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Whipple triad, :-
which consists of
(1) symptoms of hypoglycemia, (2) hypoglycemia (blood glucose level <50 mg/dL), and (3) relief of symptoms following ingestion of glucose.
Alport syndrome is a genetic condition characterized by kidney disease, hearing loss, and eye abnormalities. People with Alport syndrome experience progressive loss of kidney function. Almost all affected individuals have blood in their urine (hematuria), which indicates abnormal functioning of the kidneys
Schwartz sign :-
It is also known as Flemingo's pink sign, is a diagnostic indicator for otosclerosis, a disease of the bones of the middle or inner ear.
The Pearl Index, also called the Pearl rate, is the most common technique used in clinical trials for reporting the effectiveness of a birth control and tampon selection.
Calculation and usage
Three kinds of information are needed to calculate a Pearl Index for a particular study:
The total number months or cycles of exposure by women in the study.
The number of pregnancies.
The reason for leaving the study (pregnancy or other reason)
The number of children in a single pregnancy (twins or triplets can effect the final number).
COMMON NAMES
Abrotanum -Southernwood
Bapt – wild indigo
Aconite –Monkshood
Collinsonia –stone root
Actea racemosa –Cimicifuga Black cohosh
Caulophyllum –Blue cohosh
Actia spicata –Bane berry
Kalm–mountain laurel Crocus sat –saffron
Colch –Meadow saffron
Ledum –Marsh tea
Abies Canadensis –Hemlock spruce
Abies nigra –Black spruce
Dros –sundew
Taraxacum -dandelion
Arnica –Leoperd’s bane Hyos–Henbane Rheum–rhubarb Colocynth–sqirtingcucumber
Liltig–tiger lily
Apis –poison of honey bee
Bell –Deadly night shade
Rumex –yellow dock
Rhododendron–snowrose Melilotus –sweet clover
Dulc –Bitter sweet
Menyanthus –Buck bean
Cicuta –water hemlock
Con mac –poison hemlock
Lobelia inflata -Indian tobacco
Apocynum ,
Cann ind –Indian Hemp
Cann sat –Hemp
Lyco –club moss /wolf’s foot;
Arum triphyllum –Indian turnip
Anac –Marking nut
Caladium –American arum
Nux vom –poison nut
Rhus–pioson oak
Ign –St .Ignatius
Nuxmos –nutmeg
Sang –blood root
Spigelia –pink root
Hyper –St. John’s wort Staphy –stavestcre
Dios –Wild yam
Phyt –poke root
Hydrastis –orange root /golden seal
Asarum europ –European snake root
Physostigma –calaber bean Opium –poppy
China –Peruvianbark
Sambucus -elder
Sanicula –mineral spring water
Aethusa–fool’sparsley Petrosel-parsley
Ranunculus–buttercup
Agaricus –toad stool
Calend –mariegold
Podo –May apple /Veg. Mercury
Bovista –puff ball
Gels–yellowjasmine
Stram –thorn apple
Trillium–Wakerobin
Sec cor –ergot /spurred rye
Puls–windflower/anemone /weather cock Hamam –Witch hazel
Thalaspi/Capsella–shepherd’spurse Ustilago –corn smut
Helleborus–Christmasrose
Equis –scouring rush
Cina–wormseed
Canth – Spanish flies
Cactus –night blooming cereus
Veralb–Whitehellebore
Symph -comfrey
Helonius–unicornplant
Ver virid –American ,, /green hellebore
Theridion–orangespider
Tarent hisp –Spanish spider
Millefolium –yarrow
Thuja –arbor vitae/ tree of life / white cidar
Saras –wild liquorice
Spong –roasted
Lachesis –Surukuku snake poison
Caps–cayeneepepper
Tarent cuben –Cuban ,,Tarent hisp –Spanish spider,, cubensis –Cuban ,,
Sulph –Brimstone
Naja –cobra
Coca –Divine plant of Incas
Mygale –Black Cuban spider
Asterias rubens -starfish
Sepia –cuttle fish
Murex –Purple fish
Physaliferous Cells :-
The histological appearance of classical chordoma is of a lobulated tumor composed of groups of cells separated by fibrous septa.
The cells have small round nuclei and abundant vacuolated cytoplasm, sometimes described as physaliferous (having bubbles or vacuoles).
Eisenmenger syndrome :-
It is a condition that results from abnormal blood circulation caused by a defect in the heart. Most often, people with this condition are born with a hole between the two pumping chambers -- the left and right ventricles -- of the heart (ventricular septal defect).
Eisenmenger complex :-
It is a specific subset of Eisenmenger syndrome, and consists of:
👉ventricular septal defect (VSD) severe pulmonary arterial hypertension resulting in. shunt reversal and cyanosis.
Caplan's syndrome (or Caplan disease or rheumatoid pneumoconiosis):-
It is a combination of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and pneumoconiosis that manifests as intrapulmonary nodules, which appear homogenous and well-defined on chest X-ray.
Spur cell anemia (SCA) :-
It is an acquired hemolytic anemia, characterized by an increase in the percentage of spur cells (acanthocytes) associated with liver cirrhosis.
The presence of ≥5% spur cells on peripheral blood smears has been observed in 31% of patients with liver cirrhosis
Cat-scratch disease (CSD):-
It is a bacterial infection spread by cats. The disease spreads when an infected cat licks a person’s open wound, or bites or scratches a person hard enough to break the surface of the skin. About three to 14 days after the skin is broken, a mild infection can occur at the site of the scratch or bite. The infected area may appear swollen and red with round, raised lesions and can have pus. A person with CSD may also have a fever, headache, poor appetite, and exhaustion. Later, the person’s lymph nodes near the original scratch or bite can become swollen, tender, or painful.
Postcoital test (PCT) (also known as Sims test, Huhner test or Sims-Huhner test) :-
It is a test in the evaluation of infertility. The test examines interaction between sperm and mucus of the cervix. The PCT, or Sims–Huhner test, examines sperm survival in cervical mucus and determines whether sperm are migrating into the female reproductive system.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) :-
It is a potentially disabling disease of the brain and spinal cord (central nervous system).
In MS, the immune system attacks the protective sheath (myelin) that covers nerve fibers and causes communication problems between your brain and the rest of your body. Eventually, the disease can cause permanent damage or deterioration of the nerves.
Shy-Drager Syndrome:-
(now known as called Multiple System Atrophy) is a neurological disease resulting from degeneration of certain nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord. Body functions controlled by these areas of the brain and spinal cord function abnormally in patients with this disease.
Gardner syndrome :-
It is a form of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) that is characterized by multiple colorectal polyps and various types of tumors , both benign (noncancerous) and malignant (cancerous). People affected by Gardner syndrome have a high risk of developing colorectal cancer at an early age.
Ganser syndrome :-
It is a rare type of condition in which a person deliberately and consciously acts as if he or she has a physical or mental illness when he or she is not really sick.
People with Ganser syndrome mimic behavior that is typical of a mental illness, such as schizophrenia.
Torsade de pointes:--
👉It is an uncommon and distinctive form of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT) characterized by a gradual change in the amplitude and twisting of the QRS complexes around the isoelectric line.
👉Torsade de pointes, often referred to as torsade, is associated with a prolonged QT interval, which may be congenital or acquired.
👉Torsade usually terminates spontaneously but frequently recurs and may degenerate into ventricular fibrillation.
📚Herpangina :-
It is a common childhood illness caused by a virus. It’s characterized by small, blister-like ulcers on the roof of the mouth and in the back of the throat. The infection may also cause a sudden fever, sore throat, headache, and neck pain.
Warthin's tumour, also known as adenolymphoma or papillary lymphomatous cystadenoma, is the second most common benign neoplasm and accounts for approximately 15% of parotid epithelial tumours
Breast Carcinoma📚
Lobular carcinoma in situ :-
Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is cancer that grows in the milk-producing glands of your breast. Like DCIS, the cancer cells haven’t invaded the surrounding tissue.
Invasive ductal carcinoma :-
Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) is the most common type of breast cancer. This type of breast cancer begins in your breast’s milk ducts and then invades nearby tissue in the breast. Once the breast cancer has spread to the tissue outside your milk ducts, it can begin to spread to other nearby organs and tissue.
Invasive lobular carcinoma :-
Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) first develops in your breast’s lobules and has invaded nearby tissue
Paget disease of the nipple.:-
This type of breast cancer begins in the ducts of the nipple, but as it grows, it begins to affect the skin and areola of the nipple.
Phyllodes tumor :-
This very rare type of breast cancer grows in the connective tissue of the breast. Most of these tumors are benign, but some are cancerous.
Angiosarcoma :-
This is cancer that grows on the blood vessels or lymph vessels in the breast
