TED Talks - آموزش زبان

👍Why you don't need 8 glasses of water a day? You know that whole thing about drinking eight glasses of water a day? Sorry to have to tell you this, but it's a myth. It won't make your skin brighter, it won't make you feel clearheaded, it won't make you feel more energetic. It might, however, make you have to pee a lot. Many people don't understand the biology behind their bodies. There's a lot of misinformation out there. But the truth is that when you understand how your systems function, you're able to make better decisions. You're not as prone to fall for hype or pseudoscience. You'll feel empowered to understand what's really going on. One myth that really bugs me is the idea that you need eight glasses of water a day. Honestly, it's pretty shocking how ingrained it is. You hear it on TV, you see it in articles. But like I said, it's nonsense. For the most part, your body will tell you when you need to drink water, because you've got these wonderful, amazing, undervalued things -- kidneys. Kidneys are the bean-shaped organs located to either side of your spine, right below your ribs. They're often thought of as a filter or a waste-removal system, but that doesn't do the kidneys justice. Your body is an environment where everything, fluid and chemicals, needs to be in a delicate balance. The kidneys do a lot of the heavy lifting when it comes to this balance. Every day, blood in your body passes through the kidneys. What you eat, drink, the temperature around you, how much you exercise -- all of this affects what's going on with your body. Your kidneys, along with your nervous system and various hormones, are constantly watching many gauges and making adjustments about fluid, salt and levels of other substances in real time. They do this with about one million tiny structures called nephrons. These nephrons are kind of like workers on a conveyor belt, actively adding things and taking things away, things like sodium, glucose or sugar, calcium, amino acids and water, to make sure the body maintains homeostasis, or balance. If levels of anything get too high or too low, then that can be harmful. And it is the job of the kidneys to keep the levels of many of these substances in the just-right zone. Substances that aren't needed leave the kidney and head to the bladder, where you excrete them in the form of urine. So where do eight glasses of water a day fit in? They don't. Noticed that I did not say that the kidney function is improved with excess water. Imagine that you're sweating a lot, so you're losing water from your blood. The kidneys know your blood volume is dropping ever so slightly and that your blood is getting ever so slightly saltier. They compensate by absorbing more water back into the blood, making the urine more concentrated. If the kidneys sense enough fluid can't be reabsorbed from the urine, you're signaled to drink, meaning you get thirsty. If you don't have fluid available, the thirst message gets stronger and stronger. A person facing real dehydration won't be unsure if they need water. They'll do whatever they need to get it. It's one of our most basic instincts that's evolved over a very long time, in environments where clean water wasn't nearly as readily available as it is today.

👍Why you don't need 8 glasses of water a day? #Health #Human_Body #Science #Water #Biology 🎙Join ➣ @TEDTalksLearning ☜ 🎙Join ➣ @TEDTalksLearning ☜

🔥مشاوره رایگان جهت تحصیل در دانشگاه های ایتالیا همراه با بورسیه تحصیلی 📱پیام از طریق ایدی زیر👇👇 @applyItaly_Study

‼Why sitting is bad for you? Right now, you're probably sitting down to watch this video and staying seated for a few minutes to view it is probably okay. But the longer you stay put, the more agitated your body becomes. It sits there counting down the moments until you stand up again and take it for a walk. That may sound ridiculous. Our bodies love to sit, right? Not really. Sure, sitting for brief periods can help us recover from stress or recuperate from exercise. But nowadays, our lifestyles make us sit much more than we move around, and our bodies simply aren't built for such a sedentary existence. In fact, just the opposite is true. The human body is built to move, and you can see evidence of that in the way it's structured. Inside us are over 360 joints, and about 700 skeletal muscles that enable easy, fluid motion. The body's unique physical structure gives us the ability to stand up straight against the pull of gravity. Our blood depends on us moving around to be able to circulate properly. Our nerve cells benefit from movement, and our skin is elastic, meaning it molds to our motions. So if every inch of the body is ready and waiting for you to move, what happens when you just don't? Let's start with the backbone of the problem, literally. Your spine is a long structure made of bones and the cartilage discs that sit between them. Joints, muscles and ligaments that are attached to the bones hold it all together. A common way of sitting is with a curved back and slumped shoulders, a position that puts uneven pressure on your spine. Over time, this causes wear and tear in your spinal discs, overworks certain ligaments and joints, and puts strain on muscles that stretch to accommodate your back's curved position. This hunched shape also shrinks your chest cavity while you sit, meaning your lungs have less space to expand into when you breath. That's a problem because it temporarily limits the amount of oxygen that fills your lungs and filters into your blood. Around the skeleton are the muscles, nerves, arteries and veins that form the body's soft tissue layers. The very act of sitting squashes, pressurizes and compresses, and these more delicate tissues really feel the brunt. Have you ever experienced numbness and swelling in your limbs when you sit? In areas that are the most compressed, your nerves, arteries and veins can become blocked, which limits nerve signaling, causing the numbness, and reduces blood flow in your limbs, causing them to swell. Sitting for long periods also temporarily deactivates lipoprotein lipase, a special enzyme in the walls of blood capillaries that breaks down fats in the blood, so when you sit, you're not burning fat nearly as well as when you move around. What effect does all of this stasis have on the brain? Most of the time, you probably sit down to use your brain, but ironically, lengthy periods of sitting actually run counter to this goal. Being stationary reduces blood flow and the amount of oxygen entering your blood stream through your lungs. Your brain requires both of those things to remain alert, so your concentration levels will most likely dip as your brain activity slows. Unfortunately, the ill effects of being seated don't only exist in the short term. Recent studies have found that sitting for long periods is linked with some types of cancers and heart disease and can contribute to diabetes, kidney and liver problems. In fact, researchers have worked out that, worldwide, inactivity causes about 9% of premature deaths a year. That's over 5 million people. So what seems like such a harmless habit actually has the power to change our health. But luckily, the solutions to this mounting threat are simple and intuitive. #Health #Public_Health #TED_Ed #Animation #Human_Body #Exercise #Physiology 🎙Join ➣ @TEDTalksLearning ☜ 🎙Join ➣ @TEDTalksLearning ☜

‼Why sitting is bad for you? #Health #Public_Health #TED_Ed #Animation #Human_Body #Exercise #Physiology 🎙Join ➣ @TEDTalksLearning ☜ 🎙Join ➣ @TEDTalksLearning ☜

A phone is much more than it appears to be on the surface. It’s an assemblage of elements from multiple countries, linked to impacts that are unfolding on a global scale. So, until someone invents a completely sustainable smartphone, we’ll need to come to terms with how this technology affects widespread places and people. #TED_Ed #Sustainability #Technology #Resources #Natural_Resources 🎙Join ➣ @TEDTalksLearning ☜ 🎙Join ➣ @TEDTalksLearning ☜

While local and sustainable foods have been trending for almost a decade, terms like "healthy" and "natural" have no legal framework in the United States. Your best bet for fresh, nutrient-rich foods without the marketing jargon? Go to your farmers market. Buying local is not a new idea, but turning it into a habit in today's world still is. If we want to avoid the high costs of cheap food, protect our environment, rebuild our communities and save our farmers -- literally -- we're going to need to vote with our food purchases. The success of our food systems is directly attached to us. If we want to break up Big Ag's hold on our food supply chain, then we're going to need to connect with our farmers. We're going to need to rebuild relationships with the hands that feed us three times a day. Plus, two more for snacks. Come on. With a government online database of more than 8,600 farmers markets across the country, you can easily find the nearest one to you. Just think of yourself as an investor in food, where your purchasing power helps create a more equitable society for everyone. Oh! Almost forgot step three, which may surprise you: shop at your local farmers markets. Thank you. #Farming #Agriculture #Food #Future #Environment #Business #Sustainability 🎙Join ➣ @TEDTalksLearning ☜ 🎙Join ➣ @TEDTalksLearning ☜

🔴Why you should shop at your local farmers market? It's been about a decade since the last financial crisis, yet this industry has never been bigger. Legislation that was meant to better regulate its largest players has hurt its smaller ones, resulting in most of the industry's assets to be controlled by the top one percent. They've become too big to fail. I'm not referring to big banks, but the world of Big Agriculture. As a public health practitioner who has worked with small-scale farmers in Rwanda and now as a small food business owner who sits at the intersection between our consumers and producers, I've been exposed to one of the most ecologically and economically intensive industries in the world, and throughout my work, I've witnessed a chilling irony. Our farmers, who feed our communities, cannot afford the very foods they grow. Today, a handful of corporations continue to consolidate the entire food supply chain, from the intellectual property of seeds to produce and livestock all the way to the financial institutions who lend to these farmers. And the recent results have been rising bankruptcies for family farms and little control for those who are just trying to survive in the industry. Left unchecked, we will head into another economic collapse, one very similar to the farm crisis of the 1980s, when commodity market prices crashed, interest rates doubled, and many farmers lost everything. Fortunately, there's a very simple, three-part solution you can be part of right now to help us transform our food industry from the bottom up. Step one: shop at your local farmers markets. Buying from your local market and subscribing to a community-supported agricultural produce box, better known as a CSA, may be the single greatest purchasing decision you can make as a consumer today. Last year, American farmers made the least they have in almost three decades, because they now own fewer parts of the supply chain than ever before. Under exclusive contracts with Big Ag and big box stores, farmers are not offered a fair price for their goods. In fact, the average farmer in America makes less than 15 cents of every dollar on a product that you purchase at a store. On the other hand, farmers who sell their goods at a farmers market take home closer to 90 cents of every dollar. But beyond taking home a larger share, farmers use markets as an opportunity to cultivate the next generation of agriculturalists who shepherd our farmlands and our pastures. In our fight against climate change, we need them now more than ever to promote and preserve diverse land use. When multigenerational farms are lost to Big Ag consolidation, our communities suffer in countless ways. Rural America has now jumped above the national average in violent crime. Three out four farmworkers surveyed have been directly impacted by our opioid epidemic. Now oftentimes disguised as accidents, farmer suicide is now on the rise. Step two: shop at your local farmers markets. Produce from a large retail store is harvested before it's ripe to travel more than a thousand miles before it ultimately sits on your shelf roughly two weeks later. Alternatively, because most farmers markets have proximity and production requirements, farmers travel less than 50 miles to offer you local produce with minimal packaging waste. With the advent of online grocers and trending meal kits, consumers are increasingly disconnected with their farmers and the economics of food production. Since the rise of the smartphone revolution, direct-to-consumer goods have stagnated.

🔴Why you should shop at your local farmers market? #Farming #Agriculture #Food #Future #Environment #Business #Sustainability 🎙Join ➣ @TEDTalksLearning ☜ 🎙Join ➣ @TEDTalksLearning ☜