systeme de Croisiere Autonome a Longue Portee, underscores its role as an autonomous, extended-range strike weapon. ✅It is jointly developed by the United Kingdom and France. ✅It is also in service with the air forces of Egypt, India, Italy, Greece, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE). 📍Features: ✅It has a range of around 500 km. ✅Weighing 1,300 kg, it carries a 450 kg conventional warhead capable of penetrating hardened bunkers. ✅It is around five metres long and has a wingspan of three metres. ✅Flying at subsonic speeds (around Mach 0.8) and low altitudes, it uses terrain-following navigation, GPS/INS guidance, and infrared terminal homing for high accuracy. ✅These features allow it to fly at low altitudes to evade enemy radar ✅As it approaches its target, the missile’s infrared guidance system compares the target with preloaded images to ensure high accuracy and minimise collateral damage. ✅Designed for stealth and precision, the SCALP is capable of operating in any weather conditions. ✅Launch platform: India integrates SCALP with the Rafale fighter jets, which are currently operated by the Indian Air Force

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