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👉 There are a couple of applications where we have deployed accelerometers. 👉 One such application is a security device that is mounted and should remain stationary under normal conditions. However, in case someone tries to tamper with it, even slightest movement or vibration would be sensed and the device would come into action. 👉 Another application is for special-purpose objects that would be deployed in events, and these objects would sense movement or activity done by the user. Depending upon the activity, user updates would be registered on his social profiles.

What are they? 👉 An accelerometer is a type of sensor that senses the velocity and the motion of a reference mass to track its orientation and movement. 👉 It is an electromechanical device that can help a gadget understand its surroundings in a better way. 👉 A gyroscope is a type of sensor that is used to measure and maintain the orientation of a device or of a reference object using the principle of angular velocity. 👉 It is another type of motion sensor. It is usually referred to as a ‘gyro’ or an ‘angular velocity sensor’ or an ‘angular rate sensor.’ 👉 The angular velocity sensed by the sensor is converted into an electrical signal.

Accelerometers and Gyroscopes: The Stars Amongst the Sensors  👉 A sensor is a component or a device that either detects or measures any physical property and indicates, records or responds to it. 👉 There are a number of sensors in the market today; however, motion sensors are the ones that are most widely used in applications for their better performance. they detect and measure different types of motions of a device that may further be used as an input to the control system for that particular device. 👉 We all are aware of the different types of motions like vibration, rotation, acceleration, etc. 👉 All these motion types have a special type of sensor for their detection, like accelerometers are used for the detection of acceleration with a free-fall reference, and gyroscopes are used to detect the orientation of the device directly. 👉 Together, an accelerometer and a gyroscope can provide enough data to detect motion on six axes—up and down, left and right, forward and backward, and roll, pitch and yaw rotations.

Eggless Scrambled Eggs Are Cooking in IIT Delhi Labs, May Hit Your Plate Soon 👉 Researchers at Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi have developed a vegan, non-soy, gluten-free alternative for eggs with a mung bean-based formula. 👉 There is no need to crack shells to get eggs anymore, as plant-based eggs, packaged in bottles and packets, are enroute your plate. 👉 The product was presented in a demonstration ahead of Industry Day 2019 at IIT Delhi. It comes in cubes that can be crumbled to cook scrambled eggs in the saucepan, and at the same price that you get them in the market. 👉 Assistant Professor Kavya Dashora from the center for rural development and technology, who worked closely with the project, made the proposal. It was taken up and funded by Four Pursuits, a venture run by trustee of Indic group Srijan Foundation Rahul Dewan. He is also working on taking the product to the market. 👉 Dashora said, “Eggs have their own health problems – like cholesterol and allergies. Vegetarians who don’t get the protein found in egg can use this mung formula eggs." 👉 "The most common thing for protein is pulses, so we started with research with pulses. Moong dal has the protein equivalent of egg whites,” she added. Experiments were conducted by four people and spanned several months.

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Biometrics Five major types of biometric technologies available today are: 1. Iris recognition that relies on distinctly-coloured ring surrounding the pupil of the eye. 2. Hand geometry that relies on measurements of fingers, distances between joints and the shapes of knuckles. 3. Fingerprint recognition that relies on features in the impressions made by distinct ridges on fingertips. 4. Face recognition that identifies individuals by analysing facial features such as the upper outlines of eye sockets or sides of the mouth. 5. Voice recognition that is based on the differences in voice.

Nanotechnology 👉 Nanotechnology involves developing materials and complete systems at atomic, molecular or macromolecular levels where dimensions fall in the range of one to 100 nanometres. 👉 Nano-scale sensors form a weak chemical bond with the substance and then change their properties in response (such as colour change, or a change in conductivity, fluorescence or weight). 👉 As an anti-terrorism tool, nanotechnologies are relatively in their infancy stage vis-à-vis other technologies.

Non-lethal weapons 👉 These are employed to incapacitate personnel or material while minimising fatalities and undesired damage to property and environment. 👉 Their functions include preventing or neutralising the means of transportation such as vehicles, vessels or aircraft including those for weapons of mass destruction. 👉 The technologies used include acoustics systems, chemicals, communications systems, electromagnetic and electrical systems, entanglement and other mechanical systems, information technologies, optical devices, non-penetrating projectiles and munitions, and more.

Directed-energy weapons. 👉 These weapons generate very high-power beams such as lasers and microwave radiations that are precisely focused to hit targets with sub-atomic particles, both to track and destroy. 👉 Directed-energy weapons have the capability to cause casualties, damage equipment, disable targets on ground, air and sea, and provide active defence against threats from artillery, rockets, mortars, missiles and unmanned aerial vehicles.

Current technologies being used to combat terrorism The technologies are: • Directed-energy weapons • Non-lethal weapons • Nanotechnology • Biometrics • Data mining and analysis technologies • Network-centric operations

👉 Syntax and semantic analysis are two main techniques used with natural language processing. 👉 Syntax is the arrangement of words in a sentence to make grammatical sense. 👉 NLP uses syntax to assess meaning from a language based on grammatical rules. 👉 Syntax techniques used include parsing (grammatical analysis for a sentence), word segmentation (which divides a large piece of text to units), sentence breaking (which places sentence boundaries in large texts), morphological segmentation (which divides words into groups) and stemming (which divides words with inflection in them to root forms). 👉 Semantics involves the use and meaning behind words. 👉 Techniques that NLP uses with semantics include word sense disambiguation (which derives meaning of a word based on context), named entity recognition (which determines words that can be categorized into groups), and natural language generation (which will use a database to determine semantics behind words).

👉 Natural language processing (NLP) is the ability of a computer program to understand human language as it is spoken. NLP is a component of artificial intelligence (AI). 👉 The development of NLP applications is challenging because computers traditionally require humans to "speak" to them in a programming language that is precise, unambiguous and highly structured, or through a limited number of clearly enunciated voice commands. 👉 Human speech, however, is not always precise -- it is often ambiguous and the linguistic structure can depend on many complex variables, including slang, regional dialects and social context.

Natural Language 👉 Natural language refers to the way we, humans, communicate with each other. 👉 Namely, speech and text. 👉 We are surrounded by text. Think about how much text you see each day: Signs Menus Email SMS Web Pages and so much more… The list is endless. 👉 Now think about speech. We may speak to each other, as a species, more than we write. It may even be easier to learn to speak than to write. 👉 Voice and text are how we communicate with each other. 👉 Given the importance of this type of data, we must have methods to understand and reason about natural language, just like we do for other types of data.

NLP Natural Language Processing, or NLP for short, is broadly defined as the automatic manipulation of natural language, like speech and text, by software.

5. Can I Run My BS-4 Vehicle with BS-6 Fuel? 👉 The clear advantage is that the fuel will be of a higher quality and hence cleaner. 👉 However, petrol and diesel will also have lower sulphur content. Sulphur has lubricant properties for injectors and in-line fuel pumps. 👉 While BS-VI compliant cars are built to handle low sulphur levels, BS-4 vehicles may need to use a lubricant additive in the tank to ensure that expensive parts like fuel injectors don’t get prematurely worn out.