KNOW Homoeopathy

Birth & Death Year's Boenninghausen:- 12 March 1785 - Born 26 Jan 1864 - Died Kent:- 31 March 1849 - Born 6 June 1916 - Died Boger:- 13 May 1861 - Born 2 Sept 1935 - Died

Vaccine developers - BBV152 (Covaxin):- Bharat Biotech, Indian Council of Medical Research Clinical Trial Site:- India Technology Used:- Inactivated SARS-CoV-2

COVID – 19 – Must Know Points for Competitive Exams 1. Epidemiology: - Origin – Wuhan, Hubei province of China 2. Timeline: - 1st December 2019: First case detected - 31st December 2019 – WHO China office alerted with cases of Viral Pneumonia of Unknown Etiology - 13th Jan 2020 – First case reported outside China (Thailand) - 30th Jan 2020 – India reported first case of COVID – 19 (Kerala) - 30th Jan 2020 – WHO declared COVID-19 as Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) - 11th Feb 2020 – Corona virus renamed as COVID -19 - 11th Mar 2020 – COVID-19 declared as Pandemic by WHO 3. Risk assessment: - WHO declared COVID – 19 as “VERY HIGH” at regional, national and Global level 4. Causative agent: Novel coronavirus (SARS – CoV 2) 5. Morphology: Linear, Positive Sense, Helical symmetry, SS RNA virus with non- segmented genome 6. Incubation Period: 2 – 14 days (Median IP – 5 days) 7. Serial Interval: 5 – 6 days 8. Quarantine period: 14 days 9. Type of epidemic: Propagated epidemic 10.Modes of transmission: Droplets, Contact and Fomites 11.Case fatality rate: 2 – 4% (CFR increases with age and co morbidities like DM, HTN, Cardiovascular diseases) 12.Specimen collected for diagnosis: Nasopharyngeal swab > Oropharyngeal swab > Sputum 13.Investigation of choice: a. RT – PCR (Real Time reverse transcriptase Polymerase chain reaction) Genes identified in RT – PCR: N, E and RdRP (RNA dependent RNA Polymerase) • N and E genes – useful for screening • RdRP gene – useful for confirmation Nodal laboratory: National Institute of Virology, Pune b. HRCT: More sensitive than RT – PCR; Ground glass opacities – consistent finding for COVID – 19 on CT chest 14.Drugs currently in use: RNA polymerase inhibitors: Favilavir & Remdesivir • Chloroquine + Oseltamavir +Lopinavir/Ritonavir (AIIMS Management Protocol) 15.Prevention: - Washing hands with soap and water > 20 seconds - Alcohol based sanitizer with at least ≥60% alcohol by volume - Social distancing – 6 feet 16.Government of India declared COVID – 19 as “National Disaster”, and hence the Nodal center for action is District and Nodal officer at field level is District collector 17.Tracking app: Aarogya setu app 18.Logo of aarogya setu app: 19.Toll free helpline number: 1075 20.Recent Updates: ICMR, New Delhi & NIV, Pune – developed indigenous ELISA test kits known as “KAVACH ELISA” – used for COVID – 19 antibody detection 21.Disinfectant used in public places and in walk through disinfectant tunnels is 1% Sodium Hypochlorite solution 22.COVID-19 Biomedical waste disposal guidelines: a. N95, Head cap, Shoe cover, Disposable gowns – Yellow color bag b. Goggles, Face shield, Nitrile gloves – Red color bag c. Viral transport media, Plastic vials, Plastic cryovials, Vacutainers – Red color bag

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Panniculitis is a group of conditions that cause painful bumps, or nodules, to form under your skin, often on your legs and feet. These bumps create inflammation in the fat layer under your skin. This layer is called the panniculus, or subcutaneous fat layer. Cause:-infections from bacteria (such as tuberculosis and streptococcus), viruses, fungi, or parasites inflammatory diseases, such as Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis diabetes injuries, such as from intense exercise, exposure to very cold temperatures, or injections of medicine into the fat layer under your skin connective tissue disorders such as lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, and scleroderma medicines such as sulfonamide antibiotics, iodide, bromide, and large doses of corticosteroids sarcoidosis, which is a condition that causes clumps of inflammatory cells to form in your body cancers like leukemia and lymphoma pancreatic diseases alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, which is a genetic disorder that causes lung disease and liver disease

UPSC Patterned Quizzez Schedule:- 11 A.M. - Answer Quickly (Homoeopathic Subjects Only) 4 P.M. - Assertion & Reason 9 P.M. - Allied Subjects Only

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Clinical feature of cushing's syndrome 👉insulin resistance 👉violaceous striae 👉centripetal obesity 👉HTN 👉frank psychosis 👉hypokalemia